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WHAT WAS FEUDALISM - Contenido educativo

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Subido el 25 de octubre de 2020 por Alicia M.

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Feudalism is a term invented in the 19th century to describe how society was structured during the High Middle Ages, 00:00:00
that's between 1000 and 1300 AD. 00:00:07
The feudal system was based on the exchange of land and services. 00:00:13
Under the feudal system, all the land in the kingdom belonged to the king. 00:00:17
He would then parcel out large estates to great lords known as tenants-in-chief 00:00:21
in exchange for their military and political support. 00:00:26
These great lords then parceled out smaller portions of the land to lesser lords on similar terms 00:00:29
who did the same to local lords, who did the same to peasants 00:00:35
The feudal system had its own vocabulary 00:00:39
A king or lord who gave land to a lesser lord became the latter's overlord 00:00:43
The person receiving the land became the vassal of the person who granted it 00:00:48
and the land itself was called a fief 00:00:54
A vassal was not necessarily a minor figure. 00:00:56
Everyone in the feudal system below the king was a vassal, even the greatest lords in the land. 00:01:01
Even the king of England was a vassal to the king of France, for the lands he had inherited there. 00:01:07
By the later Middle Ages, though, feudalism had largely disappeared from Europe. 00:01:14
This was the result of a number of factors. 00:01:19
Firstly, medieval kings grew less reliant on their great lords to provide soldiers for their armies, 00:01:22
turning instead to professional paid soldiers. 00:01:27
This weakened the bonds of feudalism built on the obligation to provide military service. 00:01:30
Secondly, the Black Death, which arrived in England in 1348, 00:01:37
significantly reduced the population available to work the land. 00:01:42
Those who were lucky enough to survive the epidemic had increased bargaining power 00:01:46
and could increasingly choose where they worked and demand higher wages. 00:01:50
This meant that the nobility gradually lost their control over the lower and middling ranks in society, 00:01:55
who could now afford to buy their own land. 00:02:00
Finally, increasing urbanization and a greater reliance on a money economy rather than a land economy 00:02:04
also contributed to the decline of feudalism. 00:02:10
So to recap, the great lords were no longer expected to provide military service to the king, 00:02:15
the peasants were increasingly free to live and work where they wanted, 00:02:21
and money replaced manpower as the key agent of economic and political power. 00:02:26
Whilst feudalism declined in England from the 14th century onwards, 00:02:31
it was not formally abolished until the Ten Years' Abolition Act of 1660. 00:02:35
In other European countries, the end of feudalism came much later. 00:02:40
France abolished feudalism after the 1789 Revolution, 00:02:45
and Russian peasants had to wait until 1861 to be made free. 00:02:49
Amazingly, the last remaining traces of feudalism in the British Isles 00:02:55
made it into the 21st century, 00:02:59
until finally abolished by the Scottish Parliament in June 2000 00:03:02
with the Abolition of Feudal Tenure Act to take effect in November 2004. 00:03:05
Subido por:
Alicia M.
Licencia:
Dominio público
Visualizaciones:
118
Fecha:
25 de octubre de 2020 - 16:35
Visibilidad:
Público
Centro:
IES LA SENDA
Duración:
03′ 22″
Relación de aspecto:
1.78:1
Resolución:
1920x1080 píxeles
Tamaño:
88.49 MBytes

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