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Data Analysis And Measurement - Contenido educativo

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Subido el 28 de mayo de 2007 por EducaMadrid

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NASA Connect Segment exploring ground-based instruments and rockets used to analyze and research the auroras. The segment also explains the concepts of data analysis and measurement in scientific research.

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To get a better idea of how ground-based instruments and sounding rockets are used, 00:00:00
let's visit Professor Alv Egeland at the Andoya Rocket Range. 00:00:04
But before we visit Professor Egeland and learn more about the rocket range, 00:00:07
let's review the two math concepts for today's program, data analysis and measurement. 00:00:12
Data analysis and measurement are two important math concepts to scientists and engineers. 00:00:17
You see, before things can be analyzed, they must first be measured. 00:00:22
Scientists and engineers take measurements so they can collect data. 00:00:27
Think about what you measure every day. 00:00:31
Length, volume, mass, or temperature, to name a few. 00:00:33
Once scientists and engineers collect the data they need, then they must analyze that data. 00:00:39
Scientists are constantly on the lookout for patterns that can help them understand how things work. 00:00:44
By analyzing data, they can construct relationships among numbers 00:00:49
and the scientific principles they are investigating. 00:00:53
Now that you understand the importance of data analysis and measurement, 00:00:57
let's go meet with Professor Alv Egeland. 00:01:00
How is a magnetometer used to measure auroral activity? 00:01:06
In analyzing the graph, what indicates a great disturbance in the Earth's magnetic field? 00:01:09
How are sounding rockets useful to scientists and engineers? 00:01:16
Professor Egeland, how are you? 00:01:22
Fine, thank you. And how are you, Jennifer? 00:01:24
I'm wonderful, I'm wonderful. This is Dr. Odenwald. 00:01:27
Hello, Professor. 00:01:30
Hello, Dr. Odenwald. Nice to meet you. 00:01:31
Nice to meet you, too. 00:01:33
You know, the Andoia Rocket Range is an exciting facility. Can you tell us more about it? 00:01:34
Andoia Rocket Range is the furthest north permanent located rocket range 00:01:39
where we launch rocket and scientific balloons. 00:01:46
It's located here because it's just under the Royal Belt. 00:01:50
And this is the place where we do all the launching of rockets and balloons from Norway. 00:01:54
The range provides complete services for launch, operation, data acquisition, recovery, 00:02:00
and ground instrumented support. 00:02:07
Since 1962, more than 800 rockets have been launched from this range. 00:02:10
We have also hosted scientists and engineers from more than 70 institutes and universities around the world. 00:02:16
Professor, what kind of ground-based measurements do you take here at the range? 00:02:24
Well, we take a lot of different measurements. 00:02:27
But I think the most important is the recording of the Earth's magnetic field. 00:02:31
And for that type of recording, we use a magnetometer. 00:02:35
A magnetometer. 00:02:39
Sounds like an instrument that measures magnets or maybe a magnetic field. 00:02:41
You are on the right track, Jennifer. 00:02:46
A magnetometer can be used to measure weak, short-term variation in the strength of the Earth's geomagnetic field. 00:02:49
It was first used in the year 1800 by Alexander von Humboldt to study aurora and what he called magnetic storms. 00:02:57
These variations are due to electric currents in the upper atmosphere. 00:03:06
The electrons and ions flowing in from distant regions of the Earth's magnetic field cause currents to flow in the ionosphere 00:03:13
and also cause the aurora currents. 00:03:22
So a magnetometer measures a quantity that is directly related to the northern light. 00:03:25
The stronger the magnetic variation, the higher the auroral activity. 00:03:32
Professor, this is just one type of magnetometer, correct? 00:03:37
That's correct, yes. 00:03:40
How do you analyze the data that you collect from a magnetometer? 00:03:42
What we do is really we reproduce some graphic representation. 00:03:45
And if there is a big deviation from the local standard field, we call it a magnetic storm. 00:03:50
And I just want to show you one example here of a big magnetic storm. 00:03:56
And here you can really see big deviation from the local standard field. 00:04:02
The following graph shows a relatively weak magnetic storm. 00:04:09
The magnetometer measures the geomagnetic field along three axes. 00:04:13
North-south or H-component, east-west or D-component, and up-down or Z-component. 00:04:18
This graph is a magnetic field strength versus time plot. 00:04:28
Now here is a plot of a relatively strong magnetic storm. 00:04:33
Probably caused by a disturbance in the solar wind. 00:04:38
What can we conclude from the two graphs? 00:04:42
Hmm, let me see. 00:04:45
The second graph shows more magnetic activity than the first graph. 00:04:46
So I would say the more magnetic activity, the greater the auroral activity. 00:04:50
That's correct, Yennefer. 00:04:56
Notice in this section of the graph the deviations are at the maximum. 00:04:58
If the night sky was clear, we can view the mysterious and beautiful aurora colors. 00:05:03
Magnetometers located here at the range are continuously taking measurements of the local geomagnetic field. 00:05:10
In fact, anyone from around the world can visit the following website 00:05:19
to analyze the geomagnetic activity around the NDR rocket range. 00:05:24
Professor, you mentioned that this facility is known for auroral research using sounding rockets. 00:05:31
Yes, that's correct. 00:05:36
As a matter of fact, that's the main purpose for the rocket range. 00:05:37
We can study the aurora from the ground, but then we just look on the bottom aurora. 00:05:41
If you study the aurora from a satellite, you just study the top of the aurora. 00:05:46
But by using instrumented rocket, you can study the inside of the aurora. 00:05:51
That's why sounding rocket is such a unique platform for auroral studies. 00:05:56
Other instruments on the rocket register electric field and magnetic field 00:06:02
and count particles coming into the atmosphere from distant parts of the Earth's magnetic field. 00:06:08
Consequently, the energy that produces the northern light can be calculated. 00:06:16
During an ordinary winter night in Norway, 00:06:21
the northern light involves more energy than the country use in one year. 00:06:24
A severe auroral storm can produce billions of joules of energy per second. 00:06:30
Professor Egelund, thank you. We learned so much. 00:06:37
It's really my pleasure. 00:06:40
Thank you, too. 00:06:42
Or as we say in Norway, 00:06:44
Gleden var på min side. 00:06:46
Okay, guys. Now it's time for a cue card review. 00:06:50
How is a magnetometer used to measure auroral activity? 00:06:53
In analyzing the graph, what indicates a great disturbance in the Earth's magnetic field? 00:06:57
How are sounding rockets useful to scientists and engineers? 00:07:03
So, did you get all the answers to the questions? 00:07:07
Good. Now, let's review. 00:07:10
We learned about the myths and legends surrounding the northern lights. 00:07:12
And we also learned how ground-based instruments and sounding rockets are used to study the auroras. 00:07:16
Now, we turn our focus to space. 00:07:22
Later in the program, Dr. Nikki Fox will tell us how data analysis and measurement 00:07:25
are used to study the auroras with the help of two NASA satellites, Polar and Timed. 00:07:30
But first, STEM will give us the scoop on image. 00:07:36
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Idioma/s:
en
Materias:
Matemáticas
Niveles educativos:
▼ Mostrar / ocultar niveles
      • Nivel Intermedio
Autor/es:
NASA LaRC Office of Education
Subido por:
EducaMadrid
Licencia:
Reconocimiento - No comercial - Sin obra derivada
Visualizaciones:
440
Fecha:
28 de mayo de 2007 - 16:51
Visibilidad:
Público
Enlace Relacionado:
NASAs center for distance learning
Duración:
07′ 42″
Relación de aspecto:
4:3 Hasta 2009 fue el estándar utilizado en la televisión PAL; muchas pantallas de ordenador y televisores usan este estándar, erróneamente llamado cuadrado, cuando en la realidad es rectangular o wide.
Resolución:
480x360 píxeles
Tamaño:
46.27 MBytes

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