1
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Hi, you must be the Treehouse Detectives.

2
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And you are Dr. Peary?

3
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I'm afraid so.

4
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What's that plane behind you?

5
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I've never seen anything like that before.

6
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Well, it's an ER-2. It's a NASA research aircraft used at high altitude.

7
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What kind of research does NASA do with this plane?

8
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Well, this plane has high-powered cameras, and they can see a wide variety of phenomena,

9
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including hurricanes, volcanoes, earthquakes, and it can also monitor ozone.

10
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You mean you actually fly into a volcano when it's erupting?

11
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Oh, no. It would do a lot of damage to an airplane like this.

12
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But how can this cause damage?

13
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Well, this isn't so much the problem.

14
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This lava rock gets ground up into fine particulate material like this.

15
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This is volcanic ash. This is the problem.

16
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That's really light.

17
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Where are most of the volcanoes located?

18
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There are active volcanoes in every ocean basin on almost every continent in the world.

19
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Most volcanoes are underwater and form along ridges as ocean basins spread away from them.

20
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Sometimes volcanoes form in the middle of continents and ocean basins as hot spots heat up plates.

21
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Plates?

22
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The Earth's crust is actually broken into pieces that we call plates.

23
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In fact, another place where volcanoes form is where one plate goes underneath another plate,

24
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and that happens in the Pacific Ocean.

25
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Are you talking about the Ring of Fire?

26
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The Ring of Fire is a ring of volcanoes that surround the Pacific Ocean where the continents meet the ocean basin.

27
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We learned that Mount Luminous is a cinder cone.

28
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Could you tell us more about cinder cones?

29
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Sure.

30
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For instance, when cinder cones form, the magma is so sticky that the gas stays trapped inside it

31
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until the pressure builds so much that it just literally explodes.

32
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When it explodes, it forms lots of pyroclastic material, which is really sharp.

33
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Maybe we're getting a little closer.

34
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Thanks, Dr. Peary.

35
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We learned so much about volcanoes.

36
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Well, I hope this information gives you your answer.

37
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Thank you so much.

38
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Good luck.

39
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Bye.

40
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Bye-bye.