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Public Damage

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Subido el 28 de mayo de 2007 por EducaMadrid

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NASA Why? Files segment explaining power companies and what public damage is.

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Hi Catherine, hi Bianca, I'm Warren Walke with Dominion Power. 00:00:00
I understand you want to learn a little bit more about what we do and about public damage. 00:00:06
Yes, what is public damage? 00:00:10
Public damage is when a person causes a power outage. 00:00:12
It might be as far as a car hitting a utility pole or somebody digging in their backyard 00:00:15
hit an underground cable or even vandalism. 00:00:19
So if there's public damage to a power line, it's your job to fix it. 00:00:22
Exactly, we have crews that will go out and restore service to the customer. 00:00:25
Come on, let me show you some things. 00:00:29
Do you know how power gets to your neighborhood? 00:00:33
Yes, we know that it is transmitted from the power plant to our homes. 00:00:35
Exactly, when the generator spins in the power plant, the voltage comes out at about 230,000 volts. 00:00:39
Isn't that a lot higher voltage than what is used in our homes? 00:00:46
Absolutely. 00:00:49
Then why does it have to be such high voltage at the power plant? 00:00:50
Electricity travels much easier over long distances at a higher voltage. 00:00:54
The high voltage electricity travels through wires that string all across the area. 00:00:59
Eventually, these high voltage power lines go into a fenced off area full of large metal boxes, 00:01:04
fat wires, and other stuff. 00:01:09
These areas are called substations. 00:01:11
In a substation, the very high voltage electricity is changed into lower voltage electricity. 00:01:14
Even though the voltage is lower, it is still too high for you to use in your home. 00:01:20
Is there another place where the voltage is even lower? 00:01:24
That's right, there is. It's in your neighborhood. 00:01:27
If you look up on the power pole, you'll see a round gray, looks like a can. 00:01:30
That's a transformer. 00:01:34
They're called transformers because they transform the electricity to just the right voltage for your home. 00:01:36
In other neighborhoods, the wires are underground. 00:01:42
In that case, the transformer is a big green box. 00:01:46
What is the voltage used for our homes? 00:01:49
Eventually, the voltage is stepped down to 240 volts for your large appliances. 00:01:51
That would be like your air conditioner and your clothes dryer. 00:01:56
And then 120 volts, and that would run like your hair dryer or your microwave or your toaster. 00:01:59
Is there a way that we can measure how much energy is used in our homes? 00:02:04
Yes, there's a meter on the side of your house called a kilowatt hour meter. 00:02:08
What is a kilowatt hour? 00:02:12
A kilowatt hour is a measurement of energy. 00:02:14
Kilo means 1,000, so that's 1,000 watts, a kilowatt. 00:02:17
A toaster is a one kilowatt device. 00:02:22
If it were running for one hour, it would use a kilowatt hour of energy. 00:02:25
You can figure out how much energy an appliance will use. 00:02:29
You just take the rating of the appliance in kilowatts, the time it is on continuously, and multiply it. 00:02:32
If a microwave used one kilowatt of power per hour for three hours, that would equal three kilowatt hours. 00:02:39
If we had a three kilowatt device that ran for one hour, would it be the same amount of energy? 00:02:47
Yes, it would, and you can also figure out how much it would cost to run that appliance. 00:02:52
How do we do that? 00:02:56
Ask your parents to show you your utility bill. 00:02:58
On the bill, it will show what you're being charged per kilowatt hour. 00:03:01
For example, let's say the charge per kilowatt hour is five cents. 00:03:04
We have a toaster, a hairdryer, and a microwave. 00:03:08
We'll say that each of these appliances is a one kilowatt device. 00:03:11
How much would it cost to run these appliances for two hours? 00:03:15
Well, a one kilowatt appliance running for two hours would equal two kilowatt hours of energy. 00:03:19
If there were three appliances, that would be a total of six kilowatt hours. 00:03:25
Right, so find the price. 00:03:29
We would multiply kilowatt hours times the cents per kilowatt hour. 00:03:31
That's six kilowatt hours times five cents per kilowatt hour, or 30 cents. 00:03:35
And so by using a little math, you can calculate what each appliance in your home will cost to run. 00:03:42
You can learn more about calculating energy costs at the NASA Wi-Fi's website. 00:03:47
Thanks for telling us about it. 00:03:52
Hey, look over there. 00:03:54
I wonder what that person's painting on the grass. 00:03:56
Oh, that's Mr. Utility. 00:03:58
He provides a service to locate underground cable for people. 00:04:01
Why don't you ask him about his job? 00:04:04
Great, we'll do that. 00:04:06
Thanks for telling us what you do, Mr. Walk. 00:04:08
Sure, I'll see you later. 00:04:10
Bye. 00:04:11
Bye-bye. 00:04:12
Hi, kids. 00:04:13
Hi. 00:04:14
Can we ask what are you doing? 00:04:15
Sure. 00:04:17
I'm working lines on this property to let everyone know that there's an underground power line buried there. 00:04:18
The homeowners had called us up because they're planning on putting in a fence. 00:04:22
They were afraid they would damage some underground utilities. 00:04:26
Hmm. 00:04:28
I wonder what would happen if someone was putting up a fence and they didn't call you. 00:04:30
Hmm, that could be a problem. 00:04:34
Someone can easily damage an underground utility simply because they didn't know it was there. 00:04:36
Would that be considered public damage? 00:04:41
Yes, it sure would. 00:04:43
But Mr. E doesn't have any painted lines in his yard. 00:04:44
And he just finished putting up a fence. 00:04:47
And his house is without power. 00:04:49
I don't remember seeing any lines in his yard either. 00:04:51
Hmm, let me check my list. 00:04:54
No, I don't see a Mr. E on my list. 00:04:56
And you say he's without power? 00:04:58
Yes. 00:05:00
In fact, several houses are without power. 00:05:01
Jim to repair crew. 00:05:05
This is the repair crew. 00:05:06
Go ahead. 00:05:07
We've got a homeowner here who has put in a fence. 00:05:08
He didn't contact us. 00:05:11
I think we've got a power break here. 00:05:12
Maybe there's public damage to the underground line. 00:05:14
We've had a report of an outage of several houses. 00:05:17
We'll check it out. 00:05:19
Thank you. 00:05:20
Hey, kids. 00:05:22
What's happening? 00:05:23
Mr. E, did you call Mr. Utility to find out where your underground power lines were 00:05:24
before you started putting up your fence? 00:05:28
What do you mean? 00:05:30
Mr. E, you should have called us. 00:05:32
I could have easily shown you where the underground power line was 00:05:34
and you could have prevented this power outage. 00:05:37
Oh, man, if I'd have known I was supposed to call you, I would have. 00:05:39
Doesn't Mr. E look kind of familiar? 00:05:42
Hey, man, next time I promise to give you a call, okay? 00:05:45
Mr. E, my crews will make repairs and we'll get the lights back on. 00:05:48
See you later, treehouse detectives. 00:05:51
Bye. 00:05:53
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Idioma/s:
en
Niveles educativos:
▼ Mostrar / ocultar niveles
      • Nivel Intermedio
Autor/es:
NASA LaRC Office of Education
Subido por:
EducaMadrid
Licencia:
Reconocimiento - No comercial - Sin obra derivada
Visualizaciones:
523
Fecha:
28 de mayo de 2007 - 15:34
Visibilidad:
Público
Enlace Relacionado:
NASAs center for distance learning
Duración:
06′
Relación de aspecto:
4:3 Hasta 2009 fue el estándar utilizado en la televisión PAL; muchas pantallas de ordenador y televisores usan este estándar, erróneamente llamado cuadrado, cuando en la realidad es rectangular o wide.
Resolución:
480x360 píxeles
Tamaño:
36.10 MBytes

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