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Destination Tomorrow - DT10 - Air Traffic Control

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Subido el 28 de mayo de 2007 por EducaMadrid

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NASA Destination Tomorrow Segment describing how air traffic controllers use technologies such as RADAR to keep order in the skies.

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During peak air travel times in the United States, there are about 5,000 airplanes in 00:00:00
the sky every hour, which is about 50,000 aircraft operating in our skies every day. 00:00:09
From the time the plane pushes back from the gate, until it arrives at the gate of its 00:00:14
final destination, it is being handled by air traffic controllers. 00:00:17
These controllers must coordinate the movements of thousands of aircraft, keep them at safe 00:00:21
distances from each other, and direct them during takeoff and landing from airports. 00:00:25
Air traffic controllers are also responsible for directing aircraft around bad weather, 00:00:29
and ensuring that traffic flows with minimal delay for both commercial and private aircraft. 00:00:33
I spoke with Gary Loro from NASA Langley to find out how it works. 00:00:37
Air traffic controllers are primarily tasked with separating airplanes, however they do 00:00:42
provide other services such as traffic advisories, weather information, and other status types 00:00:45
of information for the National Airspace System. 00:00:50
What are some of the tools used by air traffic controllers? 00:00:53
The primary tool used by controllers for separation services is called RADAR, which 00:00:56
stands for Radio Detection and Ranging. 00:01:00
Essentially what happens is from an antenna, a radio beam is transmitted, it balances off 00:01:02
the aircraft, and is returned to the radar antenna, and there's a presentation on the 00:01:08
radar display of what your position is based on that return. 00:01:13
You can see behind us there's a display which is part of the radar system that controllers 00:01:17
use, and your position as well as the position of other aircraft in the system will be presented 00:01:20
on display and give the information the controller needs to provide air traffic services to you. 00:01:24
So does one controller handle my plane while it's in the air? 00:01:29
There are a number of controllers that will handle your flight as you move throughout 00:01:32
the system. 00:01:35
Once you depart, your flight will be handed off to yet another controller, and that process 00:01:36
continues throughout the duration of your flight. 00:01:40
The primary delineation of what a controller is responsible for in a radar environment 00:01:42
is called a sector. 00:01:46
So as a controller works you through his or her sector, you'll be transferred to another 00:01:48
sector where another controller will work you. 00:01:52
All right, so Gary, walk me through this. 00:01:54
What happens from departure to arrival, from gate to gate? 00:01:57
Assuming there aren't any delays, you'll taxi out to your departure runway, and there's 00:02:01
a controller that issues taxi instructions and de-conflicts you from other airplanes 00:02:04
on the ground. 00:02:08
There's a controller that will issue a takeoff clearance for you, and yet another controller 00:02:09
that will work you as you're climbing to your cruise altitude. 00:02:13
As a matter of fact, several controllers. 00:02:17
As airplanes move from one sector to the next, there's a transfer of what we call control, 00:02:19
and there's a transfer of communications, so that you'll be in communications with each 00:02:23
controller along the way. 00:02:27
This process continues all the way to your destination airport, and you may talk to 10 00:02:29
or 15 different controllers en route to your destination. 00:02:32
Prior to descending into the terminal area at your destination airport, there are several 00:02:35
controllers involved in sequencing the inbound of that airport and assigning the arrival 00:02:39
runway. 00:02:43
Once you get there, you'll land, you'll taxi clear of the runway, and you'll be issued 00:02:45
taxi instructions. 00:02:48
They'll take you right to your gate, but that's basically how the process works. 00:02:49
Wow. 00:02:53
And I thought that the pilot was in control of the whole flight. 00:02:54
Well, the pilot is ultimately responsible for the safe operation of his or her airplane. 00:02:57
However, they are required to adhere to air traffic control instructions. 00:03:01
Just like when you're driving your car, there are certain signs along the way that basically 00:03:05
tell you what you're required to do. 00:03:08
As you get to a busy intersection, you may have to slow the car down. 00:03:10
If there's a red light, you have to stop, because you're trying to accommodate other 00:03:13
cars. 00:03:16
Because you're not the only car out there. 00:03:17
And that's pretty much the way your air traffic control system works. 00:03:18
There are control instructions that are issued because you're not the only airplane out there. 00:03:21
Do you get tickets? 00:03:24
Sometimes. 00:03:25
Sometimes. 00:03:26
So, in the future, will air traffic control be much different than it is today? 00:03:27
I think so. 00:03:34
We're, of course, not building more airports. 00:03:35
We're not building many more runways either, so we have to optimize the use of the facilities 00:03:37
that we currently have. 00:03:41
And to that end, NASA's looking at cutting edge concepts and technologies to make better 00:03:42
utilization of those facilities, both in terms of capacity, that is to say the number 00:03:46
of airplanes you can get in and out of an airport at a given time, and safety as well. 00:03:50
And these are just some of the concepts that have been explored by NASA and continue to 00:03:56
be explored. 00:04:00
Really? 00:04:01
I've got a question. 00:04:02
How do you change the channel on this? 00:04:03
I mean, do you have cable on this thing? 00:04:04
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Idioma/s:
en
Niveles educativos:
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      • Nivel Intermedio
Autor/es:
NASA LaRC Office of Education
Subido por:
EducaMadrid
Licencia:
Reconocimiento - No comercial - Sin obra derivada
Visualizaciones:
460
Fecha:
28 de mayo de 2007 - 17:04
Visibilidad:
Público
Enlace Relacionado:
NASAs center for distance learning
Duración:
04′ 06″
Relación de aspecto:
4:3 Hasta 2009 fue el estándar utilizado en la televisión PAL; muchas pantallas de ordenador y televisores usan este estándar, erróneamente llamado cuadrado, cuando en la realidad es rectangular o wide.
Resolución:
480x360 píxeles
Tamaño:
23.91 MBytes

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