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Exercise In Space - Contenido educativo
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NASA Connect Segment explaing how astronauts exercise in space and how they endure long-duration space flights. The video also explores ways of measuring levels of fitness.
Now let's focus our attention on exercise.
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You know, exercise and nutrition go hand in hand.
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Dr. Don Hagen, the exercise lead in the Human Adaptations and Countermeasures Office
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at NASA Johnson Space Center, can tell us more.
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Hello. Jennifer is correct.
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Good nutrition and exercise are interconnected.
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My job as the exercise lead in the Human Adaptations and Countermeasures Office
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here at the Johnson Space Center is to work with a team of specialists
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to determine the exercise requirements for astronauts in long-duration spaceflight.
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A long-duration spaceflight can be anywhere from months on the International Space Station
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to years if we ever travel to other planets.
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Before I continue, let's take a look at the following questions.
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Why is it important for astronauts to exercise in space?
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Do astronauts have to be elite athletes to endure a long-duration spaceflight?
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Explain.
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What are some of the ways you measure your level of fitness?
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Students, as your teacher pauses the program,
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take a few minutes to answer and discuss the questions with your class.
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When astronauts work in the International Space Station,
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they are working in a microgravity environment.
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They appear to be floating in the ISS.
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The apparent weightless environment places a reduced load on the leg and back muscles.
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Astronauts hardly use their leg muscles in space.
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The lack of muscle activity can cause the muscles to weaken or reduce in size.
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We call this muscle atrophy.
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It is possible astronauts on long missions may lose up to 25% of their muscle mass
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while working in space.
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The loss of muscle mass and strength during these missions
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could pose dramatic problems when they return to Earth.
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Muscles support the bones in your body,
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and if you have a combination of weak muscles and weak bones,
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can you imagine the harmful effects your body could face?
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To prevent muscle atrophy, astronauts must be in good physical condition
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while here on Earth or working in space.
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Do astronauts need to be elite athletes?
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There are no physical requirements to be astronauts
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other than you have to be healthy and pass a physical examination.
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Astronauts perform physical conditioning on a regular basis as part of their training.
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This also applies to them when they are working in space.
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The NASA team is responsible for pre-flight, in-flight, and post-flight
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exercise performance testing for all astronauts.
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We want to make sure astronauts are in good shape before they go into space,
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lose the least amount of muscle mass while in space,
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and rehabilitate their whole body when they return from space.
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We can conduct research to measure the muscle performance of astronauts
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by simulating an apparent weightlessness environment here on Earth.
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Any ideas on how we can do that?
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Exposure to spaceflight is very similar to prolonged bed rest.
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Remember, a cause of muscle atrophy in space is lack of muscular activity.
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That's why bed rest is a good model because it minimizes activity,
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and like astronauts, you lose muscle mass primarily in the legs.
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During prolonged bed rest, the body gradually degrades
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and loses muscle mass, bone mass, and endurance capacity.
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Let's look at an example of how we measure muscle performance.
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Suppose we use Norbert as our test subject and want to measure
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his exercise power output during pre-flight, in-flight, and post-flight.
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In pre-flight, we would first have Norbert use a resistive device
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to measure his leg power.
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As you can see in the animation, Norbert's legs are pretty strong.
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He was able to lift 100 kilograms ten times.
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Next, we simulate in-flight testing by putting Norbert in bed
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for an extended period of time, say 20 days.
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During that period, Norbert conducts all his activities in bed
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except for using the restroom.
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On day 20, we measure his leg power again while in bed
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using the same resistive device
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and see that Norbert can only lift 75 kilograms ten times.
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What percentage decrease in leg power did Norbert lose over the 20 days?
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If you say 25%, then you're right.
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After 20 days, Norbert is removed from the bed
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and the rehabilitation process begins to rebuild his leg muscles.
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This is considered post-flight.
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He undergoes an exercise program that will allow him
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to regain the strength he lost in his legs.
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I'm sure glad he purchased that Galactic Fitness 9000 treadmill.
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In reality, the recovery process is different for most astronauts.
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It takes about 30 days for muscle strength and exercise capacity
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to return to normal,
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but bone density may take six months to a year to return to normal.
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The research we conduct in space and here on Earth
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may one day benefit many populations,
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such as the elderly or people who have had major operations
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and are subjected to extended bed rest.
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The important thing for you is that exercise and good nutrition
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help to build strong muscles, bones, and endurance capacity,
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and that both are needed throughout your life
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in order to optimize your health and thus prolong your life.
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Well, Jennifer, back to you.
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And by the way, how is your friend's exercise and nutrition program coming along?
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Well, I think RJ really understands the importance of good nutrition and exercise
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and that they go hand in hand to maintain good health overall.
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At the beginning of the program,
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do you remember RJ saying that his energy level was pretty low?
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Well, energy fuels growth, movement,
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and all the processes in every cell inside the human body.
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You know, now is a good time to go back and visit our friends
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at the New Mexico School for the Deaf
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to see how they're coming along on their second activity, Your Energy Needs,
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and how it applies to RJ's workout.
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- Idioma/s:
- Materias:
- Matemáticas
- Niveles educativos:
- ▼ Mostrar / ocultar niveles
- Nivel Intermedio
- Autor/es:
- NASA LaRC Office of Education
- Subido por:
- EducaMadrid
- Licencia:
- Reconocimiento - No comercial - Sin obra derivada
- Visualizaciones:
- 477
- Fecha:
- 28 de mayo de 2007 - 16:51
- Visibilidad:
- Público
- Enlace Relacionado:
- NASAs center for distance learning
- Duración:
- 06′ 32″
- Relación de aspecto:
- 4:3 Hasta 2009 fue el estándar utilizado en la televisión PAL; muchas pantallas de ordenador y televisores usan este estándar, erróneamente llamado cuadrado, cuando en la realidad es rectangular o wide.
- Resolución:
- 480x360 píxeles
- Tamaño:
- 39.33 MBytes