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Algebra and Telescopes - Contenido educativo

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Subido el 28 de mayo de 2007 por EducaMadrid

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NASA Connect Segment discovering algebra and how algebra is used in telescopes. Explores Galileo's fifteenth century telescope and the Milkyway Galaxy.

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Today we're in Baltimore, Maryland, and this is the Maryland Science Center. 00:00:00
It's home to the Hubble Space Telescope's National Visitor Center, and it's a lot of fun. 00:00:05
It has three floors of hands-on experiments to get students like you interested in astronomy. 00:00:10
Let's go on in and check it out. 00:00:15
Excuse me, sir. 00:00:18
Today's show is called Algebra, Mirror, Mirror on the Universe, and this mirror right here. 00:00:20
It's the same size as the primary mirror on the Hubble Space Telescope, but more on the Hubble later. 00:00:34
First, let's learn about algebra. 00:00:41
Algebra? What's algebra? Sounds scary. 00:00:44
It's really not. Let me show you. Can you read this graph? 00:00:48
I bet you didn't know that when you're reading graphs, you're doing algebra. 00:00:52
Algebra is used to describe a relationship between two or more things. 00:00:57
For example, in this graph, we can say that the number of pizzas is related to the number of people served. 00:01:01
The more pizzas you have, the more people you can serve. That's a relationship. 00:01:09
In fact, this graph shows a linear relationship. 00:01:13
A linear relationship means that the points on the graph appear to form a straight line. 00:01:17
Of course, there are lots of relationships in math, but since these examples don't form a straight line, they aren't linear. Got it? 00:01:22
So, looking at this graph, how many people would one pizza serve? 00:01:30
Let's set up a table to show the relationship we see in the graph. 00:01:35
Let's label our table like this. 00:01:40
n equals the number of pizzas, and p equals the number of people served. 00:01:42
According to our graph, one pizza serves two people. That means there are two servings in one pizza. 00:01:49
For our purposes, this number of servings, two, doesn't change. It's called a constant. 00:01:57
How many people would be served if you have two pizzas? 00:02:03
What about three pizzas? 00:02:07
You should begin to see a pattern developing. 00:02:10
Now, what if you were planning a sleepover, and your mom got carried away and ordered 215 pizzas? 00:02:13
How many people would you have to invite to your slumber party? 00:02:21
Remember the pattern we saw in the graph and table? 00:02:25
Let's use the pattern we saw in the table to set up the relationship. 00:02:28
In algebra, letters called variables help us solve algebraic equations. 00:02:33
Remember how we used the letters n and p in the table to represent the number of pizzas and the number of people being served? 00:02:38
Using those variables, we can set up an equation like this. 00:02:46
n, which is the number of pizzas, times the number of servings in one pizza, equals p, which is the number of people served. 00:02:49
Okay, what do we know? 00:02:59
Well, remembering that there are two servings in one pizza, and that your mom ordered 215 pizzas, we can substitute those numbers like this. 00:03:01
215 times 2 equals p. 00:03:12
According to our graph, you will have to invite 430 people over for your slumber party. 00:03:16
Better tell your mom to cool it. 00:03:23
So you see guys, algebra isn't scary at all. 00:03:26
In fact, algebra is used to solve problems much tougher than the one we just did. 00:03:29
And remember, there are lots of ways to do problems algebraically. 00:03:34
Absolutely. Now that we've gotten a taste of algebra, let's learn more about telescopes. 00:03:37
1608 was a happening year. 00:03:44
In that year, the Italian scientist Galileo became one of the first humans to view celestial objects with the newly invented telescope. 00:03:47
Galileo improved on the design to see objects ten times more clearly than ever before possible. 00:03:56
With his primitive telescope, Galileo saw many thousands of previously invisible stars that make up part of our galaxy. 00:04:02
The ancient Greeks named our galaxy the Milky Way, because most of its visible stars appear overhead on a clear, dark night as a milky band of light extending across the sky. 00:04:11
Hmm. How many galaxies do you think are in the universe? 00:04:23
Maybe a couple trillion? 00:04:27
Well, I know there's at least one. 00:04:29
340 billion. 00:04:32
Those are all good guesses. To get the real answer, stay tuned, because later on in the show, 00:04:34
you'll have the opportunity to estimate the number of galaxies in the universe with our web activity. 00:04:39
During the centuries following Galileo's discoveries, scientists created telescopes of increasing size and complexity. 00:04:44
For more information on telescopes and something called optics, let's visit Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama. 00:04:52
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Idioma/s:
en
Materias:
Matemáticas
Niveles educativos:
▼ Mostrar / ocultar niveles
      • Nivel Intermedio
Autor/es:
NASA LaRC Office of Education
Subido por:
EducaMadrid
Licencia:
Reconocimiento - No comercial - Sin obra derivada
Visualizaciones:
284
Fecha:
28 de mayo de 2007 - 16:52
Visibilidad:
Público
Enlace Relacionado:
NASAs center for distance learning
Duración:
05′ 01″
Relación de aspecto:
4:3 Hasta 2009 fue el estándar utilizado en la televisión PAL; muchas pantallas de ordenador y televisores usan este estándar, erróneamente llamado cuadrado, cuando en la realidad es rectangular o wide.
Resolución:
480x360 píxeles
Tamaño:
30.31 MBytes

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