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Design Safety and Human Factors

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Subido el 28 de mayo de 2007 por EducaMadrid

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NASA Sci Files segment explaining how safety and human factors play a role in design of aircraft and other tools we use.

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Hi, we're the Treehouse Detectives. Are you Ms. Ryan? 00:00:00
Yes, how can I help you today? 00:00:03
We're designing a lift here on a pulley system to help get our friend with a broken foot up into the treehouse. 00:00:04
And we want to make sure that it is safe to use. 00:00:09
Well, you've come to the right place. 00:00:11
I am a safety engineer here at NASA Langley Research Center. 00:00:13
What does a safety engineer do? 00:00:16
Well, we do lots of things, like evaluating projects or jobs to identify potential hazards or risks. 00:00:18
We also develop safety plans and guidelines that help prevent harmful accidents, incidents, or mishaps. 00:00:24
Wow, that sounds like a cool job, and lots of responsibility. 00:00:30
Yes, and we're doing more than developing rules. We're actually protecting people, property, and the environment. 00:00:34
And we need to protect Jacob. What are some things that we should consider? 00:00:39
How much will you be lifting? 00:00:43
About 120 pounds. 00:00:45
You'll need to know if there's a load limit on the ropes, pulleys, or anything else you will be using in the lifting process. 00:00:47
We hadn't thought of that. How do you figure out the load limit? 00:00:52
Most of the time it's printed on the packaging of a product. If not, look for the manufacturer and contact them directly. 00:00:55
We will definitely do that. 00:01:01
Is there a safety catch on your pulley system? 00:01:03
No, I don't think so. 00:01:06
A safety catch or a locking mechanism of some kind are very important in case the people pulling the rope lose their grip. 00:01:08
It would catch and stop the fall of the chair. 00:01:13
We have a lot to check out and to research. 00:01:15
Also, make sure your equipment is in good working order. You don't want to use worn or broken equipment. 00:01:18
And don't forget that we have to make sure the tree limb is strong enough to support Jacob, the lift chair, and the pulley system. 00:01:23
Now you're getting it. And don't forget about testing your equipment before you lift anyone. 00:01:29
We'll be sure to test everything. 00:01:34
You'll also need to consider human factors. 00:01:36
While you're here at the center, you should talk to Dr. Carla Torella. She's a human factors engineer. 00:01:38
Great! 00:01:43
I'll give her a call and let her know you're coming. 00:01:44
Thanks! 00:01:46
You're welcome. And good luck with your project. 00:01:47
Oh, hi, Catherine. Laura Ryan said you'd be stopping by. Have a seat. 00:01:56
How may I help you? 00:02:02
Our friend Jacob broke his foot, and we've designed a lift chair to help him to get into the treehouse. 00:02:03
Ms. Ryan gave us some good suggestions on how to make the chair safer. 00:02:07
But she said that we should also consider the science of human factors. 00:02:11
She said that you could help us with human factors. 00:02:15
I sure can. Human factors is the design of things, spaces, and processes so they fit better with people, 00:02:17
in terms of how people are designed physically and how we process information. 00:02:23
Why is it important? 00:02:27
Well, when things or processes or areas are designed without considering human factors, 00:02:29
they may be really difficult to use, and so they may not be used at all. 00:02:33
So where do you start? 00:02:36
Well, we start with standards and guidelines that are based on scientific principles. 00:02:38
And, for example, they help us understand how the eye works, 00:02:42
which would help us understand what colors to use in our displays. 00:02:45
Oh, I get it. 00:02:48
Then we use what we know is good for human operators, and we get real operators involved in the process. 00:02:49
This is called user-centered design. 00:02:54
What are you working on now? 00:02:55
Well, here at Nesselinger Research Center, we design displays and aiding technologies for airplane cockpits. 00:02:57
We do user-centered design of these concepts by involving real pilots 00:03:02
and testing them in aircraft simulators like this one, the IFD. 00:03:06
What is the IFD? 00:03:09
The IFD is Integration Flight Deck. 00:03:10
The IFD is a copy of the flight deck on the NASA Boeing 757. 00:03:12
We learned that in designing, you have to use the iterative process, 00:03:16
where you test, evaluate, and redesign. 00:03:19
Human factors is sort of like that. 00:03:22
Yes, that's right. 00:03:24
The iterative design process is an important part of user-centered design. 00:03:25
You want to involve users all the way through the process, 00:03:28
from concept formation all the way through to testing in a real environment. 00:03:31
What kind of human factors should we consider for our lift chair? 00:03:34
Well, first you need to define your user population. 00:03:37
Will Jacob be the only one using the chair? 00:03:39
Will other friends use it as well? 00:03:41
We hadn't thought of other users. 00:03:43
It would be nice to have for other people who might need to be lifted. 00:03:45
You need to consider your users' requirements, the design goals, too. 00:03:48
So they may be safety, comfort, usability. 00:03:52
Anything else? 00:03:55
You need to consider the anthropometric characteristics of your users. 00:03:56
Anthropometric? What is that? 00:03:59
Anthropometry is the study of measuring people. 00:04:02
There's static measurements, such as arm length and height, 00:04:05
and then there's functional measurements, such as viewing angle and reach. 00:04:08
Wow, we have a lot to consider. 00:04:11
Thanks, Dr. Lattarella. 00:04:14
Oh, you're welcome. 00:04:15
Let me know how your chair works out. 00:04:17
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Idioma/s:
en
Niveles educativos:
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Autor/es:
NASA LaRC Office of Education
Subido por:
EducaMadrid
Licencia:
Reconocimiento - No comercial - Sin obra derivada
Visualizaciones:
484
Fecha:
28 de mayo de 2007 - 15:32
Visibilidad:
Público
Enlace Relacionado:
NASAs center for distance learning
Duración:
04′ 19″
Relación de aspecto:
4:3 Hasta 2009 fue el estándar utilizado en la televisión PAL; muchas pantallas de ordenador y televisores usan este estándar, erróneamente llamado cuadrado, cuando en la realidad es rectangular o wide.
Resolución:
480x360 píxeles
Tamaño:
25.91 MBytes

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