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River Nile - Contenido educativo

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Subido el 10 de noviembre de 2022 por Manuel P.

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The ancient Egyptians knew they depended on the river they lived beside. 00:00:00
It gave them everything they needed. 00:00:05
Water for their crops, for their animals and themselves. 00:00:08
A way to transport people and goods. 00:00:13
A supply of fish and water birds to catch and eat. 00:00:17
Without the Nile, they knew they could not survive. 00:00:21
They didn't call it the Nile. 00:00:26
The ancient Egyptians just called it the river. 00:00:29
They knew it well. 00:00:33
They knew that once each year its waters would rise and then fall. 00:00:35
This yearly cycle of the river rising, flooding the land and falling again, 00:00:40
controlled their lives. 00:00:45
The Nile had power over them and they knew it. 00:00:50
It could bring them the gift of life or abandon them to starve. 00:00:55
And in different seasons the river reminded them that it could do both. 00:01:00
In the heat of summer, the Nile showed a face the ancient Egyptians feared. 00:01:10
Nearly all of present-day Egypt is desert. 00:01:16
It forms part of the hottest place on earth, the scorching Sahara. 00:01:19
Very few people live in this harsh environment. 00:01:30
Most of the population live beside the river that flows through the desert, the Nile. 00:01:34
The ancient Egyptians called the desert, with its dry sand, the Red Land. 00:01:41
And they called the land beside the river, with its fertile soil, the Black Land. 00:01:51
And just as in Egypt today, the desert is called the Black Land. 00:02:00
And just as in Egypt today, the people lived on the Black Land. 00:02:07
But during the heat of summer in ancient times, 00:02:21
the dry Red Land threatened to swallow up their moist Black Land. 00:02:25
As the months passed, the people watched the water in the river gradually disappear. 00:02:31
It evaporated in the baking heat of the sun, 00:02:37
leaving less and less for humans, plants and animals to share. 00:02:40
The ancient Egyptians knew their river. 00:02:50
They knew this dry season would be followed by a rise in water level. 00:02:53
But they also knew that sometimes this rise came late. 00:03:00
They prayed to the Nile, because they knew what would happen if it did. 00:03:04
Hail flood, when you are late, everyone is orphaned. 00:03:11
The whole land suffers. 00:03:18
The ancient Egyptians called the Nile's flood water, the inundation. 00:03:21
They never knew where the water came from. 00:03:27
They imagined it bubbled up from an underground sea. 00:03:32
It was impossible for them to know, because the water that flows down the Nile 00:03:36
begins its journey thousands of kilometres to the south of Egypt, 00:03:41
far beyond the limits of the world the ancient Egyptians knew. 00:03:45
Every year, the people watched anxiously for a sign that the flood water was on its way. 00:03:53
The flocks of sacred Ibis, migrating north, 00:03:59
arrived in Egypt at the same time as the rising waters. 00:04:02
As a messenger of the flood, the Ibis was much respected in Egypt. 00:04:06
Thoth, god of wisdom, has the head of an Ibis. 00:04:11
As scribe to the gods, he dips his pen in ink, 00:04:15
just as the Ibis dipped its beak in the waters of the Nile. 00:04:18
Between June and September, the people watched the water level in the river rise, 00:04:28
until the banks of the Nile were flooded. 00:04:33
Between June and September, the people watched the water level in the river rise, 00:04:36
until the banks burst, allowing the water to flood the land on either side. 00:04:41
This was a time for great celebration. 00:05:06
Hail Flood. 00:05:12
When you rise, there is joy in the land. 00:05:14
Every belly is glad. 00:05:17
Everywhere there is laughter. 00:05:20
For you, people sing and clap their hands. 00:05:23
Emergence. 00:05:33
The ancient Egyptians called the season after the months of flooding. 00:05:35
Because the land emerged, it appeared from underwater. 00:05:39
By about October, much of the water had drained away, 00:05:44
leaving on the land the rich black silt it had carried for thousands of kilometres. 00:05:48
When river creatures appeared from the silt, 00:06:01
it must have looked to the ancient Egyptians as if the river waters had brought them to life. 00:06:04
This was the busiest time of year for the farmers. 00:06:12
They divided up the land into fields, 00:06:15
and began sowing seed in the new layer of moist, fertile soil. 00:06:18
The main crops were wheat and barley. 00:06:24
They dug ditches to direct water to their vegetable patches. 00:06:28
Within a few months, in these perfect growing conditions, 00:06:34
the fields would be filled with ripening crops. 00:06:38
The people of Egypt 00:06:57
In the face of disaster, the people looked to their pharaoh. 00:07:20
He was the guardian of order in ancient Egypt. 00:07:24
As the son of Ra, the sun god, 00:07:27
he was the link between the people and the gods. 00:07:31
It was his responsibility to provide for the gods' needs, 00:07:43
praying to them and presenting them with offerings 00:07:46
so that they would look with favour on the people of Egypt. 00:07:49
If he did his duties well, then chaos could not triumph in Egypt. 00:07:53
Order would reign. 00:07:57
Whatever disasters came, they would pass, 00:08:01
and the cycle of life in ancient Egypt would continue. 00:08:04
The Nile, the life-giving river, would deliver its flood, 00:08:10
and the harmonious balance of the world of ancient Egypt would be maintained. 00:08:14
Idioma/s:
en
Autor/es:
BBC
Subido por:
Manuel P.
Licencia:
Reconocimiento
Visualizaciones:
17
Fecha:
10 de noviembre de 2022 - 17:15
Visibilidad:
Público
Centro:
IES JOSÉ SARAMAGO
Duración:
08′ 22″
Relación de aspecto:
4:3 Hasta 2009 fue el estándar utilizado en la televisión PAL; muchas pantallas de ordenador y televisores usan este estándar, erróneamente llamado cuadrado, cuando en la realidad es rectangular o wide.
Resolución:
640x480 píxeles
Tamaño:
18.92 MBytes

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