1 00:00:01,060 --> 00:00:12,859 As Rome was finally caving, with northerners invading, around 580... 2 00:00:13,519 --> 00:00:26,399 Dark ages for European people, and the times were medieval. 3 00:00:27,179 --> 00:00:32,920 Saints, churches, and gothic cathedrals. Monks learning in monasteries. 4 00:00:32,920 --> 00:00:36,380 Pope Urban, the second's crusaders 5 00:00:36,380 --> 00:00:39,859 Ridden Celtic Turks from the land, it's holy 6 00:00:39,859 --> 00:00:43,159 Vassals pledging lords their allegiance 7 00:00:43,159 --> 00:00:46,600 Head serfs that worked on their fiefdoms 8 00:00:46,600 --> 00:00:49,659 It's a system of feudalism 9 00:00:49,659 --> 00:00:52,479 Kings give the nobles land to keep the peace 10 00:00:52,479 --> 00:00:53,780 And defend them 11 00:00:53,780 --> 00:00:55,920 Taking all homage and filth 12 00:00:55,920 --> 00:00:59,619 Knights follow code of chivalry 13 00:00:59,619 --> 00:01:02,719 Like rolling dead during the rain 14 00:01:02,719 --> 00:01:05,659 Charles, the great Charlemagne 15 00:01:05,659 --> 00:01:07,420 Charlemagne, the Frankish conqueror 16 00:01:07,420 --> 00:01:08,959 Crown, holy Roman emperor 17 00:01:08,959 --> 00:01:11,340 Made Saxons, be Christian, built a school 18 00:01:11,340 --> 00:01:13,159 And I hunt for education 19 00:01:13,159 --> 00:01:15,180 To flourish, unify, and Europe 20 00:01:15,180 --> 00:01:17,260 He's a founding father like his grandpa 21 00:01:17,260 --> 00:01:19,599 Charles Martel, the hammer 22 00:01:19,599 --> 00:01:22,319 Defended Gaul 23 00:01:22,319 --> 00:01:25,739 At Tours he held the Muslim wars off 24 00:01:25,739 --> 00:01:28,879 Too bad the Frankish kingdom got divided 25 00:01:28,879 --> 00:01:32,500 By his great grandson, Louis the Pious 26 00:01:32,500 --> 00:01:35,560 Then Northmen from Scandinavia 27 00:01:35,560 --> 00:01:38,459 Plumbed dirt and founded Normandy 28 00:01:38,459 --> 00:01:42,060 Absorbed French language and culture 29 00:01:42,060 --> 00:01:45,060 Crossed the English Channel, the winded Hastings 30 00:01:45,060 --> 00:01:48,700 William led that invasion 31 00:01:48,700 --> 00:01:52,040 The conqueror king of England 32 00:01:52,040 --> 00:01:55,500 His Normans and the Saxons 33 00:01:55,500 --> 00:01:58,359 Mixed language, now that's what I'm speaking 34 00:01:58,359 --> 00:02:01,879 Back then you lowly serfs needed to mind your manners 35 00:02:01,879 --> 00:02:05,319 Your crops were the Lord's and you'd never be landowners 36 00:02:05,319 --> 00:02:08,699 Just like King John would tax unfairly and demand more 37 00:02:08,699 --> 00:02:11,759 His vassals couldn't stand it no more 38 00:02:11,759 --> 00:02:14,860 In 1215 they made him sign a great charter 39 00:02:14,860 --> 00:02:18,219 It would protect their rights known as the Magna Carta 40 00:02:18,219 --> 00:02:21,419 Inspiring governments from India to America 41 00:02:21,419 --> 00:02:25,060 With equal rights, fair trial, and the rule of law 42 00:02:25,060 --> 00:02:28,060 It's a good thing cause Europe's such a small continent 43 00:02:28,060 --> 00:02:31,659 With kingdoms cramped up like nuns in a convent 44 00:02:31,659 --> 00:02:34,939 Crusades opened doors to Eastern goods and trade spreads 45 00:02:34,939 --> 00:02:38,500 But bring home rants with fleas and the bubonic plague spreads 46 00:02:38,500 --> 00:02:41,159 Black Death lowered Europe's population 47 00:02:41,159 --> 00:02:44,379 One third died of the Great Plague 48 00:02:44,379 --> 00:02:47,939 God's anger's thought to be the reason 49 00:02:47,939 --> 00:02:51,020 Persecute the Jews like they did in the Crusades 50 00:02:51,020 --> 00:02:54,500 And Eastern Orthodox Christians 51 00:02:54,500 --> 00:02:57,759 With no Pope since the Great Schism 52 00:02:57,759 --> 00:03:01,219 Really hated what the Crusades did 53 00:03:01,219 --> 00:03:03,900 Like the Muslims getting driven out of Spain 54 00:03:03,900 --> 00:03:05,800 But to get into 55 00:03:05,800 --> 00:03:08,900 The Iberian Peninsula 56 00:03:08,900 --> 00:03:12,740 You'll have to cross the Pyrenees or 57 00:03:12,740 --> 00:03:16,060 Go on a Mediterranean sea tour 58 00:03:16,060 --> 00:03:20,900 These mountain chains keep European regions separated 59 00:03:20,900 --> 00:03:24,259 The Caucasus and Euro regions block them off from Asia 60 00:03:24,259 --> 00:03:27,460 But the rivers, fjords and waterways enable trading 61 00:03:27,460 --> 00:03:30,740 To grow their wheat they clear the trees out there's deforestation 62 00:03:30,740 --> 00:03:34,219 And you know how fertile the North European plain is 63 00:03:34,219 --> 00:03:37,439 With temperate land and gear the climate makes for good vacations 64 00:03:37,439 --> 00:03:40,699 It's a rich continent but don't leave the dark ages 65 00:03:40,699 --> 00:03:44,000 Don't need a renaissance and a church reformation 66 00:03:44,000 --> 00:03:47,259 Saints churches and gothic cathedrals 67 00:03:47,259 --> 00:03:50,199 Monks learning in monasteries 68 00:03:50,199 --> 00:03:53,560 Pope Urban II's crusaders 69 00:03:53,560 --> 00:03:56,800 Taking back Jerusalem with the Byzantines 70 00:03:56,800 --> 00:04:00,340 Vassals pledging lords their allegiance 71 00:04:00,340 --> 00:04:03,900 Had serfs that worked on their fiefdoms 72 00:04:03,900 --> 00:04:06,879 It's a system of feudalism 73 00:04:06,879 --> 00:04:09,740 Kings give the nobles land to keep the peace 74 00:04:09,740 --> 00:04:11,060 And defend them