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EV 2ESO - 16 The challenges of biomedicine - Contenido educativo
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How is biomedicine challenging our ethics?
Biology and medicine are two fascinating areas of research, but they also raise important ethical questions.
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Some of the most difficult and interesting ethical issues raised by biomedicine are those that are linked with assisted reproduction, stem cells, cloning, and eugenics.
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Assisted reproduction has helped many infertile couples to have children, but it has also produced a lot of spare fertilized eggs.
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In order to improve the chances of a pregnancy, a lot of eggs are fertilized in an assisted reproduction process.
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Those which are not used are stored, frozen, and nobody knows what to do with them.
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The problem is that these eggs can potentially develop and create a human being.
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So what should we do with them?
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Is it correct to destroy them?
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Is it correct to use them in order to do scientific research?
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Is it correct to keep them frozen, stored in a building forever?
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So that's a difficult and tricky ethical debate.
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Stem cells are cells that are found in embryos and that can transform into different types
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of cells, for example muscle cells or nerve cells.
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So they are very useful and scientists are very interested in getting to know more about
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them because they could potentially be used to produce different tissues and eventually
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create organs that can be used to cure diseases.
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The problem is that these stem cells that come from embryos produce a debate, an ethical
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debate.
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Is it more correct to use an embryo to take stem cells from them and later use these cells
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to cure another person?
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The problem comes because the embryo can potentially be transformed into a person.
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if we destroy the embryo to use the stem cells we are stopping this natural
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development that makes the embryo into a person nevertheless today scientists can
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also produce stem cells with different ways not using embryos so that can be
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somehow soft cloning is a technique that is used to reproduce exact copies of an
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organism cloning has been used to produce identical copies of animals like
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the famous Dolly ship and some people fear that if we continue our research
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with cloning scientists might eventually produce human clones creating an
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identical copy of a human being raises tremendous ethical issues it is a big
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big problem so some people are very afraid of this and they thought they think that a cloning
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human cloning should be totally forbidden nevertheless some scientists think that cloning
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can also be used to produce organs and tissues that could help us to cure diseases that today
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cannot be treated so they talk about therapeutic cloning therapeutic cloning
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is different to human cloning because the idea in therapeutic cloning is to
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use cloning techniques to cure diseases not to create copies of human beings and
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it's important that you make this difference and you understand it
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properly finally let's talk about eugenics eugenics is a technique used to
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select organisms in order to improve this species so the basic idea consists
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in encouraging the reproduction of some organisms that are considered superior
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and to make difficult or stop the reproduction of organisms that are called inferior in order
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to improve the race. This is exactly what the Nazis did. The Nazis used these two types of
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eugenics, what we call positive and negative eugenics. Positive eugenics means encouraging
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encouraging people, in this case, that were considered genetically superior or racially
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superior to have a lot of children. And negative eugenics is about making as much as possible to
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stop people who were considered inferior from reproducing. As you know, what the Nazis did
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was to kill a lot of people that were considered racially inferior and also to sterilize people
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they didn't want to reproduce for example people that were mentally ill of
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course today we think about these practices as highly unethical immoral
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and unacceptable because they violate human rights nevertheless some people
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are afraid that a new type of eugenics might develop in the future for example
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if we develop genetic engineering and in the future is possible to decide the
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traits of your children imagine that in a few decades biomedicine has developed
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so much that we can offer our parents to create children with their traits the
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characteristics that they prefer this could be done selecting the embryos
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selecting the engineering that can make them for example tall or blonde or
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intelligent or with blue eyes. What kind of world would we live in if this was
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possible? There would be some children that have been selected or designed by
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their parents while there would be other children that were born like you and me.
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So wouldn't it be a world where naturally born children would be
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discriminated it would probably lead to a society that is hierarchically divided
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into superior people so people that were engineered and inferior people people
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that were born naturally so a lot of people are scared about that and they
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think cloning should be also regulated and some practices forbidden in order to
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stop the darkest side of this kind of research.
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- Idioma/s:
- Autor/es:
- César Prestel
- Subido por:
- César Pedro P.
- Licencia:
- Reconocimiento - No comercial - Compartir igual
- Visualizaciones:
- 78
- Fecha:
- 22 de octubre de 2020 - 17:46
- Visibilidad:
- Público
- Centro:
- IES CERVANTES
- Duración:
- 07′ 06″
- Relación de aspecto:
- 1.78:1
- Resolución:
- 1280x720 píxeles
- Tamaño:
- 412.06 MBytes
