1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:04,179 Welcome to the first in this series of videos on the module of International Digital Trade, 2 00:00:04,519 --> 00:00:08,080 which belongs to the second year of the vocational training cycle Higher Technician 3 00:00:08,080 --> 00:00:13,880 in International Trade. In this first didactic unit, Introduction to International Digital Trade, 4 00:00:14,300 --> 00:00:18,879 Context and Institutions, we intend to give a general vision of the characteristics of the 5 00:00:18,879 --> 00:00:23,379 international digital trade and the great amount of opportunities it offers in the process of 6 00:00:23,379 --> 00:00:28,699 internationalizing the company. In this way, an overview on the opportunities and features of 7 00:00:28,699 --> 00:00:32,700 international digital trade will be given, as well as a visit through the web pages of the 8 00:00:32,700 --> 00:00:37,179 most representative institutions, where we will see how to obtain some information that helps us 9 00:00:37,179 --> 00:00:43,219 make decisions on exporting. During the last decades, the world has been experimenting with 10 00:00:43,219 --> 00:00:48,219 lots of changes at a very high speed. New realities displace one another with almost 11 00:00:48,219 --> 00:00:52,920 no time for society to get used to and familiar with the previous ones, or to make the most of 12 00:00:52,920 --> 00:00:58,179 their profitability. Success will happen to those individuals and businesses who are able to foresee, 13 00:00:58,179 --> 00:01:03,200 adapt, and prepare themselves for the next change that, no doubt, will happen before expected. 14 00:01:04,140 --> 00:01:08,640 From the point of view of international trade, two factors in the future development of businesses 15 00:01:08,640 --> 00:01:13,379 should be pointed out. The first one is globalization, the term that the Spanish 16 00:01:13,379 --> 00:01:17,739 Royal Academy defines as the process through which economies and markets, together with the 17 00:01:17,739 --> 00:01:22,159 development of the communication technologies, acquire a worldwide dimension, so that they 18 00:01:22,159 --> 00:01:27,340 increasingly depend on external markets. The second one is the generalization of information 19 00:01:27,340 --> 00:01:33,340 and communication technologies, and their expansion as a force behind international 20 00:01:33,340 --> 00:01:40,219 transactions. The interconnection of international markets and the generalization of the use of 21 00:01:40,219 --> 00:01:44,659 technology mean a great market opportunity, an obvious opportunity for the company's 22 00:01:44,659 --> 00:01:48,920 internationalization, and, therefore, for the international digital trade field. 23 00:01:50,040 --> 00:01:54,420 The internet makes it possible to move from a traditional trade model to a virtual one, 24 00:01:54,420 --> 00:01:58,959 in which we can carry out the same actions taken in any decision-making process for purchases 25 00:01:58,959 --> 00:02:03,299 with no need to move or to consider timetables and with increasing security 26 00:02:03,299 --> 00:02:09,020 digital or electronic trade comprises those economic transactions carried out through the 27 00:02:09,020 --> 00:02:14,319 internet it has its own features taking into account the separation in space and time existing 28 00:02:14,319 --> 00:02:19,479 between the buyer and the seller they are availability from anywhere at any time global 29 00:02:19,479 --> 00:02:24,259 range by offering products in international markets, saving costs by reducing the number 30 00:02:24,259 --> 00:02:30,379 of intermediaries, impossibility to touch or try a product. Thanks to the development of the 31 00:02:30,379 --> 00:02:34,740 international digital trade we can get to know the potential of foreign markets, reach our target 32 00:02:34,740 --> 00:02:39,620 audience more directly and personally and, consequently, we can grow as a company at an 33 00:02:39,620 --> 00:02:45,340 international level. In any case, we must always consider that an electronic sale to a third-party 34 00:02:45,340 --> 00:02:49,539 country is an export, therefore it will be essential to become informed about the applicable 35 00:02:49,539 --> 00:02:55,300 law in the destination country, according to the type of product. Generally, a series of questions 36 00:02:55,300 --> 00:03:00,439 may arise when considering exportation of a product. Does my product have potential in 37 00:03:00,439 --> 00:03:07,900 foreign markets? In which ones? Should I adapt it? How can I reach my clients, international fairs, 38 00:03:08,139 --> 00:03:13,479 direct or reverse trade missions, or online marketing actions? Can I finance the export? 39 00:03:13,479 --> 00:03:21,479 Where can I find aid, maybe in the official credit institute, foreign trade institute, in the Spanish Chamber of Commerce, or through crowdfunding campaigns? 40 00:03:22,479 --> 00:03:26,789 Are there any barriers to exporting or duties in the destination country? 41 00:03:27,789 --> 00:03:31,789 What is the required documentation in the destination country? 42 00:03:32,789 --> 00:03:34,789 Which transport documents should I use? 43 00:03:34,789 --> 00:03:41,969 should i use digital media will allow us access to information and institutions in order to answer 44 00:03:41,969 --> 00:03:46,490 most of these questions by significantly reducing the time and the costs to get those answers 45 00:03:46,490 --> 00:03:52,349 the internet will allow the exporter to obtain information training and help in three big areas 46 00:03:52,349 --> 00:03:58,969 information search for potential markets entry barriers aid product promotion potential 47 00:03:58,969 --> 00:04:05,509 distributors, etc. Communication, through digital communication media which, as we will see later, 48 00:04:05,729 --> 00:04:10,830 can be owned, paid and earned, web page, social media like Facebook, Instagram and LinkedIn, 49 00:04:11,169 --> 00:04:18,420 blogs, forums. Commercialization through the strategy of e-commerce at an international level. 50 00:04:19,420 --> 00:04:24,399 In this context there exist some international and national bodies that the exporting company 51 00:04:24,399 --> 00:04:30,100 must know. The entities with supranational character are, World Trade Organization, 52 00:04:30,480 --> 00:04:35,980 United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, Organization for Economic Cooperation and 53 00:04:35,980 --> 00:04:39,579 Development, International Chamber of Commerce. 54 00:04:39,579 --> 00:04:45,060 The entities with national character are, Secretary of State for Trade, Spanish Institute 55 00:04:45,060 --> 00:04:50,399 for Foreign Trade, Chambers of Commerce Industry and Shipping. 56 00:04:50,399 --> 00:04:54,759 Let's get to know each of them in greater detail and the possibilities they offer, the 57 00:04:54,759 --> 00:05:00,300 World Trade Organization is the international organization in charge of the rules 58 00:05:00,300 --> 00:05:06,899 that regulate trade among countries. The agreements made by the WTO have been negotiated and signed 59 00:05:06,899 --> 00:05:11,420 by most of the countries that take part in world trade with the aim that trade exchanges 60 00:05:11,420 --> 00:05:17,399 are made as fluently, predictably, and freely as possible. The World Trade Organization 61 00:05:17,399 --> 00:05:23,439 offers interesting possibilities when analyzing export markets. In the statistics section 62 00:05:23,439 --> 00:05:31,680 we will find quantitative information related to economic and commercial policies in the economic 63 00:05:31,680 --> 00:05:37,680 studies and analysis section there is research on lots of topics of interest and in the section of 64 00:05:37,680 --> 00:05:42,959 publications there are commercial profiles of the countries which contain information on imports and 65 00:05:42,959 --> 00:05:48,079 exports or products and services as well as the activity of the country in the management of 66 00:05:48,079 --> 00:05:54,240 patents and brands. Educational resources such as videos and documents can also be found. 67 00:05:56,560 --> 00:06:00,480 UNTACT is the main body of the United Nations for Trade and Development. 68 00:06:01,439 --> 00:06:07,279 For the exporter, the statistics part is especially interesting. It contains data, 69 00:06:07,279 --> 00:06:12,639 country profiles, both general and specific to the situation of maritime transport, 70 00:06:12,639 --> 00:06:17,680 and infographics that we can find useful when creating a presentation in a more visual way. 71 00:06:17,680 --> 00:06:25,300 let's move to the data section because here it is very interesting that the data can be exported 72 00:06:25,300 --> 00:06:32,720 we can screen data according to the factors we are interested in as a sample we can go to trade 73 00:06:32,720 --> 00:06:39,379 structure and generate a matrix from the year 2016 to the year 2021 and we can filter later 74 00:06:39,379 --> 00:06:45,040 through aspects such as geographical areas or a specific country if we select individual economies 75 00:06:46,000 --> 00:06:51,600 Also, if we want some information on imports or exports, or on the years we are interested in. 76 00:06:52,560 --> 00:06:55,839 If we want to save this information, we can export the table. 77 00:06:56,800 --> 00:06:59,920 Another filter that can be interesting is type of product. 78 00:07:00,879 --> 00:07:04,639 Here it can be seen that we can even search for a specific type of product. 79 00:07:05,600 --> 00:07:08,959 I'm going to introduce, for instance, women's clothes, 80 00:07:08,959 --> 00:07:12,000 and the table will be displayed again with those updated data. 81 00:07:14,519 --> 00:07:18,120 Let's visit the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, 82 00:07:18,620 --> 00:07:23,819 whose goal is to promote policies that favor prosperity, equality, opportunities, and 83 00:07:23,819 --> 00:07:29,899 well-being. In the homepage, we can find relevant news on different topics, many of them about 84 00:07:29,899 --> 00:07:35,720 international trade. In the countries section, we can find information that helps us make decisions 85 00:07:35,720 --> 00:07:41,480 when exporting to a specific country. For instance, if we do some research on Australia, 86 00:07:41,480 --> 00:07:45,920 we will see that there are plenty of economic data, statistics, indicators, 87 00:07:46,399 --> 00:07:51,300 and predictions about trade that can help us decide if it is a good target country for our products. 88 00:07:53,399 --> 00:07:58,899 International Chamber of Commerce. This is an international body that promotes the opening 89 00:07:58,899 --> 00:08:04,959 of international trade and investment as well as a market economy. The inquiries section can 90 00:08:04,959 --> 00:08:11,120 be highlighted. There, we can either make an inquiry ourselves or revise inquiries by other 91 00:08:11,120 --> 00:08:19,120 users either on Inca terms or banks, insurances and payment methods. As national institutions, 92 00:08:19,620 --> 00:08:25,459 the Secretary of State for Trade stands out primarily. It is part of the Ministry of Industry, 93 00:08:25,860 --> 00:08:31,819 Trade and Tourism. As you can see, there is a menu on the left where we can find statistics, 94 00:08:32,279 --> 00:08:38,259 publications and reports as we have seen on the other sites. There is also a section for AIDS, 95 00:08:38,259 --> 00:08:43,980 international fairs, and awards. If we look at the internationalization strategy. 96 00:08:45,340 --> 00:08:50,519 Part, the section countries with strategic sector performance or PACE is especially useful. 97 00:08:51,559 --> 00:08:56,879 There, we will find a selection of 12 countries with a strategic performance in certain fields, 98 00:08:57,240 --> 00:09:03,600 with potential for Spanish companies. If we click on Brazil, for example, we will see why it is 99 00:09:03,600 --> 00:09:08,899 interesting to invest there for spanish companies what are the spanish trade relations like the 100 00:09:08,899 --> 00:09:16,580 strategic sectors and the planned actions the spanish institute of foreign trade also dependent 101 00:09:16,580 --> 00:09:21,799 on the ministry of industry trade and tourism has the mission of promoting companies competitiveness 102 00:09:21,799 --> 00:09:27,639 if we surf its website the first thing we find is the possibility to access information either 103 00:09:27,639 --> 00:09:33,240 through sectors or through countries if we go to the field of non-alcoholic beverages for example 104 00:09:33,240 --> 00:09:37,299 and we click on search, will be shown the events that are currently open for enrollment. 105 00:09:38,399 --> 00:09:42,179 If we go to all our services, we'll see all supporting programs and services, 106 00:09:42,639 --> 00:09:48,139 the funding for internationalization, and business opportunities. There is also a section for new 107 00:09:48,139 --> 00:09:52,379 exporters where programs and supporting services are offered to companies that want to start 108 00:09:52,379 --> 00:09:58,279 exporting. In the training and education section, virtual classroom, there is a quite original space 109 00:09:58,279 --> 00:10:03,700 called tips where through videos we will be given some tips on how to export to and negotiate with 110 00:10:03,700 --> 00:10:10,580 different countries the spanish chamber of commerce the spanish chamber of commerce through 111 00:10:10,580 --> 00:10:15,100 its network of official territorial chambers of commerce is in charge of supporting spanish 112 00:10:15,100 --> 00:10:20,980 companies as far as foreign trade is concerned we count on the program of international expansion 113 00:10:20,980 --> 00:10:27,120 for smes spanned and on business cooperation committees there are two other relevant entities 114 00:10:27,120 --> 00:10:31,860 for exporters whose aim is to facilitate that companies interested in exporting can find all 115 00:10:31,860 --> 00:10:38,960 the necessary information very visually in one single website. The ITC or Intrasyn is a joint 116 00:10:38,960 --> 00:10:44,559 body from the World Trade Organization and the United Nations. Its main goal is to help companies 117 00:10:44,559 --> 00:10:48,620 from developing countries to become more competitive in the global market and to accelerate 118 00:10:48,620 --> 00:10:56,100 their economic development. On the other hand, the Global Trade Help Desk is an initiative from 119 00:10:56,100 --> 00:11:01,100 several agencies whose objective is to simplify the market research for companies, especially for 120 00:11:01,100 --> 00:11:06,000 micro, small, and medium-sized companies, through the integration of commercial and business 121 00:11:06,000 --> 00:11:11,440 information in one single website. We will delve into both entities in subsequent videos.