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Fotografía - Contenido educativo

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Subido el 4 de marzo de 2024 por Eva María G.

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Nociones básicas de fotografía

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Hi there, I'm Jack from Twinkl and today we're going to be learning a little bit about 00:00:00
photography. We'll go over a few basic tips to consider when taking a photograph and then we'll 00:00:04
learn about two simple techniques you can use when photographing something to create an interesting 00:00:10
picture. For today's activity you'll obviously need a camera but you won't need any expensive 00:00:16
cameras or equipment. It could be a cheap or old digital camera or maybe the camera on a phone 00:00:27
or tablet. You'll also need an environment to take pictures in. If you're at home you could 00:00:33
explore your garden or the rooms around your house. At school you could explore your classroom 00:00:39
or with an adult explore your outdoor learning areas. Or better yet, take your camera outside 00:00:45
to a different area entirely and explore. It could be a park, a farm, a beach, a zoo, 00:00:52
your town or just about anywhere. You might also want a pen or pencil and some paper to take notes 00:00:59
of some of the tips and techniques in this video to refer to when you're out and about with your 00:01:06
camera. Watch my examples first and then have a go yourself. Let's begin and the first thing to 00:01:12
think about is, what are you going to take a photograph of? What is the subject of your 00:01:19
picture? Every photo should have a central point of interest, something that your eyes 00:01:24
are drawn to when looking at the photo. It could be a person, a place, a building, or 00:01:31
an animal, plant, object, or anything. Whatever you choose as the subject of your photo, this 00:01:37
is what is called the focal point, and there are lots of decisions you can make when 00:01:43
photographing this focal point. The first is perspective. Will you take a picture of your 00:01:48
focal point from your eye level or will you try taking a picture from down low or up high? It 00:01:55
could be a photo of a giant tree taken from low to the ground looking up for unusual perspective 00:02:01
or a photo of an uphill path taken lying down for unusual perspective of the world around you. 00:02:07
perspective could also mean taking a picture of your focal point from different angles not just 00:02:15
from above or from below but perhaps on top of or underneath your focal point like with these 00:02:21
slatted stairs from above it's a fairly normal picture but from underneath creates an unusual 00:02:28
and interesting photo the second aspect to think about is how close or far away your focal point is 00:02:34
when you take the photo. Take a look at the difference between these photos of a bench. 00:02:42
Close up puts all the attention on your focal point, but from further away, the viewer gets 00:02:48
extra detail about where the bench is, telling a bit more of a story. The third aspect is lighting. 00:02:53
Where is the light coming from in your picture? If you're outside in the daytime, your photo will 00:03:00
almost certainly be lit by the sun. Think about where your light is when taking a photo. The sun 00:03:05
here is behind these trees, so the light coming through the translucent leaves brings out their 00:03:12
bold green colour. But if the sun is behind you, the photo will look quite different. And if you're 00:03:18
inside, think about natural light coming from windows, or artificial light from lamps, or maybe 00:03:26
the flash on your camera. Also, try taking photographs at different times of day. A photo 00:03:32
taken at midday will look quite different to one taken at sunset or at night due to the different 00:03:39
lighting. Lastly think about the colour of your focal point. Does it stand out against its 00:03:45
background? Bright and colourful flowers will always stand out but look out for other unusual 00:03:52
colours around you like this red bike that stands out amongst the rest. It's time to go and take 00:03:57
some photographs of some different focal points. I'd like you to find three different focal points 00:04:04
and take a few different photos of each. Remember to think about perspective, be it from above, 00:04:10
underneath, high or low, your distance from the focal point, the lighting or picking a focal 00:04:18
point with a bold colour. Try and take three different photos of all three focal points, 00:04:25
changing one aspect each time. Pause now, experiment with your photos and have fun. 00:04:31
Okay now we've looked at a few of the basics of taking a photograph and choosing the focal point 00:04:48
of your photos so let's learn a few techniques to take some interesting photographs of your 00:04:54
focal point and we'll start with the rule of thirds. You might think that putting the focal 00:05:01
point in the centre of your photograph is the best place. After all it's the focus of your photo 00:05:07
so it should be front and centre, right? Well the rule of thirds is a photographic technique 00:05:13
that helps to create a more interesting photo and it uses this grid. It's called the rule of thirds 00:05:20
because it literally splits the photo into three blocks of three. The rule is that you should place 00:05:27
your focal points along one of these horizontal or vertical lines or one of these middle points. 00:05:32
Most cameras and camera apps for phones or tablets allow you to bring up this grid whilst 00:05:41
taking a picture to help you take the photo. Let's see some examples of photos taken with 00:05:46
the rule of thirds. Here's a photo of a tree that I took but the tree is right in the centre of the 00:05:53
photo. So let's bring up the grid. We want the tree to be along one of the vertical lines. 00:06:00
Following the rule of thirds I took a second photo. The tree is now along the vertical line. 00:06:06
This creates a more interesting photo where you can see more of the background. Here's another 00:06:12
photo this time of the beach and the sea so let's bring up the 3x3 grid again and 00:06:18
as you can see it's a bit wonky and in the middle of the photo. Again we need to 00:06:22
use the rule of thirds to align the horizon properly this time on one of the 00:06:28
horizontal lines so following the rule again I took the photo it looks more 00:06:32
interesting as the sky sea and beach are in equal sections of the picture. You can 00:06:37
mix and match horizontal and vertical items with the rule of thirds to create an interesting 00:06:43
contrast. Like in this picture of some beach huts, the sea is on this horizontal line and 00:06:49
the central beach hut is on this vertical line. 00:06:55
So we looked at a tree and the sea. These objects are straight lines that we could place 00:06:59
along the lines on the 3x3 grid. But how does the rule work for different objects? 00:07:03
Here are some pictures I took of animals at a zoo. I took this picture of an elephant 00:07:10
so its eye was at the point where a horizontal and vertical line meet. You can position your 00:07:15
focal point on any one of these four spots to position that object in an interesting 00:07:21
way. Like with these two tigers, a pair of focal points that are on two different spots. 00:07:27
And this giraffe follows the rules too. Its head is on the vertical line, its neck is 00:07:34
on the horizontal line and its body runs down the other vertical line. 00:07:38
Access your camera and in its settings look for an option to enable a grid. You might 00:07:45
need to ask for an adult's help if this is tricky. 00:07:49
Then follow the rule of thirds carefully. Have a go at taking photos of a new focal 00:07:53
point but like with my examples try to align your focal point on the 3x3 grid. I'd like 00:07:58
you to find three focal points once more, but this time take a photo of each following 00:08:06
the rule of thirds. Pause now and have a go at taking these three photos. 00:08:11
The second technique we're going to look at today, and an interesting detail you could 00:08:28
include in your photos are something called leading lines. Lines are all 00:08:32
around us in nature, objects, buildings and you can use these in your 00:08:39
photographs to draw the eye of the viewer towards your focal point and 00:08:43
create a more interesting photo. So if we head back to my beach photos, these beach 00:08:48
groins guide the eye from the bottom left of the photo to my focal point, the 00:08:54
the sea. If you use the rule of thirds as well, you can see the groin cuts this section 00:09:00
of the photo exactly in two, and the seashore is on the horizontal line. In the photo of 00:09:05
my elephant from before, this curved line of rocks and the hedge creates movement, movement 00:09:12
that's in the same direction the elephant is moving in. This entrance to a stadium has 00:09:18
lots of leading lines, drawing the eye to the light at the end of the tunnel. The light 00:09:24
and dark contrasting very nicely. Leading lines can also draw the viewer far 00:09:29
into the photo. This river leads off into the distance to a focal point that's very 00:09:35
far away. The leading line is a useful trick for taking an interesting photo of something 00:09:40
at a great distance. But make sure your leading line actually leads 00:09:46
to a focal point. The previous examples all had a focal point at the end of the leading 00:09:52
line. Here are some examples that are just lines as there's nothing for the eye to be drawn to. 00:09:58
These are not leading lines. Okay I'd like you to go and take more photos but this time I'd like 00:10:06
you to go on a hunt for some leading lines around you. It could be plants, trees, walls, stairs or 00:10:13
many more things besides. Look for lines around you, find a focal point nearby to take a photo of 00:10:21
and see if you can create a leading line. Pause now. 00:10:27
Okay, time for your final activity today, a photography scavenger hunt. Using this Twinkle 00:10:41
Outdoor Photography activity, I'd like you to hunt for different things outside and take photos of 00:10:49
them. Remember our tips and techniques. Take photos from different angles, think about how the photo 00:10:55
is lit, use the rule of thirds to create an interesting photo and see if there are any 00:11:01
leading lines around you you can use to draw the eye of the viewer. And finally, make sure to get 00:11:06
an adult's permission or bring an adult with you on the scavenger hunt. Pause now and go on a hunt 00:11:12
for these photos. 00:11:19
Thank you very much for watching. I hope you have lots of fun exploring the world around 00:11:25
you in a very different way. Bye for now! 00:11:30
Idioma/s:
en
Autor/es:
Twinkl
Subido por:
Eva María G.
Licencia:
Reconocimiento - No comercial - Compartir igual
Visualizaciones:
15
Fecha:
4 de marzo de 2024 - 16:58
Visibilidad:
Clave
Centro:
CP INF-PRI SAN SEBASTIAN
Duración:
11′ 44″
Relación de aspecto:
1.78:1
Resolución:
1920x1080 píxeles
Tamaño:
871.81 MBytes

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