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Past Simple - Contenido educativo

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Subido el 20 de febrero de 2024 por Veronica Carme L.

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Today, we're going to study the past simple. 00:00:00
Let's begin with some examples. 00:00:14
Christopher Columbus wanted to travel to India. 00:00:18
It was a long journey. 00:00:23
So, he tried a different route, and he discovered a miracle. 00:00:30
Let's have a look at the sentences here on the right. 00:00:44
These four sentences share the same characteristic, they are expressed in the past simple tense. 00:00:48
We know that because the verbs wanted, was, tried, and discovered, which are the main 00:00:54
verbs of these sentences, are expressed in the past simple form. 00:01:03
But what do we use the past simple for? 00:01:12
the past simple refers to an action or activity that happened in the past and 00:01:18
it finished in the time indicated in the sentence so we are looking at a finished 00:01:23
action let's see this with some examples 00:01:29
he woke up at 8 o'clock this morning he went shopping yesterday he talked on the 00:01:35
phone last night. We know these three activities happened in the past and we 00:01:44
know when they finished. For the first one, it finished this morning. The second 00:01:50
one finished yesterday and the third finished last night. Let's have a look at 00:01:56
the past simple structure. We have regular verbs and irregular verbs. For the first, 00:02:05
we just have to add "-ed to the verb. Work worked. I worked hard last summer. Worked. 00:02:17
The second case is a little bit more complicated because there are no fixed rules, which means 00:02:31
there is not a predictable pattern in which we know how to transform the base form of 00:02:37
the verb into the past simple. 00:02:43
Write wrote written put put put sang sang sung. 00:02:47
As you can see, the past simple form, which is the one I'm highlighting, is not predictable. 00:02:53
can't know how to form it which is learn it by heart. Let's have a look at some 00:03:00
exceptions. 00:03:09
So when the word ends with an unvoiced e which means that we don't pronounce it, 00:03:14
it doesn't sound we add a D to the end love loved my sister loved animals when 00:03:20
she was little when the word ends with a vowel in the Y we add a D to the end 00:03:32
My sister stayed with me when I was afraid of the dark. 00:03:40
When the word ends with a consonant and a Y, 00:03:50
we drop the Y and we add IED to the end. 00:03:54
This example may look like the previous one, but it's different. 00:04:00
For in the first example, or in the previous example, 00:04:04
there was a vowel followed by a y and in this example there is a consonant followed by a y 00:04:07
so they make that so they are different my sister studied forensics and then she became a cop 00:04:18
let's have a look at the affirmative form of the past simple 00:04:26
We form the affirmative this way 00:04:32
Subject plus a past plus complements 00:04:38
plus an optional time expression such as 00:04:42
these 00:04:46
Yesterday, last week, two days ago, last night, etc. 00:04:47
Let's see it with an example 00:04:54
He read the newspaper this morning 00:04:56
They walked to school together yesterday. 00:05:01
Let's have a look at the negative form now. 00:05:10
We form the negative this way. 00:05:14
Subject plus the auxiliary verb did plus the negative form not plus the base form plus 00:05:18
compliments and an optional time expression remember when there is an 00:05:27
auxiliary we use the base form not the past let's see how we can contract did 00:05:34
and not into the same word we have did we have not and if we put them together 00:05:43
we form didn't. Let's see this with some examples. He didn't read the newspaper 00:05:50
this morning. They didn't walk to school together yesterday. As you can see we 00:06:00
have the auxiliary verb which means the verb is in the base form. In the base 00:06:07
form, not in the past. Finally, let's see the interrogative form. To form the 00:06:16
interrogative, we switch the order of the auxiliary in the subject. So we 00:06:28
start with the auxiliary. Did plus subject plus base form plus complements 00:06:37
plus time expression which is optional and a question mark so when the 00:06:44
affirmative is your friend went to school we add the auxiliary at the beginning 00:06:53
and since there's an auxiliary we drop the verb and we add the base form 00:06:59
because the auxiliary verb is already in past never forget about the question 00:07:08
mark let's see this with some examples did he read the newspaper this morning 00:07:15
did they walk to school together yesterday as you can see auxiliary verb 00:07:25
negative and base form, not the past. Remember verb to be is an irregular verb and it has 00:07:32
different negative and interrogative forms. I will explain in the next video. 00:07:45
Now let's have a look at some time expressions that are used with the past tense. 00:07:56
We have a chart here of some very common time expressions that can be found together with 00:08:05
the past tense. 00:08:11
So past time expressions are for this. 00:08:18
We use the simple past to talk about when things happened, and some words and phrases 00:08:24
show when something happened in the past. 00:08:30
These words and phrases are called time adverbials. 00:08:35
have a look now at some time expressions that go with the past tense. Here's a 00:08:49
chart in which you can see some very common time expressions. So, what are 00:08:55
these past time expressions? Well, we use simple past to talk about when 00:09:06
things happened. And some words and phrases show when something happened in 00:09:12
the past. These words and phrases are called time adverbials. Let's explain the first time 00:09:18
adverbial, ago. We use ago to explain how far back in the past something happened. And 00:09:30
And this is the order in which we use it. First we say AGO and then the time expression. 00:09:44
So let's begin with the first time adverbial AGO. 00:09:51
We use it to explain how far back in the past something happened. 00:10:08
this is how we use it. First we indicate the time and then ago. So five minutes ago, an 00:10:13
hour ago, three days ago, six months ago, ten years ago, many years ago, a long time 00:10:20
ago. Let's see this with an example. Here's a journal in which I have indicated what day 00:10:29
it is today, and three days before, something happened. The concert was three days ago. 00:10:39
Three days from today in the past. Three days ago. 00:10:52
Let's continue explaining what time adverbial last is used for. 00:10:59
Well, it indicates the most recent or nearest to the present date time. 00:11:08
In this case, we first say last and then the time. 00:11:17
last night last Monday last week last month last January last Christmas last 00:11:24
summer again let's see this with some examples again this is a journal in 00:11:32
which I have indicated what date is today and something happened last night 00:11:41
night. I watched a football match on TV last night. Finally, we have the time adverbial 00:11:48
yesterday, which indicates the day before today. And we have these three options. Yesterday 00:12:01
morning yesterday afternoon yesterday evening let's see it with an example 00:12:12
same job same journal in which we have the day of reference which is today and 00:12:21
this is at 9 a.m. yesterday so 9 a.m. this is the morning I had piano lessons 00:12:29
yesterday morning let's practice a little with some examples complete the 00:12:38
sentences with the fast simple of the verbs and brackets so here you have some 00:12:50
sentences 00:12:56
Which you have to complete with the past simple of these verbs, which are going to be shown 00:12:59
in brackets. 00:13:13
Bye, go, like, nothing. 00:13:14
All you have to do is take a separate sheet of paper or your notebook, grab a pencil, 00:13:21
Write the sentence, complete it, then pause the video and do the exercise and when you 00:13:27
finish you can check the answers. 00:13:37
My parents bought a car two years ago. 00:13:45
I went to the cinema last weekend. 00:13:55
Did you like the movie? 00:14:07
The group didn't sing my favourite song. 00:14:12
Thanks for watching 00:14:17
Subido por:
Veronica Carme L.
Licencia:
Reconocimiento - Compartir igual
Visualizaciones:
9
Fecha:
20 de febrero de 2024 - 0:36
Visibilidad:
Clave
Centro:
CP INF-PRI VICENTE ALEIXANDRE
Duración:
14′ 29″
Relación de aspecto:
1.78:1
Resolución:
1920x1080 píxeles
Tamaño:
44.28 MBytes

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