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Barcelona: Sustainable Energy City

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Subido el 16 de julio de 2007 por EducaMadrid

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Barcelona, city of sun and sustainable energy Everywhere in Europe, energy consumption increases, yet our supply of fossil fuels will not last forever and we need to find sustainable solutions. Several European cities have focused on renewable energies and have developed global concepts of sustainability. One of these, Barcelona has a unique regulation in the area of solar energy: the "Solar Ordinance". This decrees that all new buildings should use thermal solar energy for their hot water use. But that's not all. Everywhere around the city, the municipality promotes photovoltaic energy, a technology which allows the generation of electricity through the conversion of sunshine. Thanks to a collective political ambition, this Catalan capital is achieving a far more rational use of energy. This kind of initiatives is supported by different programmes of the European Commission, including the Campaign for an Energy Sustainable Europe 2005-2008. This Campaign will give a strong signal to political opinion makers, to private and public investors as well as to European citizens: to invest in renewable energies. This video report filmed in Spain in june 2005 illustrates the sustainable energy policy of Barcelona, one of the pioneer European cities, which has already achieved a genuine change in its energy supply. Interviews: Imma Mayol, Deputy Mayor and Chair of the Sustainability, Barcelona Toni Pujol Barcelona Energy Agency Pilar Blanco, une habitante de Barcelona Fernando Torras, Patronat Municipal Ignacio Doval, Manager Technologies, Barcelona Infrastructures Josep Acebillo, Commissioner for Infrastructures and Urbanism, Barcelona Patrick Genard, Architecte

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Barcelona has on average 2,800 hours of sunshine every year. 00:00:00
At the start of the new century, the city administration decided to make the most of this major energy advantage 00:00:05
and become the first European city with bylaws to promote the use of solar thermal energy. 00:00:11
Since then, the city has developed an overall strategy for sustainable energy, 00:00:16
a great illustration of the new Sustainable Energy for Europe campaign. 00:00:20
An example of this overall strategy is the Sustainability Barcelona 2004 project, 00:00:24
which won an award for best urban development project during a previous campaign. 00:00:29
Now the new European campaign for 2005 to 2008 is inviting others to take inspiration from the Catalan capital 00:00:34
with its intelligent use and production of energy. 00:00:42
For the last five years we've had a solar thermal energy bylaw. 00:00:48
It's a regulation which insists on the incorporation of solar thermal energy in all new buildings 00:00:52
as well as those being comprehensively renovated. 00:00:57
To manage this overall policy, the administration turned to the Barcelona Energy Agency, 00:01:04
a consortium made up of a number of local institutions 00:01:09
directly involved in sustainable energy and environmental management. 00:01:12
To promote solar energy in the city of Barcelona, 00:01:19
the energy agency is supporting both solar photovoltaic and solar thermal energy. 00:01:22
First of all, the municipal agency is leading by example 00:01:27
in that all municipal buildings are equipped with solar receptors. 00:01:30
Secondly, the agency is available to advise anyone who wants to use this sort of energy. 00:01:34
And lastly, we get the word out to individuals, organizations and associations 00:01:39
so that they can do their bit to promote solar energy. 00:01:44
Since the solar regulation came into force, 00:01:53
the fitting of solar thermal installations has increased by 1400%. 00:01:56
The bylaw states that all social housing in Barcelona must use solar power. 00:02:01
Pilar Blanco lives in social housing in the city centre. 00:02:05
Solar energy provides most of her hot water requirements. 00:02:08
I use solar energy for everything. 00:02:15
This is real progress. 00:02:18
For washing vegetables, washing fruit too, 00:02:21
for potatoes, for washing up, for cooking. 00:02:24
It saves time and for people who work it's a fast system 00:02:30
and it's a real savings as you don't use electricity. 00:02:33
100% of Pilar's hot water requirements are met in the summer. 00:02:43
In winter she has to rely partially on electricity. 00:02:47
At that time of year the solar installations cover 40% of her needs. 00:02:50
This considerable energy contribution is provided through the receptors 00:02:54
positioned on the terrace of her apartment block. 00:02:58
When the temperature of the hot water inside the homes 00:03:04
is lower than the temperature that we have in the receptors, 00:03:07
a pump starts up which sends the water into the apartments. 00:03:11
It's important to distinguish between solar thermal systems 00:03:18
and solar photovoltaic systems. 00:03:21
The first are used to heat water, the second to generate electricity. 00:03:23
Photovoltaic systems are normally connected to the grid 00:03:27
and in Spain, just as with hydroelectricity or wind power, 00:03:30
the energy produced is sold to electricity companies 00:03:33
at a higher price than non-renewable electricity. 00:03:36
To promote its use, the city has built a new system 00:03:41
To promote its use, the city has built one of the largest 00:03:45
urban power stations in Europe, the solar pergola. 00:03:48
Overlooking the sea, it's 112 meters long, 50 meters wide. 00:03:51
It works on the principle that photovoltaic cells 00:03:55
are able to convert the photons in rays from the sun 00:03:58
into electrical tension. 00:04:01
How is it done? 00:04:07
Well, there are a number of very small cells inside this photovoltaic panel 00:04:08
which, because of the materials they're made from, 00:04:13
these components are stimulated electronically 00:04:16
and that produces a current. 00:04:19
A current which at the moment is a continuous current 00:04:21
equivalent to a battery. 00:04:24
One or two volts for each of the photovoltaic cells. 00:04:27
Alongside the large pergola, there are two other smaller 00:04:34
pergola-shaped structures, also covered in photovoltaic solar panels. 00:04:37
In all, enough electricity is generated to supply around 1,000 homes. 00:04:41
These three energy generators are the centerpieces of a new district 00:04:46
known as the Barcelona Forum, 00:04:50
a totally renovated urban zone of around 100 hectares 00:04:52
which integrates both clean energy production 00:04:55
and intelligent energy use. 00:04:58
We've created an urban network which provides hot water, 00:05:02
heating and cooling, 00:05:05
all from the residual heat from the municipal waste treatment plant. 00:05:08
The result is that all the buildings in this new area, 00:05:13
all the public buildings, are heated and cooled by this plant. 00:05:17
Let's take another example of the promotion of photovoltaic energy, 00:05:25
this time from the private sector. 00:05:28
On the outskirts of Barcelona, in Esplugues de l'Obregat, 00:05:30
the Imagina TV studios have a semi-transparent roof 00:05:33
of around 1,000 square meters. 00:05:36
This is a novel architectural and engineering approach 00:05:39
to not use solar panels but instead integrating silicon sheets 00:05:42
in the shell of the building by means of double glazing. 00:05:46
This covers the restaurant, the patio and the top storey offices. 00:05:49
Here we've tried to use one single element which is effective 00:05:56
but, much more interestingly, has different functions. 00:05:59
It's watertight, airtight, transparent. 00:06:03
It filters light, transforms excess light into energy 00:06:06
and even conditions the air through this sort of air chamber 00:06:09
which functions as an evacuation channel 00:06:13
to evacuate the excess energy which accumulates in the solar panels. 00:06:17
There are many examples of buildings using solar photovoltaic energy 00:06:29
in this integrated way in the Barcelona region. 00:06:33
Take, for instance, the library in Mataró. 00:06:36
A real commitment has been made to use this kind of energy 00:06:38
in an urban environment in the Catalan capital, 00:06:41
even though the production of photovoltaic elements 00:06:44
involves state-of-the-art technology which does not come cheap. 00:06:46
One particular point to remember when considering solar photovoltaic energy 00:06:51
is that we're looking at something long-term. 00:06:55
There's no point in looking at short-term costs. 00:06:57
You must consider its viability from a perspective of 10, 15 or 20 years, 00:06:59
just as we have to do with sustainable development. 00:07:03
It's no use just looking at the instant benefits 00:07:06
but rather the long-term benefits. 00:07:08
In Europe, energy consumption is increasing. 00:07:12
Our dependence on fossil fuel with its mounting cost 00:07:14
is having a big impact on our economy and on the environment. 00:07:17
Sustainable solutions such as the use of renewable energy 00:07:21
and energy saving are vital. 00:07:24
We have a 10-year energy plan from 2002 to 2012. 00:07:28
The aim is to reverse current trends and reduce energy consumption by 17%, 00:07:33
as well as reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 20%. 00:07:38
There are 56 programmes in this plan, 00:07:44
which range from transport to waste disposal, 00:07:46
including buildings and policies to reduce household energy consumption, 00:07:50
while also increasing awareness among citizens. 00:07:54
The efforts of Barcelona and other cities and towns 00:08:00
committed to a policy of sustainable development 00:08:02
are encouraged and supported by the European Commission 00:08:05
through its campaign Sustainable Energy for Europe 2005-2008, 00:08:08
a campaign which aims to persuade political decision-makers, 00:08:13
public and private investors and European citizens 00:08:16
to invest in renewable energy and energy efficiency 00:08:19
and to manage energy in an intelligent and sustainable way. 00:08:23
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Idioma/s:
en
Niveles educativos:
▼ Mostrar / ocultar niveles
      • Nivel Intermedio
Autor/es:
The European Union
Subido por:
EducaMadrid
Licencia:
Reconocimiento - No comercial - Sin obra derivada
Visualizaciones:
1946
Fecha:
16 de julio de 2007 - 14:59
Visibilidad:
Público
Enlace Relacionado:
European Commission
Duración:
08′ 29″
Relación de aspecto:
4:3 Hasta 2009 fue el estándar utilizado en la televisión PAL; muchas pantallas de ordenador y televisores usan este estándar, erróneamente llamado cuadrado, cuando en la realidad es rectangular o wide.
Resolución:
448x336 píxeles
Tamaño:
43.85 MBytes

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