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1º ESO/HOW DO GPS COORDINATE WORK - Contenido educativo

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Subido el 25 de febrero de 2021 por Alicia M.

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Hey BrainStuff, I'm Jonathan Strickland. 00:00:00
So you've probably seen geographic coordinates like these before. 00:00:02
Maybe on a GPS device, or maybe scrawled in a mysterious note you found in the glove box 00:00:07
of a rental car. 00:00:11
But if you never knew exactly what they meant, fear not. 00:00:13
It's actually pretty simple, and we are here to make it all clear. 00:00:16
When you see a set of geographic coordinates looking like this, or like this, you're reading 00:00:26
latitude and longitude. 00:00:32
Latitude represents north-south location, and longitude represents east-west location, 00:00:34
usually listed in that order. 00:00:39
By combining them, you can pinpoint any spot on the surface of the Earth. 00:00:41
These coordinates aren't expressed in units of distance, but in degrees. 00:00:45
Why? 00:00:49
Because the Earth is a sphere. 00:00:50
Imagine a line running from the equator to the center of the Earth, and then another 00:00:51
line running from the center of the earth to the north or south pole. 00:00:55
These two lines make a 90 degree angle. 00:01:00
All latitudes in each hemisphere can be represented by drawing a third line somewhere between 00:01:03
them. 00:01:08
So the equator would have 0 degrees latitude, and the north pole would have 90 degrees north 00:01:09
latitude, and a location halfway between the north pole and the equator would lie at 45 00:01:13
degrees north. 00:01:19
Same thing for the southern hemisphere, except you'd call it degrees south. 00:01:20
For more precision, each degree of the Earth's surface 00:01:24
is divided evenly into 60 minutes, 00:01:26
and each minute is divided into 60 seconds. 00:01:29
If you need to get even more specific, 00:01:31
you can just add decimals to your seconds. 00:01:33
Alternately, you can write the whole coordinate 00:01:36
in decimal notation. 00:01:38
To do this, you have to convert minutes and seconds, 00:01:40
which are base 60, into our regular base 10 counting system 00:01:42
by dividing each unit by 60 and then summing them up. 00:01:46
The results sometimes look counterintuitive, 00:01:56
But if you're skeptical, you can pause the video 00:01:58
and check out the math. 00:02:01
Lines of longitude, also called meridians, 00:02:02
run north-south and are used to measure position 00:02:04
along the east-west axis. 00:02:07
While the lines of latitude run parallel to each other, 00:02:09
meridians converge at the poles 00:02:11
and spread farthest apart at the equator, 00:02:13
like the segments of an orange. 00:02:15
Longitude is also measured in degrees, 00:02:17
but its zero degree line is known as the prime meridian, 00:02:20
and it runs from the North Pole to the South Pole 00:02:23
through Greenwich, England. 00:02:25
So, if the prime meridian is zero degrees, 00:02:26
the opposite side of the Earth is 180 degrees, 00:02:29
and lines in between are expressed as degrees east 00:02:32
or degrees west, between zero and 180. 00:02:35
Since the lines of latitude are parallel, 00:02:37
each degree covers about the same distance the world over, 00:02:40
roughly 111 kilometers. 00:02:43
But because meridians converge at the poles, 00:02:45
the distance covered in each degree of longitude 00:02:48
varies hugely depending on your latitude. 00:02:51
At 20 degrees north, which is about the latitude 00:02:53
With Cuba and Hawaii, one degree of longitude is approximately 104 kilometers. 00:02:56
At 80 degrees north, the latitude of Svalbard and Northern Greenland, it's only about 19 00:03:01
kilometers. 00:03:07
So, let's say I wanted to go dig up a stash of hot loot from some coordinates I found 00:03:08
written in a mysterious note. 00:03:13
Even without looking at a map, we can start to make a guess where this would be. 00:03:16
Since it's 43 degrees north, it's almost halfway between the equator and the North Pole, again 00:03:20
and halfway being 45 degrees. 00:03:25
And since it's 89 degrees west, 00:03:27
it's almost halfway west between the prime meridian 00:03:30
and the opposite side of the globe, 00:03:32
halfway being half of 180 degrees or 90 degrees. 00:03:34
Based on this alone, 00:03:38
you can guess it's probably somewhere in North America. 00:03:39
But if we use a map or a digital tool like Google Earth, 00:03:42
we can zoom in and see these coordinates lead us to 00:03:46
U.S. National Mustard Museum in Middleton, Wisconsin? 00:03:52
Huh. 00:03:56
But what's the weirdest landmark you've ever found on Google Earth? 00:03:57
Paste the coordinates in the comments so everybody can check it out. 00:04:00
If you liked this video, hit that thumbs up button and subscribe for more. 00:04:04
And as always, for answers to all kinds of questions like this, head over to HowStuffWorks.com 00:04:08
Subido por:
Alicia M.
Licencia:
Dominio público
Visualizaciones:
138
Fecha:
25 de febrero de 2021 - 17:04
Visibilidad:
Público
Centro:
IES LA SENDA
Duración:
04′ 14″
Relación de aspecto:
1.78:1
Resolución:
1920x1080 píxeles
Tamaño:
112.58 MBytes

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