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PRIMARIA - 4º - COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES - INGLÉS - FORMACIÓN

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Subido el 11 de mayo de 2020 por Cp santodomingo algete

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Hello, hello everyone. Today we're going to be talking about comparatives and superlatives. 00:00:00
We use comparative and superlative forms to compare things, people, and actions. 00:00:18
So let's take a look at the first rule here. 00:00:27
It says, we use the comparative form to compare one person, thing, or action to another. 00:00:29
So what does that mean? 00:00:40
It means when we're using the comparative form, we are comparing two things to each other. 00:00:42
So, whenever we have our regular adjectives here, they start with green, tall, fast, and small. 00:00:50
But to make it to the comparative form, all we have to do is add er. 00:01:03
Easy peasy, lemon squeezy. 00:01:09
So, green becomes greener, tall becomes taller, fast becomes faster, and small becomes smaller. 00:01:10
So, let's take a look at the first example here. 00:01:24
It says, the grass is greener in Ireland. 00:01:28
Well, we know that we're using the comparative form because we've added er to green. 00:01:34
Now, even though we can't see the other thing we're comparing Ireland to, we're comparing two things here. 00:01:41
I could continue the sentence and say the grass is greener in Ireland than in Spain, for example. 00:01:49
So I would be comparing Spain and Ireland. 00:02:00
Let's take a look at the second example. 00:02:03
A giraffe is taller than a lion. 00:02:07
Well, in this example, you can see that we're using the comparative 00:02:13
because we've added er to tall, 00:02:17
but also because of this word here, than. 00:02:22
Than lets us know that we're comparing two things. 00:02:27
In this case, we're comparing a giraffe and a lion, and we can see that the giraffe is clearly taller than the lion. 00:02:30
Let's take a look at the third example. 00:02:41
A tiger is faster than a turtle. 00:02:45
We can see that we're using the comparative because we've added er to fast, but also because we see the word than. 00:02:50
And in this example, we're comparing a tiger and a turtle. 00:02:58
And lastly, a spider is smaller than a bird. 00:03:04
Well, we're comparing a bird and a spider, and we know that a spider is much smaller than a bird. 00:03:09
Now let's take a look at the superlative form. 00:03:18
Okay, it says we use the superlative form to compare one thing to all the others in the same category. 00:03:22
So what does that mean? 00:03:45
That means that we're comparing one thing to everything else in the world or in that same category. 00:03:47
So we have our adjectives here, green, tall, fast, and small. 00:03:56
And to make it into the superlative form, all we have to do is add EST. 00:04:06
So green becomes greenest, tall becomes tallest, fast becomes fastest, and small becomes smallest. 00:04:13
So let's look at the first example. 00:04:25
it says the grass is greenest in Ireland. So this means that the grass that we see here 00:04:27
is the greenest grass out of all the grass in the world, which this is Ireland. So let's take 00:04:35
a look at the second example. The giraffe is the tallest animal in the world. So we can see that 00:04:44
we're using the superlative here because we've added est to tall and we're comparing the giraffe 00:04:53
which we have our friend here Mr. Giraffe to all the other animals in the world and it is in fact 00:05:01
the tallest animal. This one says the cheetah is the fastest animal in the world. So we're comparing 00:05:08
the cheetah to all the other animals in the world and we know that it's the fastest. 00:05:19
And lastly, the Vatican City is the smallest country in the world. Well, if we take a look 00:05:26
at our map over here, here we have the Vatican City and we're comparing it to all the other 00:05:35
countries in the world and it is the smallest country. So now we're going to take a look at 00:05:41
some of our irregular forms for comparatives. Okay, it says when adjectives end in e, we drop it 00:05:50
and add er and est. So for example, we have the word large here, and we see that large ends in an 00:06:09
So, I'm going to drop the e and add er for the comparative form and add est for the superlative 00:06:17
form. 00:06:26
So it becomes large, larger, and largest. 00:06:28
And this is for all of our adjectives that end in e. 00:06:32
Next it says, additives that end in one consonant are doubled before adding ER and EST. 00:06:36
So for example, we have red. 00:06:47
And red ends in one consonant because before the D here, there's an E, which is a vowel. 00:06:48
So I double the D and add ER. 00:06:56
So from red, it becomes redder for the comparative form. 00:06:59
and reddest for the superlative form. 00:07:03
Next it says, when adjectives end in Y, 00:07:08
we change it to an I and add ER and EST. 00:07:12
So for example, I have the word juicy. 00:07:19
I will drop the Y and add an I, 00:07:21
and for the comparative form, I add ER. 00:07:26
So from juicy, it becomes juicier, 00:07:30
Juicier, and then for the superlative, juiciest. 00:07:32
And lastly, it says, if a word has two syllables or more, we add more for the comparative form and most for the superlative form. 00:07:37
So, for example, I have the word beautiful, and beautiful has more than two syllables. 00:07:51
It's quite a long word. 00:07:57
So, for the comparative form, all I have to do is add more, so it becomes more beautiful, and then most for most beautiful for the superlative form. 00:07:58
So, here I have some more examples for you guys of how to change adjectives to comparative and superlative forms, especially our irregular adjectives. 00:08:12
For example, fat. We see that fat here ends in one consonant. 00:08:24
So instead of just adding er, first we have to double the t and then add er and est. 00:08:32
Or also, for example, one of our irregular verbs is, well, irregular adjectives, is pretty. 00:08:41
We see that pretty here ends in a Y, so what do we have to do? 00:08:49
We have to drop the Y and add an I and then add ER or EST. 00:08:55
Also, we have some adjectives here that are more than one syllable. 00:09:03
For example, interesting. 00:09:10
Interesting is also quite a long word and has more than two syllables. 00:09:11
So instead of saying interesting-er, which is not a word, we just have to add more to make it comparative and most to make it superlative. 00:09:15
And lastly here, I want to highlight these last two columns or rows. 00:09:28
These are our adjectives that we just have to remember 00:09:36
Because there's no rule for them, they're just special adjectives 00:09:41
Good 00:09:46
Instead of saying gooder and goodest, which is not a word and does not exist 00:09:47
We change good to better for the comparative and best for the superlative 00:09:53
And for bad, we change bad to worse for the comparative and worst for the superlative. 00:10:00
Lastly, I would like to do some examples with you guys. 00:10:12
So, number one says, my house is big than yours. 00:10:17
And we see here that big ends in one consonant, so they doubled it and added er to make bigger. 00:10:23
Now, let's look at the next example. 00:10:32
This flower is beautiful than that one. 00:10:37
Well, we see that beautiful here is more than two syllables. 00:10:43
So, instead of saying beautifuller, we would say more. 00:10:50
Let's make this a bit smaller. 00:10:58
we would say more beautiful. Now how do we know that we use more and not most? Well if you remember 00:11:00
for the comparative form we're comparing two things and we know that we're comparing two 00:11:16
things because of this word here than. Than lets us know that we're going to use more instead of 00:11:23
most. Okay, so number three says this is the interesting book I have ever read. Well, first 00:11:30
we have to think which rule we're going to use. So we see that interesting is also a very long 00:11:40
word. It's more than two syllables. So now I have to decide if I'm going to add more or most. And 00:11:47
because it's comparing this book to all the books he's ever read, we know that we are going to say 00:11:56
that this is the most interesting book I have ever read. Okay, now number four. Non-smokers usually 00:12:04
live long than smokers. Okay, so let's think about which rule we should use here. So this 00:12:20
doesn't end in one consonant, it ends in two consonants. So long is actually just a regular 00:12:33
adjective so we all we have to do is add er non-smokers usually live longer than smokers 00:12:39
and we know that we're using longer and not longest because of this word here than we're 00:12:56
comparing two things, non-smokers and smokers. Okay, so now I want you to actually finish the 00:13:04
rest of the examples on your own in your notebook. 00:13:13
Subido por:
Cp santodomingo algete
Licencia:
Reconocimiento - Compartir igual
Visualizaciones:
159
Fecha:
11 de mayo de 2020 - 13:27
Visibilidad:
Público
Centro:
CP INF-PRI SANTO DOMINGO
Duración:
13′ 29″
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