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Secreción proteinas. Golgi

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Subido el 9 de septiembre de 2010 por Benito H.

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Aparato de Golgi

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Different cells secrete different types of proteins. 00:00:08
Some cells, such as white blood cells, only secrete one type of protein 00:00:22
and are known as unpolarized cells. 00:00:26
Other cells, called polarized cells, secrete several classes of proteins 00:00:30
that are each destined for delivery to a different location. 00:00:34
As seen in the protein modification animation, 00:00:38
some of these proteins can be destined for the endosome. 00:00:40
They are targeted to the endosome by a specific mannose phosphate signal. 00:00:44
Other proteins are destined for delivery outside of the cell. 00:00:49
These proteins are packaged into secretory vesicles and delivered to the cell membrane. 00:00:52
Some secretory vesicles congregate in the cell, awaiting an external signal. 00:00:58
Once that signal is received, the vesicles rapidly fuse with the membrane 00:01:03
and a large quantity of cargo proteins are released simultaneously. 00:01:07
This is called regulated secretion. 00:01:11
During any secretion process, the vesicle fuses with the cell membrane by a process called exocytosis. 00:01:14
Alternatively, secretory vesicles are delivered to the cell membrane after they are formed 00:01:21
and the protein product is immediately released. 00:01:26
This is called constitutive secretion. 00:01:29
The constitutive pathway is required to maintain the cell membrane 00:01:31
and exists in all eukaryotic cells. 00:01:35
This animation focuses on constitutive secretion. 00:01:39
Protein cargo originally from the endoplasmic reticulum 00:01:43
migrates through the Golgi apparatus. 00:01:46
These proteins leave the trans-Golgi network in a secretory vesicle. 00:01:50
Some of these proteins are not modified as they move through the Golgi apparatus. 00:01:54
Unlike modified proteins, 00:01:59
these proteins do not contain any signal 00:02:01
that would direct their transport to a specific intracellular location, 00:02:04
such as the ER, endosome, or previous Golgi cisternae. 00:02:08
These proteins enter the default secretory pathway 00:02:12
and are immediately secreted from the cell. 00:02:15
Because there is no control over their secretion, 00:02:18
this process is called constitutive secretion. 00:02:21
Once the secretory vesicle reaches the cell membrane, 00:02:24
it fuses immediately with the surface membrane 00:02:26
and releases its cargo protein into the extracellular space. 00:02:29
The secretory vesicle itself contributes new lipids and its membrane to the plasma membrane 00:02:34
of the cell. 00:02:40
Certain white blood cells constitutively secrete specific interleukins, which are signaling 00:02:42
molecules, for the purpose of intercellular communication and play an important role in 00:02:47
the function of the immune system. 00:02:52
Cells such as fibroblasts constitutively secrete proteins like collagen and proteoglycans into 00:02:55
the extracellular matrix and play an important role in maintaining the structural integrity 00:03:01
of connective tissues. 00:03:06
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Idioma/s:
en
Autor/es:
Virtual Cell
Subido por:
Benito H.
Licencia:
Reconocimiento - No comercial - Compartir igual
Visualizaciones:
1158
Fecha:
9 de septiembre de 2010 - 9:45
Visibilidad:
Público
Enlace Relacionado:
Benito Hernández Giménez
Centro:
IES MORATALAZ
Descripción ampliada:
   El aparato de Golgi es un orgánulo presente en todas las células eucariotas excepto los glóbulos rojos y las células epidérmicas. Pertenece al sistema de endomembranas del citoplasma celular.    
   Está formado por unos 4-8 dictiosomas, que son sáculos aplanados rodeados de membrana y apilados unos encima de otros, cuya función es completar la fabricación de algunas proteínas.
   Funciona como una planta empaquetadora, modificando vesículas del retículo endoplasmático rugoso. El material nuevo de las membranas se forma en varias cisternas del Golgi. Dentro de las funciones que posee el aparato de Golgi se encuentran la glicosilación de proteínas, selección, destinación, glicosilación de lípidos, almacenamiento y distribución de lisosomas y la síntesis de polisacáridos de la matriz extracelular.
Duración:
03′ 30″
Relación de aspecto:
1.31:1
Resolución:
1024x780 píxeles
Tamaño:
21.21 MBytes

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