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Welcome to our four-part video series on nutrition.

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Today, we'll be exploring what makes a human being healthy and active,

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and what systems the body uses to keep us moving.

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Nutrition is an important factor in keeping us all alive.

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The body uses nutrients like food and oxygen to keep our bodies functioning.

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Without it, we wouldn't last very long.

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In this four-part series, we will learn about the main systems which all work together as a team to keep our bodies working.

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So, let's get to it.

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There are four main systems that we'll be learning about in this series.

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There's the digestive system, the respiratory system, the circulatory system, and the excretory system.

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And today, we'll be taking a closer look at what exactly the digestive system is.

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Let's take a journey through the digestive system with our friend, Ms. Frizzle, and her students.

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It all starts out with your choice of food.

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After you hopefully choose a healthy snack, digestion begins with your teeth.

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Your teeth crush the food into smaller particles where the saliva then breaks it down.

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Your tongue also helps by moving the food around and ultimately helping you swallow your food.

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After the food is mushed down into an easily swallowable size, the esophagus then takes the food down to the stomach.

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That's where the fun begins.

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The stomach then moves the food around and breaks it down even further using something called

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gastric juices. These juices are acidic, and if the stomach did not have a special lining in its

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walls, it would break down the stomach too after a while. The food mixing with the gastric juices

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is also called stomach bile. Fun fact, animals called ruminants have four stomachs. Humans only

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have one stomach. Could you imagine having four? The entire first part of the system is called the

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digestion stage. The digestion stage is the breaking down of food we put into our bodies.

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The next stage is called the absorption stage. This is where the body takes nutrients from the

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food and stores it in your blood. Back to our trip through the digestive system. After spending some

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time in your stomach, your food makes its way to the small intestine where it gets some help from

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the liver. The liver creates bile, which helps break apart smaller food particles, kind of like

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the stomach. The mixing of the liver, bile, and food helps the small intestines absorb the necessary

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nutrients from your food. After absorbing, the small intestine passes all the good nutrients

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into your blood. But what do we do with the leftover mush that doesn't have nutrients anymore?

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Don't worry, that's where the elimination stage comes to the rescue. After having all the nutrients

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taken out of the food, the large intestine then works hard to take all the water out as well.

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The leftover waste is called feces.

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Finally, the feces passes through the rectum and leaves the body through the anus.

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And just like that, we just made it through the entire digestive system.

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Not a bad trip, huh?

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Okay, so we talked about the imaginary food we ate and watched it go through our entire bodies,

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but we never really talked about what kind of food and what exact nutrients our bodies need to keep going.

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Everybody needs key essential nutrients to survive.

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We need carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, and minerals in water to keep our bodies strong

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and functioning correctly. Getting all of these nutrients into our body keeps us warm,

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energized, and can even help us grow. Besides the nutrients we already listed,

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we can also help our bodies by consuming micronutrients. These are nutrients that

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our bodies need but cannot create on their own, so we have to consume them. For example,

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our bodies cannot create calcium. That's why we drink milk to help our bones get stronger.

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We also need iron to keep our blood healthy, so eating red meat, beans, and dark vegetables can

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help us maintain a good red blood cell count. But what about the foods we really like to eat?

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The sweets, the junk food. While these foods are great as a treat every now and then,

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eating them all the time can be pretty dangerous. They have a very little nutritional value and

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contain lots of sugar and fat. If you put more sugar and fat into your body than it can use,

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it gets stored, which can put stress on other systems of your body. So keep in mind that eating

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nutritional food is incredibly important, but also eating the right amount will keep you healthy.

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Okay, we talked about a lot today, so let's do a quick recap.

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The digestive system is made up of three stages, digestion, absorption, and elimination. The

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digestion stage is made up of the mouth, esophagus, and stomach. The absorption stage is made up of

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the small intestine and the liver, and the elimination stage is made up of the large

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intestine and rectum. All three stages are necessary so we can get nutrients into our

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body and get rid of what we don't need. Nutrients are important to keep our bodies

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alive and healthy. Carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water are all the main

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ingredients and nutrients needed to keep us moving day to day. We also need to make sure

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we intake micronutrients or nutrients our bodies cannot make but need. We also need to be careful

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when it comes to junk food. A sweet treat every now and again is great, but we need to make sure

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our food is balanced to keep us as healthy as we can be. Well everyone, that's all for today. Thank

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you for adventuring through the digestive system with me, and stay tuned for part two of this

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nutrition series.