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Destination Tomorrow - Episode 6

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Subido el 28 de mayo de 2007 por EducaMadrid

338 visualizaciones

NASA Destination Tomorrow Video containing five segments as described below. NASA Destination Tomorrow Segment describing NASA's Child Safety Alert System for automobiles. NASA Destination Tomorrow Segment explaining how NASA uses flight simulators to ass

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My Outro For My 20th Birthday 00:00:00

Coming up on Destination Tomorrow, NASA is preparing new Mars exploration missions that 00:00:30

might help explain many unanswered questions about the Red Planet. Plus, a new device developed 00:00:42

at NASA will give parents a second set of eyes, keeping their children safer. And we 00:00:48

meet a retired NASA engineer whose revolutionary design helped launch America into the space 00:00:53

age. All this and more, next on Destination Tomorrow. 00:00:58

Hello everyone, I'm Steele McGonigal. And I'm Kara O'Brien. Welcome to Destination Tomorrow. 00:01:06

This program will uncover how past, present and future research is creating today's knowledge 00:01:11

to answer the questions and solve the challenges of tomorrow. In the near future, NASA is planning 00:01:15

a series of new Mars exploration missions aimed at finding out more about the Red Planet. 00:01:20

Newer, larger, unmanned rover vehicles will be able to travel much farther than previous 00:01:25

missions, acting as geological surveyors exploring the surface of Mars. 00:01:30

NASA planners expect to land two identical rovers in different regions on the planet's 00:01:35

surface. The twin rovers will be exploring Mars' climate history while searching for 00:01:39

organic materials and signs of water and life. 00:01:43

Tonya St. Romain finds out more about NASA's new Mars rover and its incredible journey 00:01:46

to the Red Planet. 00:01:51

For hundreds of years, humans have dreamed of exploring the planet Mars. One important 00:01:57

reason for this is that, other than Earth, Mars is the planet with the most hospitable 00:02:02

climate in our solar system. The climate on Mars is so hospitable, in fact, that many 00:02:06

scientists believe that liquid water may have once flowed over its surface, harboring primitive 00:02:11

bacterial life. 00:02:17

In an effort to investigate these intriguing possibilities, NASA's planned several new 00:02:18

Mars exploration missions. NASA planners hope these missions will help explain many unanswered 00:02:23

questions about the Red Planet and how those answers will affect us here on Earth. I spoke 00:02:28

with Preysen Desai from NASA Langley Research Center to find out more. 00:02:34

In mid-2003, two Mars exploration rovers will be launched to explore the surface of Mars. 00:02:39

You may remember the Pathfinder mission from a few years ago. These are very similar, but 00:02:44

have some major differences. The Pathfinder mission had a lander, which acted as a base 00:02:48

station, and a small rover, which was about a foot and a half in length. The 2003 rovers 00:02:52

have many more instruments and will be able to traverse much longer distances on the surface 00:02:57

of Mars. These new rovers will act like mobile field geologists. 00:03:01

This mission is actually very exciting compared to previous missions. For the first time, 00:03:07

the rovers will be able to go much greater distances away from the lander, and for the 00:03:11

first time we could also go to a hill on top of it and see what's over it. And so we would 00:03:15

be able to cover a lot more different areas and see different geological features to try 00:03:20

to get a better understanding of how Mars is evolving in those regions. 00:03:24

Preysen, what's the process of getting the rovers to Mars? 00:03:28

Well, Tonya, the rovers will be launched on Delta rockets in June and July of 2003. The 00:03:32

rockets will provide the appropriate speed needed to get the spacecraft to go to Mars. 00:03:37

The spacecraft consists of a cruise stage, which supply the communications and power 00:03:44

during the seven-month journey to Mars, and a lander, which has the rover inside it. 00:03:50

Upon arrival at Mars in January 2004, the landers are separated and enter the Martian 00:03:58

atmosphere. 00:04:08

Once the lander enters the Martian atmosphere, the aeroshell design will slow the entry from 00:04:09

12,000 miles per hour to about 900 miles per hour. A parachute will then deploy, further 00:04:13

slowing the spacecraft. 00:04:21

Then, airbags will inflate around the craft to cushion the landing. 00:04:36

About 600 feet above the surface, retro rockets will fire, slowing the craft even further. 00:04:44

Once the spacecraft stops rolling, the airbags will deflate and pedals will open up, bringing 00:04:54

the lander to an upright position. 00:04:59

Since the rovers carry all of their instruments on board, they'll be able to start exploring 00:05:01

the planet almost immediately without having to stay close to the lander. 00:05:06

How will the rovers be commanded? Will they be driven by remote control from Earth? 00:05:12

Actually, the controllers from the Earth will only command the rovers to specific soil and 00:05:16

rock targets. It'll be up to the rovers to find their own way to get there. 00:05:21

The reason we have to do this is because a signal from Earth takes too long to get to 00:05:25

Mars to have us operate them by remote control. As a result, the rovers must be able to operate 00:05:28

autonomously. 00:05:34

We will decide, based on information we get from the cameras and instruments that are 00:05:35

sitting on the rover, where are good sites to go to and then command the rovers to go 00:05:39

there. 00:05:42

We hope the rovers will be able to travel up to a half a mile from the landing site. 00:05:43

Okay, so once a rover gets to a rock of interest, how will it examine it? 00:05:47

The rovers have many different instruments on there that allow us to examine the rocks 00:05:51

down to the microscopic level. 00:05:55

Once we analyze this type of information, we can tell a lot of different things about 00:05:57

Once we analyze this type of information, we can tell a lot of different things about 00:06:02

the rock themselves, like their mineralogy, elemental chemistry, their surface texture. 00:06:05

This type of information will give us evidence of ancient environmental conditions and the 00:06:11

possibility of some type of biological activity occurring. 00:06:15

Recent satellite images of Mars show geologic features like channels, which support the 00:06:18

theory that liquid water once flowed over the surface. 00:06:22

Today, the Martian temperature is too low and the atmosphere too thin for liquid water 00:06:25

to exist on the surface, but many scientists believe that liquid water may still exist 00:06:30

below the surface of Mars where temperatures are not as harsh. 00:06:34

If the rovers find convincing evidence of liquid water on Mars, then it's also possible 00:06:38

they may find proof of life on Mars as well. 00:06:44

There's a lot of evidence that there's frozen water just below the surface of Mars, 00:06:47

and a lot of these missions that we're trying to go to Mars in the next few years, 00:06:51

is trying to get a better understanding of how much water is there, 00:06:55

and is it in the liquid form near the surface somewhere. 00:06:58

Three billion years ago, Mars and Earth were very much alike. 00:07:01

Mars was, at that time, much wetter and much warmer than it is now, and something has happened. 00:07:04

So by trying to get a better understanding of how Mars' environment has evolved, 00:07:09

it will give us a better understanding of potentially how the Earth's environment would evolve, 00:07:13

and give us an idea of how it's going to change in the future. 00:07:16

So by studying Mars, it may be able to tell where our future is headed in this case? 00:07:20

Exactly. The reason we are exploring Mars, and other places in the solar system for that matter, 00:07:24

is to help answer two fundamental questions. 00:07:29

One, to explain the formation and evolution of our solar system and the Earth within it, 00:07:33

and two, to seek the origins of life and its existence beyond the Earth. 00:07:37

During the next decade, Mars will be the solar system's most popular travel destination. 00:07:42

There are plans for nearly a dozen Mars missions being planned by three countries, 00:07:46

the United States, Russia, and Japan. 00:07:50

Coming up, a new device developed by NASA might help parents and caregivers keep an electronic eye on their children. 00:07:53

But first, did you know that the Viking 1 spacecraft was the first craft to land on the Martian surface on July 20, 1976? 00:07:58

With its companion craft, Viking 2, the two landers analyzed atmospheric and weather conditions, 00:08:06

collected soil samples, and took over 56,000 pictures of the planet's surface. 00:08:11

Unfortunately, in recent years, there has been an alarming increase in deaths of infants and small children 00:08:17

after being left unattended inside a vehicle. 00:08:23

A new device developed at NASA may help to stop this disturbing trend from growing further. 00:08:26

Inspired by aircraft flight test technology, 00:08:31

the Child Presence Sensor has been designed to help prevent these tragic deaths from ever occurring again. 00:08:34

Jennifer Pulley finds out more. 00:08:40

According to a national non-profit safety organization called Kids and Cars, 00:08:48

81 infants and small children died last year while being left unattended in and around a vehicle, 00:08:54

up nearly 100% from the previous year. 00:09:00

In many cases, parents simply forget they've left their children unattended. 00:09:05

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Autor/es:

NASA LaRC Office of Education

Subido por:

EducaMadrid

Licencia:

Reconocimiento - No comercial - Sin obra derivada

Visualizaciones:

338

Fecha:

28 de mayo de 2007 - 17:04

Visibilidad:

Público

Enlace Relacionado:

NASAs center for distance learning

Duración:

09′ 10″

Relación de aspecto:

4:3 Hasta 2009 fue el estándar utilizado en la televisión PAL; muchas pantallas de ordenador y televisores usan este estándar, erróneamente llamado cuadrado, cuando en la realidad es rectangular o wide.

Resolución: