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Buddhist Cosmology, the Borobudur Temple Compound.

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The island of Java, Indonesia,

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Mount Merapi, meaning red fire, is an active volcano.

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The temple complex was rediscovered by the British in 1814.

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It is known as Borobudur among the local people.

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The base is a 1,200-square-metre terrace topped with six tiers.

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The walls are adorned with numerous Buddha reliefs.

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The total length of the galleries, when placed end-to-end,

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stretches for five kilometres.

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Borobudur was probably built between the 8th and 9th centuries.

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The exact purpose of its construction is not clear.

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One theory is that the complex represents Buddhist cosmology.

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It's a mandala.

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A group of reliefs hidden at the back of limestone at the base

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were discovered in 1885.

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It was a significant discovery.

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The words ugly face are inscribed in ancient Javanese script.

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It describes the earthly world dominated by greed.

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The monument represents the three worlds of Buddhist cosmology.

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The base level is the world of desire.

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The world of forms is above.

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Then comes the world of formlessness, the highest level of enlightenment.

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As visitors walk across the gallery, they enter the world of forms.

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They can see images of people trying to achieve mastery over worldly desires.

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The daughters of the author of evil opposed to Buddha are trying to seduce him.

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He absorbs himself in meditation, convinced they are illusions of his own mind.

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As visitors progress and reach the top level,

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the gate to the world of formlessness awaits.

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Stupas appear amid the world of formlessness.

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72 are neatly lined.

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Statues of Buddha are hidden inside.

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They can be glimpsed through the grate.

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There is a 10-meter high stupa at the top of the monument.

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Standing right at the center of the stupa,

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standing right at the center of Borobudur,

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it encourages Buddhists the world over to strive for enlightenment with diligence.