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Plants In Space
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NASA Why? Files segment explaining how scientists are studying how to grow plants in space.
Hi, kids. I'm Mr. Gruner. How can I help you?
00:00:00
Hi, Mr. Gruner. We're the Treehouse Detectives, and we're trying to design a Martian habitat.
00:00:03
We realize that we have to grow our own food on Mars.
00:00:08
Yeah, because we don't want to go hungry.
00:00:11
And we need to know if plants grow differently in space than they do here on Earth.
00:00:13
Well, sort of, but plants still need the basics like light, air, water, nutrients, and a nice temperature and humidity.
00:00:17
We know that Mars is extremely cold.
00:00:24
And that it doesn't have the same atmosphere as Earth.
00:00:27
Does that mean that we can't grow anything on Mars?
00:00:30
No, it just means you'd have to grow them indoors in a controlled environment.
00:00:33
How do you do that?
00:00:36
Well, here at NASA, we design plant growth chambers, or systems, to meet the plants' basic needs.
00:00:38
Kind of like this one here.
00:00:43
Do you have to use special seeds to make the plants grow in space?
00:00:44
No, we use the same seeds as we do here on Earth.
00:00:47
However, we do conduct experiments and collect data to see what effect low gravity and increased radiation has on the way plants produce seeds.
00:00:51
Why is that important?
00:00:59
We want to make sure that plants can reproduce in space.
00:01:01
This will help astronauts who live there for a long time.
00:01:09
Can the seeds produced on Mars grow here on Earth?
00:01:12
Yes, and they're able to germinate and grow in the new plants just fine.
00:01:15
Do you only use plants in space for food?
00:01:19
No, we also hope to use plants to produce oxygen and water.
00:01:22
That is so cool!
00:01:26
During a process called photosynthesis, plants take in carbon dioxide and produce oxygen.
00:01:28
We breathe oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide.
00:01:33
Exactly. So you see, plants and people can live very well together, trading gases.
00:01:36
Okay, I understand that. But how do they produce water?
00:01:42
Through a process called transpiration.
00:01:45
What's transpiration?
00:01:48
Well, when a plant transpires, it releases water through tiny holes called pores that are mostly found in the leaves.
00:01:51
And then the water evaporates into the atmosphere and we can collect it and turn it back into liquid water on a cold surface.
00:01:58
Oh, you mean just like the water droplets on the outside of my glass of ice water.
00:02:04
That's right. It's called condensation.
00:02:09
I guess it is important to be able to produce water and oxygen since it takes a long time to get to Mars.
00:02:11
You bet it is. It would be very expensive to send space vehicles to resupply the habitat.
00:02:16
Therefore, it is very important for the habitat to be as self-sufficient as possible.
00:02:30
What kind of plants are you growing in your lab?
00:02:34
We are currently experimenting with grains like wheat and rice, legumes like peas and peanuts, potatoes, fruits, and salad crops.
00:02:37
I love salad.
00:02:46
That's good, because right now there are no plants to produce any meat.
00:02:47
I don't like just vegetables.
00:02:51
Well, don't get too discouraged. Meat will still be available in packaged form, but in small quantities.
00:02:53
However, there are still lots of good foods you can make with fruits and vegetables.
00:02:59
Like what?
00:03:02
Like peanut butter from peanuts, jelly from strawberries, tortillas from wheat, and potato chips from potatoes.
00:03:04
You could even make tomato sauce from tomatoes for pizza or spaghetti.
00:03:11
Now you're talking. That's my kind of meal.
00:03:15
And just like here on Earth, the most important thing is to eat a balanced and nutritious diet.
00:03:18
That's true. My mom always tells me that.
00:03:23
Would you like to see us harvest some carrots from our chambers?
00:03:30
Yes!
00:03:32
All right.
00:03:34
Thank you, sir.
00:03:45
Good luck with your project, kids.
00:03:47
- Valoración:
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- Idioma/s:
- Niveles educativos:
- ▼ Mostrar / ocultar niveles
- Nivel Intermedio
- Autor/es:
- NASA LaRC Office of Education
- Subido por:
- EducaMadrid
- Licencia:
- Reconocimiento - No comercial - Sin obra derivada
- Visualizaciones:
- 370
- Fecha:
- 28 de mayo de 2007 - 15:33
- Visibilidad:
- Público
- Enlace Relacionado:
- NASAs center for distance learning
- Duración:
- 03′ 50″
- Relación de aspecto:
- 4:3 Hasta 2009 fue el estándar utilizado en la televisión PAL; muchas pantallas de ordenador y televisores usan este estándar, erróneamente llamado cuadrado, cuando en la realidad es rectangular o wide.
- Resolución:
- 480x360 píxeles
- Tamaño:
- 23.08 MBytes