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EV 4ESO - 07 Kant's ethical theory - Contenido educativo
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Kant created a formal ethical theory based on the deontological imperative.
Kant's ethical theory is a formal theory.
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This means that Kant isn't going to give us an objective in our life,
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and he isn't going to give us our rules of behavior.
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For Kant, it was very important that rules were autonomously made by every person.
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So you must make your own rules.
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Kant is not going to give you the rules of behavior.
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He is only going to tell you which is the right procedure to make rules that are valid.
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That's why we call this theory a procedural ethics.
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Which is this procedure?
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How should I make my moral rules so that they are valid and acceptable?
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Kant thinks that rules are valid if they follow the categorical imperative,
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which can be stated in different ways.
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The categorical imperative is the rule to make your norms, the procedure, the way to create them.
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Firstly, we can state the categorical imperative saying this.
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Make rules of behavior that you can really want to become a universal law.
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What does this mean?
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I must make my rules of behavior thinking what would happen if everybody decided the same rules
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for themselves. Can I really desire that this happens? Is this a good situation? If the answer
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is yes, then the rules are valid. If the answer is no, then the rules are not valid. Let me give
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you an example. Suppose that I take the following rule of behavior. I am going to lie whenever it
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is convenient for me. Now, is this rule correctly made? Have I followed the right procedure? Does
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this rule respect the categorical imperative? To know it, I must imagine what would happen
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if everybody decided the same? Can I really desire to live in a world where everybody
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can lie when they want? Is this a desirable situation? Of course not. When I say that I
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am going to lie whenever it is convenient, what I actually want is that I am going to lie when I
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want, but I want other people to tell me the truth. Because in a world where I don't know
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if other people are telling lies to me, there is no trust and I cannot really know if other people
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are trustworthy. This is not a desirable situation. I don't really want this to be a universal rule.
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What I want is to be an exception. I am going to lie. All the rest of the people are going to tell
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the truth. This is what is forbidden in Kant's ethics. You cannot make rules for yourself that
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are exceptional, you must imagine the possibility that everyone uses them, and only if the rules
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can be universalizable, then they are correct. There is another way to express this. There is
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another way to state the categorical incorrect. This other way says, make rules that respect
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always people's dignity. Actually, the second formulation is equivalent to the
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first. Let's see it with the previous example. What happens if my rule of
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behavior is I am going to lie whenever it is convenient for me? This doesn't
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respect human dignity because if I am going to lie is to take advantage of you.
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I want to manipulate you for my own benefit.
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This means I am not respecting your dignity.
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I am not treating you as a person.
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I am treating you as an instrument, as a means to obtain my goals,
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and not as an end in yourself as a person.
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This is what is forbidden in Kant's theory.
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You cannot make rules that treat people like instruments,
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Because people are not instruments, people have dignity, and they must be treated with respect.
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So, the categorical imperative in both formulations gives you the same clues.
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Those rules that satisfy the categorical imperative are correct.
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Those that don't are not morally acceptable.
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- Idioma/s:
- Autor/es:
- César Prestel
- Subido por:
- César Pedro P.
- Licencia:
- Reconocimiento - No comercial - Compartir igual
- Visualizaciones:
- 84
- Fecha:
- 5 de octubre de 2020 - 20:49
- Visibilidad:
- Público
- Centro:
- IES CERVANTES
- Duración:
- 04′ 53″
- Relación de aspecto:
- 1.78:1
- Resolución:
- 1280x720 píxeles
- Tamaño:
- 280.66 MBytes
