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2º ESO/IS THE EU WORTH IT OR SHOULD WE END IT? - Contenido educativo

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Subido el 16 de mayo de 2021 por Alicia M.

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Do you think the European Union is worth it? Or should we end it? 00:00:00
Many people feel a strong disconnect with the EU, while others praise its achievements. 00:00:06
Everything considered, is its existence good or bad for Europeans? 00:00:11
Since it looks like the UK is leaving the EU, we'll mostly treat it as if it's no longer part of the club. 00:00:27
The European Union, combining its 27 member countries, has a population of about 450 million people, 00:00:33
making it the third most populous sort of country in the world. 00:00:40
It's the world's second largest economy by GDP and has the biggest single market in the world. 00:00:44
But originally, the creation of the European Union was all about one thing. 00:00:51
Peace. 00:00:55
Europeans are really good at war, so they were embroiled in bloody conflicts for basically all their history 00:00:56
A century-long rivalry between Germany and France alone cost millions of lives 00:01:03
and ran so deeply that Germans invented their own word for it, Erbfeinschaft 00:01:08
After the Second World War, Europeans decided they wanted lasting peace that was not based on a balance of military power 00:01:13
Instead, the economies, politics and peoples of Europe should become so closely interconnected 00:01:21
that war would become both impractical and unthinkable. 00:01:27
The plan worked. Between EU members, we've had over 70 years of peace. 00:01:32
OK, peace is great and all, but what are the European Union's achievements and problems? 00:01:38
Today, EU citizens benefit from many individual freedoms. 00:01:44
EU treaties and regulations ensure easy travel, cheap telecommunications, a great variety of goods and services, as well as very strong health and safety standards. 00:01:48
European institutions are not afraid to pick a fight with companies such as Microsoft, Apple or Facebook about fair competition, tax evasion or data protection. 00:01:58
Through the EU science programmes, the European countries became a collaborative engine that serves as a hub of science in the wider world. 00:02:08
Unrestricted travel and the right to work anywhere makes it easy to apply for 00:02:16
funds and set up international teams of experts with the best equipment. In turn 00:02:20
the EU became the world leader in terms of its global share of science 00:02:25
researchers and produces more than 25% of the world's research output with only 00:02:29
5% of its population. But many citizens feel distrust towards the EU. Brussels 00:02:34
seems far away and untransparent technocratic and difficult to understand 00:02:42
it doesn't help that the EU is terrible at outreach and explaining what it 00:02:47
actually does this disconnect has also led to an ever shrinking voter turnout 00:02:52
over the decades more transparency and accountability are desperately needed if 00:02:57
the EU institutions want the trust of their citizens currently the EU is still 00:03:03
shaken by the refugee crisis of 2015. Some countries have accepted far greater numbers 00:03:09
of asylum seekers than others, while the border countries are overwhelmed and feel left alone. 00:03:14
Other countries are shocked by the initially unregulated mass immigration 00:03:20
and closed their borders, effectively shutting down the largest route into Europe. 00:03:24
The EU's wealth and freedom make it an attractive destination, and this is unlikely to change. 00:03:30
The population is split on how to react to that. 00:03:36
Some argue that Europe let in too many immigrants with a different culture without strictly 00:03:40
demanding integration, while others argue that immigration is not the problem, but that 00:03:44
racism and discrimination of immigrants is preventing integration. 00:03:49
To strike a balance between helping refugees, turning illegal immigrants away and successfully 00:03:54
integrating the ones that stay remains one of the most difficult and controversial challenges 00:03:59
of the Union. 00:04:04
Immigration aside, many more challenges lie in the future, like defense. 00:04:06
Traditionally, European countries have relied strongly on the protection of the US through 00:04:10
NATO. 00:04:14
But in the current political climate, Europe has to ask itself if it really wants to depend 00:04:16
on the United States for its safety. 00:04:21
If combined today, the militaries of EU members could form an effective defensive force and 00:04:23
be the third largest military in the world. 00:04:28
It could save a lot of money, safeguard European borders and enhance cultural understanding 00:04:31
with soldiers from 27 different countries serving one common purpose. 00:04:37
What about money? 00:04:42
Well, it's complicated. 00:04:44
The EU created the largest single market in the world. 00:04:47
Inside it, you can trade border and customs free. 00:04:50
Countries that entered it got a massive boost to their economies. 00:04:54
Even between neighbours, trade increased by up to 500% and there was a steady creation of new jobs. 00:04:57
Research has suggested that joining the EU has left most new members with an average of a 12% higher GDP than if they had remained outside. 00:05:04
And for those regions with weaker economies and poor infrastructure, EU institutions provide billions of euros every year, helping economic investment, infrastructure and social development. 00:05:13
On the negative side, the EU tries to hold together countries with vastly different economies and laws regarding labour, taxes and social security. 00:05:24
The cost of one hour of work in an EU country ranges from 4 euros an hour to 40 euros an hour. 00:05:35
Some countries have large industries and strong exports, while others focus on services, tourism or natural resources. 00:05:42
On top of this, the Euro is the common currency of some, but not all, of these countries. 00:05:48
As the Greek crisis shows, this can be a recipe for disaster. 00:05:55
You cannot unify vastly different economies under one currency, but leave their economic policies separate. 00:06:00
So, should all EU countries unite under the common currency or not? 00:06:07
Should the weakest links be thrown out of the Euro, or should countries be made to adopt common policies on taxes, healthcare and social security? 00:06:12
It's a question that's been brewing for years and is nowhere near a solution. 00:06:21
So, everything briefly considered, is the European Union worth it? 00:06:27
Here is our answer. 00:06:32
The EU is very flawed and still needs a lot of work. 00:06:34
But it's fair to say that the European Union makes Europeans powerful in the world. 00:06:38
Put together, we lead in science, are one of the strongest economic powers, 00:06:42
and could have one of the strongest militaries in the world. 00:06:46
But more importantly, the EU gives us peace, security, and a sense of shared identity. 00:06:49
And something we all crave in these turbulent times – stability. 00:06:55
If we want to protect the values we're so proud of, 00:07:00
a strong European Union is the best way to make sure our voice is heard in the world. 00:07:02
Alone, as small states, we'll hardly stand a chance in a world of shifting superpowers. 00:07:07
What do you think about the EU and its future? 00:07:17
In recent years, the discussion about political topics has become super toxic with sad real-world 00:07:20
consequences. 00:07:25
Let's not do that. 00:07:26
If you don't agree with this video, you're not our enemy, you just have a different opinion 00:07:28
and that's fine. 00:07:32
We're all in the same boat after all, so let's have a fact-based discussion about our future. 00:07:33
Subido por:
Alicia M.
Licencia:
Dominio público
Visualizaciones:
176
Fecha:
16 de mayo de 2021 - 19:35
Visibilidad:
Público
Centro:
IES LA SENDA
Duración:
07′ 42″
Relación de aspecto:
1.78:1
Resolución:
1920x1080 píxeles
Tamaño:
205.88 MBytes

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