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Hi, let's take a test on programming, how programs work.

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So, this animation shows a program, yes, not a flowchart, and a program running.

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It's a program, but in this case the program is running.

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Okay, each block of this program represents two answers, a step, a step on the process, yes,

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an instruction, yes, instructions in the program

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it's not a process, algorithm or flowchart

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ok, the same program

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two answers, in this program

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what the program does is to draw a square, a simple

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square, the user doesn't enter anything

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because everything is here, internally

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in the program, let's see, so there is no input

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data, yes, the user enters, the user

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doesn't enter anything, there is no output, there is an output, a square

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there is no end, yes, we have here the stop

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and the output is a square, good, the output we said

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is a square and the length of each

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side is 200 steps

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okay so it's a 200 by 200 step square

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and instead of a square if we want to draw a rectangle

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we need to change something

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we need to change not the first move 200 steps

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but the second one instead of 200, 300

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so we need to change two blocks

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move 200, 2 move 300. Odd and even numbers. Odd numbers are 1, 3, 5, 7. Even numbers are 2, 4, 6, 8.

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Okay, have a look at the program and if the user enters number 1, the output has to say,

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the output has to be

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1 is an even or odd number

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we said odd numbers are 1, 3, 5

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so the output has to be

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1 is an odd number

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1 is an even, 1 is an odd number

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the same, but instead of 1, 4

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4 is an even number

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2, 4, 6

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so 4 is an even number

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the same, have a look

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and when the user enters number 3, that is a not number

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the repeat until block is repeated

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repeat until block, this is the repeat until block

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this block, ok, so when we enter

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number 3, okay, n is 3, so, is not 0, no, minus 1, so, no, no, and now n is 3, minus 2, is 1, and go back, here, go back, is n, now is 1,

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0, minus 1, minus 1, no, so no, no, that is the second time we are doing this

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and n now is 1, minus 2, that is minus 1

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so n goes back again, and now n is minus 1

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so we stop, we don't have to do this

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So how many times did the program run this loop?

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Two times, twice

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Two times

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Now we enter number 6

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Let's see

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n is number 6

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No one of these

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So no, no, no, no

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One time

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6 minus 2 is 4

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And back

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Now, no, no, no, no, no, second time

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4 minus 2 is 2, and back

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No, so no, no, no, no, no, that is the third time

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2 minus 2 is 0, go back

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When n is 0, we don't repeat again, so 3 times

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We repeat the sequence 3 times

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Comparing numbers

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So, in this program the inputs, the inputs is what the user enters, and what the user enters is number 1, enter number 1, and enter number 2. Number 1, number 2, the variables. So, number 1 and number 2.

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Possible outputs for this, so we compare two numbers

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and the output is what the program shows

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and the program says, okay

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number one is less than number two, or they are the same number, they are equal

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or number one is greater

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than number two, these are the three possible outputs

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less than

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the same number, and greater than

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we are using the same program

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the user enters 3 and 7, number 1 is 3

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number 2 is 7, and the inputs are

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they are the same number, here we have a problem

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because the inputs are 3 and 7

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no, this one

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comparing the same program and now the output

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and we say that the inputs are number 3 and 7

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so 3 is less than 7, do we have this?

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yes, 3 is less than 7, so this one

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loops, this is a loop, a repeated sequence

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ok, this program draws, ok, if we repeat 4 times

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move 150 and we turn 90 degrees

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four times what we draw is a square a square 150 step square 150 by 150 steps

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square the same loop select extraction would you would change to draw now not

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150 but 90 by 90 so there we need to repeat four times and we need to turn

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90 degrees the only instruction we need to change is move 150 and now we draw a

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rectangle sorry a triangle and we need to select two instructions so for a

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a triangle we need to repeat not four times but three so this is one of them

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and the triangle is 150 the same as this but instead of turning 90 degrees we

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need to turn 60 degrees but we need to change this this one odd numbers list a

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a list of odd numbers, so the variables n and odd are, let's see

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set n to 10 and odd to 1 is one

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action that the program internally

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does, so the user

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doesn't enter these numbers, so they are internal

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variables, not input, not output, internal

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Have a look, variable n is used to end, n initially is 10, and the loop is from repeat until n is 0

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and what we do is to create a list of 10 odd numbers, it says that

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So what is n? The number of the quantity of numbers the program shows, odd numbers, the quantity. They control the numbers of time, the process is repeated, good, store odd numbers, no, store even numbers, no, store the number the user enters.

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the user doesn't enter anything, so it has to be this

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and odd, as we said here

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the 10 odd numbers, the first value for

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odd is 1, and look

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odd here is 1 plus 2

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3, the second number, and later on, odd is

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3 plus 2, 5, 5 plus

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2, 7, 7 plus 2, 9, so

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odd is the variable that stores the odd numbers

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ok, when n is 8

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odd is, let's see, when n is

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10, odd, the first odd number

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is 1, so let's see how it works

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and the first time we go through these

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loop is n is 10 minus 1 is 9

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and odd is 1 plus 2 is 3, 9

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3, again repeat, now is

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9 minus 1 is 8 and odd is

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3 plus 2 is 5, when n is 8

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odd is 5, and we finish

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excellent, thank you