1 00:00:16,300 --> 00:00:28,100 Chemical reactions happen in laboratories and in nature. 2 00:00:28,100 --> 00:00:38,100 During a chemical reaction, the atoms within substances are rearranged and joined together in different ways. 3 00:00:38,100 --> 00:00:52,340 The substances that start a reaction are called reactants, and what they produce is called the product. 4 00:00:52,340 --> 00:01:01,789 the new substance can only be separated by another chemical reaction so simple separation 5 00:01:01,789 --> 00:01:10,430 methods like filtration evaporation and distillation won't work several things 6 00:01:10,430 --> 00:01:19,280 indicate that a chemical reaction might have taken place energy change 7 00:01:19,280 --> 00:01:33,519 color change the production of gas and the formation of a precipitate a solid produced 8 00:01:33,519 --> 00:01:42,480 when two solutions are combined the chemical reaction called combustion produces heat and 9 00:01:42,480 --> 00:01:53,939 light and new substances like smoke and ash for burning to take place there must be oxygen fuel 10 00:01:53,939 --> 00:02:04,680 such as wood and heat oxidation occurs when oxygen is added to a substance some metals 11 00:02:04,680 --> 00:02:16,300 like iron become rusty and food begins to discolor and break down fermentation takes 12 00:02:16,300 --> 00:02:23,900 place without oxygen. It involves breaking down a substance by adding microorganisms to it. 13 00:02:27,219 --> 00:02:37,659 This is how dough rises. Fermentation is also used to make yogurt from milk. 14 00:02:42,180 --> 00:02:49,139 The next time you sit in front of a fire or see an old rusty car, 15 00:02:51,509 --> 00:02:59,030 think of the chemical reactions involved and how everything in life is constantly changing.