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1º ESO/MESOPOTAMIA ART AND HISTORY - Contenido educativo

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Subido el 17 de octubre de 2020 por Alicia M.

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Researchers and archaeologists describe Mesopotamia as the cradle of civilization. 00:00:01
It was the birthplace of agriculture, mathematics, the written word, the world's first cities, 00:00:08
government, and even the simple invention that changed the world, the wheel. 00:00:13
Not only were Mesopotamians extremely innovative and intelligent, they were also great artisans 00:00:17
and architects. 00:00:23
Mesopotamia was one of the oldest civilizations and also one of the longest lasting. 00:00:27
It first began with the Sumerians in 3500 BC. 00:00:32
The Akkadians followed the Sumerians, and they themselves were seceded by the Amorites. 00:00:36
This civilization was alive and flourishing until 1500 BC. 00:00:41
After this time, this great civilization went into decline, 00:00:46
finally coming to an end somewhere around 700 BC. 00:00:50
Mesopotamian art was created primarily for worship, the government, and personal use. 00:00:54
It included everyday items like pottery and weapons, and status symbols like jewelry. 00:00:59
Common characteristics of Mesopotamian art are the repetition of simple patterns and characters, 00:01:06
and natural and religious symbolism. 00:01:11
Popular materials used to create art were clay, precious metals, precious stones, and shells. 00:01:15
When you look at Sumerian sculptures, you will find one really interesting aspect. 00:01:22
They appear to be made primarily out of cones and cylinders. 00:01:28
The arms and legs are smooth and rounded, 00:01:32
and the skirts and garments are often found flaring into a conical shape. 00:01:35
One fundamental intention of Mesopotamian art was to honor the gods and goddesses 00:01:40
who ruled over different aspects of nature and important life events like love, war, and fertility. 00:01:45
The central place of worship in Mesopotamia was the ziggurat, 00:01:51
a stepped pyramid with stairs leading to an altar where worshippers would elevate themselves closer to the heavens. 00:01:55
The earliest known ziggurat is the monumental Ziggurat of Ur, created around 2100 BC, 00:02:03
and located in the same city as the epic hero Gilgamesh. 00:02:10
This ziggurat was built to honor the moon god Anana, the patron god of the city-state. 00:02:15
In 575 BC, King Nebuchadnezzar II commissioned the Ishtar Gate. 00:02:20
The gate was constructed with brilliant blue glazed bricks 00:02:27
meant to resemble the precious stone Lapis Lazuli 00:02:30
and was decorated with colorful glazed paintings of powerful beasts. 00:02:33
Ishtar was the goddess of love, fertility, and war, 00:02:39
and by honoring and invoking her in the Ishtar Gates, 00:02:43
Babylonians hoped for blessings and protection in these areas. 00:02:46
Much like the Egyptians, the Mesopotamians believe that their rulers had a direct link to their gods. 00:02:50
This is why many of their art pieces that depicted their kings and rulers showed them in a glorified manner. 00:02:57
The importance that Mesopotamians gave to art is very clear when you see the Code of Hammurabi. 00:03:04
This set of rules or guidelines which the ruler Hammurabi intended for his subjects to follow was presented in artistic form. 00:03:10
These codes tell us that the Mesopotamians had an eye-for-an-eye system of justice. 00:03:16
The codes were engraved into stone tablets and crowned with a sculpture showing Hammurabi in deep discussion with the divine. 00:03:23
Hammurabi wanted his subjects to know that he came up with the code after consultation with the gods, 00:03:31
so they would be more likely to follow the rules. 00:03:36
Jewelry from this period also gives us the indication of how skilled the Mesopotamians were with metal. 00:03:40
They made ankle bracelets, hair decorations, pendants, and amulets. 00:03:45
These were sported by Mesopotamians belonging to every social class. 00:03:50
The artistic skill of the Mesopotamians is evident in the delicate filigree work, 00:03:54
engraving, etching, and several other techniques that were used to create their jewelry. 00:03:59
Another accessory worn by wealthy Mesopotamians were cylinder seals invented around 3500 BC. 00:04:05
sea. These stone cylinders were pierced lengthwise like beads and carved with a signature unique to 00:04:11
their owner. Cylinder seals were worn on a string or pin as a status symbol and rolled across wet 00:04:18
clay as a signature. It may not be wrong to say that the Mesopotamians attempted to glorify 00:04:24
everything by means of artistic representation, whether it is the Hammurabi Code where the king 00:04:30
is seen on friendly terms with the divine, the murals depicting the subject's greatness, or the 00:04:35
complex gemstone and precious metal jewelry that people wore. 00:04:41
Mesopotamian cuneiform was the world's first script impressed on clay tablets. 00:04:46
The Egyptians would go on to develop this in their own system of hieroglyphs on papyrus. 00:04:52
They would also adapt many elements of Mesopotamia's artistic legacy. 00:04:58
Mesopotamia left an artistic legacy of stepped pyramid ziggurats, historical murals, and 00:05:04
monumental sculptures. 00:05:09
These paved the way for the Egyptians. 00:05:11
Subido por:
Alicia M.
Licencia:
Dominio público
Visualizaciones:
255
Fecha:
17 de octubre de 2020 - 16:37
Visibilidad:
Público
Centro:
IES LA SENDA
Duración:
05′ 37″
Relación de aspecto:
1.78:1
Resolución:
1920x1080 píxeles
Tamaño:
149.67 MBytes

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