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Consequences of Imperialism - Contenido educativo

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Subido el 5 de enero de 2024 por Luis H.

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Hello class, today we are going to analyze the main causes of imperialism. 00:00:00
So you have to analyze one practical exercise related to imperialism. 00:00:08
This part related to the consequence is going to be really useful for you. 00:00:15
As a general rule, broadly speaking, I would say that imperialism was positive for the metropoles, 00:00:21
for the European countries, because they got political power, they became wealthier than before 00:00:31
because they got from Africa and from Asia raw materials and new markets to sell goods 00:00:41
which were key in the second industrial revolution. 00:00:51
However, by contrast, the rivalries between the European countries led to different confrontations 00:00:57
which ended, as you know, in the First World War. 00:01:06
So, also imperialism, now we are going to explain imperialism related to the African and Asian colonies. 00:01:12
I would say that imperialism for the new nations and countries in Africa and Asia was, broadly speaking, negative. 00:01:24
Why? Because the Europeans replaced the local governments by foreigners, by European foreigners. 00:01:36
So the local governments in Africa and in Asia were replaced by foreigners. 00:01:50
And if you remember, those foreigners, those European countries, imposed new borders in the famous conference in Berlin. 00:01:58
So remember, in Berlin, the European diplomats put literally an African map on a table and they drew the new borders. 00:02:10
So this situation led to internal conflicts in Africa. 00:02:25
Because when the European countries drew the new borders in several countries, as they drew the new borders, 00:02:33
different natives who were rivals for centuries, they finally became in the same country. 00:02:46
And this situation led to different internal conflicts and civil wars. 00:02:57
So I would say that in this point, in terms of politics, the Europeans created new countries and drew their borders. 00:03:03
And as well as that, they cut down forests and they turned large, untouched, natural spaces into agricultural areas. 00:03:15
In Africa, all of this changed the landscape and the economic and political structure of the continent. 00:03:28
These changes took place without any consideration for the indigenous people. 00:03:36
So also they didn't take any consideration for the tribal, linguistic and religious differences. 00:03:45
This led to the creation of countries with serious problems and internal cohesion. 00:03:55
Because they were artificial countries created by the Europeans. 00:04:03
For example, when they drew the new border in Sudan, different native tribes who were rivals for centuries, 00:04:10
they ended in the same country. And that explains why Sudan had all of this amount of civil wars. 00:04:22
Also, this situation happened in other countries such as Chad or Nigeria, 00:04:31
which ended in never-ending civil wars due to this moment. 00:04:38
And now we are going to explain the economic consequences of imperialism in the colonies in Africa and in Asia. 00:04:45
Because the Europeans altered the European foreigners from Great Britain, France, Germany, Spain, Portugal, Belgium. 00:04:52
All of them altered, when they were in Africa, the traditional economy based on subsistence agriculture. 00:05:07
They altered this economy based on subsistence. It was the moment when the African farmers or the Asian farmers 00:05:18
produced only products for their own needs. And when the Europeans came, they altered completely, 00:05:29
they changed completely this way of agriculture to an agriculture more modern, but based on exportation. 00:05:39
So the economic interests of the colonizers, of the European colonizers, were imposed on the colonies. 00:05:54
The colonizers, the European colonizers, took over land, they abandoned traditional crops that 00:06:05
ensure the survival of indigenous families, and they replaced them with large plantations 00:06:16
to grow products that benefited the European countries, such as coffee, cotton, fruits, rubber. 00:06:25
So when the Europeans changed and altered completely the economy, they created an economy in Africa 00:06:38
and in Asia for their own sake, or for their own benefit. The main commodity was slavery, so they 00:06:49
trade with people, the European countries, such as Germany, Great Britain, France. They trade, and also 00:06:59
the Muslim countries, which took over the eastern part of Africa, they trade with people. They 00:07:10
created the slavery system, the slavery market, which was the main commodity. So when the Europeans 00:07:20
changed completely the economic system, there were three important consequences. They prevented 00:07:29
industrialization in Africa, that's why the vast majority of the countries in Africa were 00:07:37
underdeveloped compared to the countries in Europe. They promoted also the European countries, I mean, 00:07:44
they promoted the unequal trade, because obviously this trade benefited the European countries. 00:07:52
They created the conditions for their own sake, and the European countries built infrastructures 00:08:01
in Africa and in Asia. We can see here the infrastructure, the railway system that was 00:08:10
built in Africa, but they built only the railway system, for example, to take, in order to take the 00:08:17
diamonds or the gold from South Africa, they took it from here, they transported the raw materials, 00:08:26
diamonds, and gold, for example, to Cape Town, and from there they transported the raw materials 00:08:36
directly to the European countries. So what I tried to say, it was the following, the trade 00:08:44
and economic consequences only benefited, the change in the economy only benefited the European 00:08:52
countries. Here we have another image of South Africa, and we can see the mines in Johannesburg, 00:09:00
which were very rich in diamond and gold, and the British transported the raw materials from here 00:09:09
up to Cape Town, and then to Great Britain. That's why Great Britain became the first empire in the 00:09:16
19th century, which developed their own industrialization process. Also, Spain became at 00:09:25
that time a colony of France and Great Britain, because it was true that Great Britain and France 00:09:34
built the railway system in Spain, but for the same reason, because they wanted to take 00:09:42
over the raw materials, especially minerals from Spain, and they built only the railway system from 00:09:48
the mines to the ports, and they transported from Santander and San Sebastian, together with Cádiz 00:09:59
and Málaga, the raw materials directly to Paris and London. And now we are going to explain 00:10:08
the social consequences of imperialism, because the colonizers show no respect for the ways of 00:10:17
life of the indigenous people, and as a consequence of that, social structures change completely in 00:10:28
Africa and in Asia. Actually, the foreign minority control, they took over the vast majority of the 00:10:36
countries, the new countries in Africa and in Asia, they control the government and the wealth 00:10:46
in those territories, and the European minority used to live in rich neighborhoods 00:10:53
and rich houses like this one, and by contrast, the indigenous people were living in small 00:11:04
towns without running water and without the same conditions than in Europe. So, 00:11:13
I would say that in terms of the society and in terms of culture, many of the indigenous people 00:11:22
customs and the oral tradition in Africa, for example, did not survive the impact of Western 00:11:29
culture, which made them lose much of their identity and alter their beliefs and the way of life, 00:11:38
not only in Africa but also in Asia. As education spread, I mean the European education, 00:11:48
many, many countries in Africa and in Asia lost their languages, beliefs, and lifestyles, 00:11:56
because the European missionaries spread the European culture and the European languages 00:12:06
all over Africa and in Asia. That's why many, many countries now in Africa and in Asia, 00:12:14
and in Asia, they're speaking French, English, and also other languages from Europe, 00:12:23
because they became colonies of the metropoles in Europe. So, in a nutshell, in conclusion, 00:12:33
I will say that who were the winners and who were the losers of this process in history? 00:12:41
I will say that the European countries and the Muslim countries became the winners because they 00:12:48
became wealthier than before, and the main losers were the Congolese people, for example, and other 00:12:56
other natives in Africa, because the Congolese, only the Congolese, only in the territory of 00:13:06
Congo, 10 million Congolese died to this process. It was a humanitarian disaster, 00:13:13
and also the Europeans and the Muslims and the Muslims from the Arabian Peninsula 00:13:22
promoted the slavery market, the slavery system, and the main consequence of that was the civil 00:13:29
war. For example, in the United States, where the northern states were against the slavery system, 00:13:37
fought against the southern states in USA, what is now USA, which were in favor of the 00:13:50
slavery system because they needed the slaves to work on their fields. 00:13:59
But this is another story. Thank you for your attention, and bye-bye. 00:14:05
Autor/es:
Luis Horrillo Sánchez
Subido por:
Luis H.
Licencia:
Dominio público
Visualizaciones:
121
Fecha:
5 de enero de 2024 - 12:08
Visibilidad:
Público
Centro:
IES CERVANTES
Duración:
14′ 17″
Relación de aspecto:
1.83:1
Resolución:
3840x2100 píxeles
Tamaño:
41.98 MBytes

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