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Mars
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NASA Sci Files segment exploring Mars and how it is similar and different than the Earth.
Oh, hi, Dr. Braun.
00:00:00
Hi, RJ. I hear you want to learn about Mars.
00:00:03
Yes. We're trying to plan the ultimate future travel trip.
00:00:05
One of the places that we wanted to stop on our cruise was Mars.
00:00:09
Mars is an excellent choice because of all the planets in the solar system, Mars is the most like the Earth.
00:00:12
How is it like Earth?
00:00:17
Just like Earth, Mars has a solid surface with mountains, valleys, volcanoes, and even craters.
00:00:19
Mars even has the largest known volcano and canyon in the solar system.
00:00:24
Wow. Those would make great tourist attractions for our travelers.
00:00:28
Isn't Mars smaller than Earth?
00:00:31
Yes, it's about half the diameter of the Earth, but it has the same land area since Earth is covered largely by oceans.
00:00:33
Is there water on Mars?
00:00:39
There's evidence that a vast amount of liquid water flowed across Mars' surface in the past, but there's no liquid water on the surface today.
00:00:41
However, there is frozen water beneath the surface.
00:00:48
Does Mars have seasons just like we do here on Earth?
00:00:51
Yes. Just like the Earth, Mars is tilted on its axis.
00:00:55
It's this tilt that causes the different seasons.
00:00:58
Astronomers have even noticed that the polar ice caps shrink in the Martian summers and get larger during the Martian winters.
00:01:01
What's the atmosphere like on Mars?
00:01:07
Now, that's very different from Earth.
00:01:09
Mars' atmosphere is very thin and has only about one-two-hundredth of the amount of gas that we have on the Earth.
00:01:11
And it's mostly carbon dioxide.
00:01:17
Yes, and the Earth's atmosphere is 21% oxygen, 78% nitrogen, and 1% trace gases.
00:01:19
So I guess we have to bring oxygen for our travelers.
00:01:26
Yes, or you could make oxygen from the water buried beneath the surface of Mars.
00:01:29
That's right. Water is H2O, two-part hydrogen and one-part oxygen.
00:01:33
Right, and because Mars is one-and-a-half times farther from the Sun than the Earth, you better make sure that you're outfitted to withstand the cold temperatures.
00:01:38
I'm wondering if that's going to be a problem.
00:01:45
Because I read that the spacesuits and the backpacks that the Apollo astronauts wore were almost 200 pounds.
00:01:47
Fortunately, the gravity on Mars is less than that of the Earth.
00:01:52
We learned from Mr. Pryor that the Moon's gravity is one-sixth of that of the Earth.
00:01:55
Is Mars less than that?
00:01:59
No, actually, Mars' gravity is about one-third that of the Earth.
00:02:01
To compare them like denominators, first you have to find a common denominator.
00:02:04
For example, with the fractions one-sixth and one-third, the common denominator is six.
00:02:08
Then you multiply one-third by two over two, which is actually one, then get two over six.
00:02:13
Then it's easy to see that two-sixths is greater than one-sixth.
00:02:18
That's right. I have an idea. Let's go see how much you would weigh on Earth and on Mars.
00:02:21
It looks like you weigh 100 pounds here on the Earth, and the spacesuit's 200 pounds.
00:02:28
So what would that be on Mars?
00:02:32
I know you wouldn't weigh 300 pounds, because then you couldn't walk around.
00:02:34
Well, that's right. It would be one-third of 300 pounds.
00:02:37
That's 100 pounds. That's the same as I weigh on Earth.
00:02:40
Oh, that's too bad. I was hoping that if I weighed less, I could jump higher.
00:02:43
Then I'd be a great basketball player.
00:02:48
Right, but if you had an indoor basketball court and didn't need the spacesuit, you'd weigh a lot less.
00:02:50
I can see it now. Basketball camp on Mars. We're guaranteed a slam dunk.
00:02:55
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- Idioma/s:
- Niveles educativos:
- ▼ Mostrar / ocultar niveles
- Nivel Intermedio
- Autor/es:
- NASA LaRC Office of Education
- Subido por:
- EducaMadrid
- Licencia:
- Reconocimiento - No comercial - Sin obra derivada
- Visualizaciones:
- 489
- Fecha:
- 28 de mayo de 2007 - 15:34
- Visibilidad:
- Público
- Enlace Relacionado:
- NASAs center for distance learning
- Duración:
- 03′ 03″
- Relación de aspecto:
- 4:3 Hasta 2009 fue el estándar utilizado en la televisión PAL; muchas pantallas de ordenador y televisores usan este estándar, erróneamente llamado cuadrado, cuando en la realidad es rectangular o wide.
- Resolución:
- 480x360 píxeles
- Tamaño:
- 18.47 MBytes
