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RIVERS IN SPAIN - Contenido educativo

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Subido el 16 de abril de 2020 por Rodrigo R.

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Hello everyone and welcome to unit number 6 of social science, about rivers in Spain. 00:00:01
In this new unit of social science we'll study rivers in our country. 00:00:12
So first of all we'll start with this map to see the most important rivers that we need 00:00:20
to remember. 00:00:27
If you look at the map, you can see that some of the rivers flow into the Atlantic Ocean 00:00:28
to the west of the Iberian Peninsula, some other rivers flow into the Mediterranean Sea 00:00:38
to the east of the Iberian Peninsula, and some other short rivers flow into the Cantabrian 00:00:46
sea to the north of the Iberian Peninsula, though these rivers are not 00:00:55
shown on the map, but we'll study them later. So, I've got a question. Can you tell me 00:01:01
which rivers flow into the Atlantic Ocean? I'll give you a clue. There are 00:01:09
five rivers that flow into the Atlantic Ocean. Well done! Minho, Duero, Tajo, 00:01:17
Guadiana and Guadalquivir, all of them flow into the Atlantic Ocean to the west 00:01:29
of Spain. Can you find the rivers that flow into the Mediterranean Sea? There are 00:01:37
three rivers flowing into the mediterranean sea and you see them that's it Ebro, Jucar and Segura 00:01:46
the three of them flow to the mediterranean sea and later we'll see the rivers flowing 00:01:56
into the Cantabrian sea. En esta unidad de ciencias sociales vamos a aprender los ríos 00:02:06
most important of the Iberian Peninsula here you have some of them of the most 00:02:15
important that we have to learn starting with the rivers that 00:02:20
they are in the Atlantic Ocean the Niño the Duero the Tajo the Guadiana and the 00:02:24
Guadalquivir and the rivers that are in the Mediterranean Sea the Ebro the Júcar 00:02:30
and the Segura in this map we are missing the rivers that are in the 00:02:36
Cantabrian as the Eo, the Nerrion or the Nalón that we will later see, so apart from these rivers 00:02:40
there are also other rivers, of course these rivers have many afluents that lead to them and that 00:02:49
we will also see little by little throughout this presentation. 00:02:55
We can just have a look at these photos and read this information because it is really 00:03:10
interesting and I'm sure that you will like it. 00:03:17
In Andalusia there is a deep canyon in the Vedic mountain chain called the Gorge of Gaitans. 00:03:21
The river Guadalhorce flows through that canyon. 00:03:30
In the early 20th century, workers at the local power station needed a path to get to 00:03:36
the station. 00:03:43
They constructed a walkway along the side of the gorge, 100 meters above the river Guadalhorce, 00:03:45
so it was really, really, really high. 00:03:53
In 1921 King Alfonso XIII visited this amazing walkway, since then it has been called the 00:03:57
Caminito del Rey or in English the King's path. 00:04:07
So this path was in very bad conditions some years ago and you can see here this photo 00:04:14
that there were some holes and it was really dangerous, people had to climb just to get 00:04:22
from one side of the path to the other one because the path had totally disappeared, 00:04:32
it was demolished, so it was really really really dangerous, but fortunately in 2015 00:04:37
walkway was rebuilt and now tourists can go along the walkway and enjoy the 00:04:46
incredible views from the top and now it's time to travel to the Kings path 00:04:53
here you can watch this video about the path it's really really interesting 00:05:01
video that i recommend you to watch because of the wonderful views of the path and also 00:05:08
their lesson one 00:05:15
muchas son las historias que han circulado a lo largo de los años alrededor del mítico 00:05:16
caminito del rey rehabilitado y reabierto al público en 2015 este sendero discurre a través 00:05:34
Can you see the path here? On the left? There are two paths, in fact, because the one that 00:05:46
is below this one is the old one, the old path, the one that King Alfonso XIII visited. 00:05:56
the new path that was built in 2015 is made up of wood and is above the old one so that's the 00:06:09
reason why there are two paths but if you visited this uh this place this path you would walk 00:06:19
on this one on the new one okay because the last one can't be used any longer 00:06:28
Paraje Natural de Filadero de los Gaitanes, un recorrido fascinante y único, enclavado 00:06:34
entre las localidades malagueñas de Antequera, Ardales y Alora. 00:06:41
you can try to answer on your own and then you can check your own answers with this slide. 00:07:23
And now we are going to study to see what is a river, which is really really important 00:07:33
in this unit. 00:07:41
A river is a large flowing body of fresh water. 00:07:43
We need to distinguish a river and a lake, because it is true that both of them have 00:07:48
got fresh water, but whereas a river flows down from the top of the mountain, from the 00:07:54
source all the way down to the sea, in the case of lakes, water stays in the same place. 00:08:03
So that would be the difference between a river and a lake in general terms. 00:08:14
La diferencia entre un río y un lago es que en el caso de los ríos, el agua fluye desde el nacimiento del río, en la parte alta de las montañas, hasta la desembocadura. 00:08:20
Mientras que en el caso de los lagos, el agua permanece en el mismo lugar. 00:08:33
so rivers begin in high areas in mountains and this place would be the source of the river 00:08:38
the source where the river begins and while the river flows down to the mouth there may be other 00:08:48
tributary rivers that flow into the main river so have a look at this photo on the right and you can 00:09:00
see the main river and the tributary river flowing into it okay this is the tributary river the duero 00:09:11
river has got lots of tributary rivers. For example, the Pisuerga river is a tributary river of the Duero. 00:09:21
El río Duero tiene muchos ríos tributarios o afluentes que desembocan en él. Por ejemplo, 00:09:33
el río Pisuerga es un río afluente del río Duero. ¿Por qué? Porque el río Pisuerga, igual que este, 00:09:40
it flows into the Duero River and then the Duero River continues to its mouth. 00:09:47
Some days ago, do you remember what's the river with the largest flow? 00:10:17
Exactly, the Ebro river, the Ebro is the river with the largest flow in Spain, so it is the river that carries more water, ok? 00:10:23
The Ebro river is the most flowy river in Spain because it is the river with the most water flow, and when we talk about flow, 00:10:36
del caudal del agua de la cantidad de agua que un río lleva y precisamente la cantidad de agua que 00:10:43
un río lleva está condicionada por muchos factores que vamos a ver en este vídeo en concreto vamos a 00:10:51
ver dos que son por un lado como afecta a la montaña y el relieve y por otro lado como afecta 00:10:58
el clima evidentemente en una zona donde llueva más el candado el caudal del río será mayor que 00:11:04
una zona donde llueva menos y haya periodos de sequía y también las montañas afectarán en la 00:11:12
velocidad del río cuanto más alta sea cuanto más alto esté el nacimiento y más cerca esté la 00:11:18
desembocadura mayor será la velocidad del río y luego también depende de la longitud del río 00:11:27
depende del relieve si la desembocadura está muy lejos del nacimiento entonces el río será muy 00:11:34
largo como es el caso del río Ebro que nace en la cordillera cantábrica y desemboca en el mar 00:11:40
mediterráneo tiene un recorrido muy largo so these are some of the aspects that influence rivers and 00:11:46
influence the flow of the river the amount of water that rivers carry so let's watch this video 00:11:53
the flow of the rivers have two main influences 00:12:01
The first one are the mountains and their relief. 00:12:11
Rivers are long when they come from a long way from the sea. 00:12:18
Rivers are short when they rise in mountains near the sea. 00:12:24
But the climate also affects the flow of the rivers. 00:12:30
Rivers in wet climates have an abundant flow. 00:12:35
Rivers in drier climates have an irregular flow. 00:12:39
Let's talk now about the course of a river. 00:12:48
The course of a river is the route of the river from its source to its mouth. 00:12:51
If the main river finds other rivers, these are called tributaries. 00:12:56
also a place where fresh water from the river mixes with the seawater from the 00:13:03
sea this is called stewardy and well this is something that we already know 00:13:08
the beginning the beginning of the river is called the source where the river 00:13:14
starts then while it flows down there may be tributary rivers flowing into the 00:13:21
name river and the Indian part of the river is called the mouth and in that mouth there 00:13:27
may be stories when the fresh water of the river mixes the salt water of oceans so in 00:13:35
this part there is a mixture of fresh and salty water and in this part there may also be deltas 00:13:45
okay with some materials that are left here okay materials that rivers carry 00:13:55
there are deltas places where materials carried by the river are deposited at the mouth 00:14:03
these deltas have normally the shape of a triangle 00:14:11
finally we've got the flow is the amount of water a river carries 00:14:18
If the flow is low in summer and high in winter, we can say it has an irregular flow, but if 00:14:25
the flow stays the same, we say the flow is regular. 00:14:36
To finish, I can tell you that the course of a river is divided into three parts, upper 00:14:44
course middle course and lower course okay and that is really important the three parts of the river 00:14:50
that we are going to see here in this slide you can see that river can be divided into three 00:15:01
different parts the upper course the middle course and the lower course okay these are the three main 00:15:10
parts of the river so the source is in the upper course and the mouth is in the 00:15:17
lower course and in the middle course there may be many tributary rivers 00:15:24
flowing into the main and in here we can see some different photos and videos of 00:15:32
the parts of the river of the upper course every river has three main parts 00:15:43
the upper course the upper course of the river is the part which is closest to 00:15:48
the source the upper course is known for having a narrow shallow riverbed steep 00:15:55
slopes slow moving water and large sediment features of the upper course 00:16:00
include waterfalls v-shaped valleys interlocking spurs and gorges the middle 00:16:05
course. The middle course is the center part of the river. The middle course is known for having 00:16:10
a kind of wide and deep riverbed, pebbles of sediment, and a faster flow than the upper course. 00:16:16
Features of the middle course include meanders and oxbow lakes. The lower course. The lower 00:16:21
course is the part of the river closest to the mouth and is known for many features. For example, 00:16:27
flat land, having the smallest sediment size, e.g. sand, the water's flow being 00:16:32
fastest even though it looks calm, meanders, oxbow lakes, floodplains, levees, 00:16:40
sometimes a delta or estuary, and it's the widest and deepest part of the river. 00:16:48
In the video I have explained the three parts of the river, in the highest part of the river, in the first part, upper course, is where the slope is higher and therefore the water goes down faster and there is also a lot of erosion and therefore there are materials that are mixed with the water and the river carries those materials with it. 00:16:56
and during the middle course 00:17:22
is where those materials continue 00:17:28
and little by little they can be deposited 00:17:31
and also the afluent rivers can appear 00:17:34
and finally in the lower part of the river 00:17:37
is where those materials can be deposited 00:17:40
and the estuaries that we have previously seen are formed 00:17:42
just have to click on this link to access and this is another video about 00:17:55
the river watersheds in Spain that you can watch later this is a map with the 00:18:01
most important rivers here you can see the tributary rivers flowing into the 00:18:08
Duero this is the Pisuerga river by the way and we are going to see now the 00:18:13
rivers that flow into the Atlantic Ocean the runs that flow into the Mediterranean 00:18:21
Sea and the ones that flow into the Cantabrian Sea so the rivers that flow 00:18:26
into the Atlantic Ocean are Minho, Duero, Tajo, Guadalquivir and Guadalquivir 00:18:32
the Minho is here in Galicia, the Duero, Croges, Castilla y Leon and also Portugal 00:18:39
the country that is next to Spain the Tahoe that is the longest river in the 00:18:48
Iberian Peninsula and that by the way we'll see now that it crosses the south 00:18:54
of the autonomous community of Madrid and the Guadalquivir river that crosses 00:19:02
some important cities such as Sevilla and Cordoba so this is the Minya river 00:19:09
crossing Orense in Galicia this is the Duero River crossing the city of Oporto 00:19:16
in Portugal this is the Tajo that is the longest in the Iberian Peninsula crossing 00:19:24
the beautiful city of Toledo in Castilla la Mancha this is the Guadiana River 00:19:32
crossing Badajoz in Extremadura and this is the Guadalquivir River crossing the 00:19:38
city of cordova in andalusia by the way can you tell me what's the name of this building that is 00:19:46
behind the bridge you know the name of this building it is a very famous monument in the 00:19:55
city of cordova it is the mosque that was built by the muslims many many years ago and that by the 00:20:03
way we'll see later when we study history so now we'll see the rivers that flow into the 00:20:10
mediterranean sea first of all the euro river that is the longest river in spain in our country the 00:20:20
source is in the cantabrian mountain range so it is really far away from the mouth the hookah and 00:20:29
de Segura. This is the Ebro river crossing the city of Zaragoza in Aragón and here you've 00:20:39
got some questions about the Ebro river. Where is the source of the Ebro river? Do you remember? 00:20:49
I just said it some seconds ago. The source is in the Cantabrian mountain range. Then 00:20:57
where does it flow to? Where does the Ebro river flow to? Do you remember? You can look 00:21:07
here on this map, the Ebro river flows to the Mediterranean Sea, and what are its tributary 00:21:16
rivers? The tributary rivers of the Ebro are the Segre and Jalón, among many others, because 00:21:25
the Ebro has got many tributary rivers. 00:21:35
So these are the answers to our questions. 00:21:40
And we have also the Juca River that is much shorter than the Ebro, crossing the city of 00:21:43
Cuenca in Castilla-La Mancha. 00:21:49
And this is the Segura River crossing Murcia in Región de Murcia. 00:21:52
And finally, rivers that flow into the Cantabrian Sea. 00:21:58
We have the Nerbion, Eo, Navia and Nalon, and as you can see they are very short, why? 00:22:02
Here you've got the answer, because the source of this river is in the Cantabrian mountain 00:22:10
range, so therefore the source is very close to the mouth and they are very short, ok? 00:22:16
This is the Nerbion's source, you can see here the snow at the top of the mountains 00:22:26
and what happens that when the snow melts then the river begins, ok, while snow is melting 00:22:31
there is fresh water flowing all the way down, and this is the Nervion river crossing a very 00:22:43
important city that you probably know because maybe you've already visited, do you know 00:22:51
name of this city the clue is here this is the clue to know the name of this 00:22:57
city what's the name of this museum that is over here of modern art this is the 00:23:03
Guggenheim Museum and this is the city of Bilbao in the Basque Country and here 00:23:10
you've got the El River crossing Puente Nuevo in Galicia and the Nalón River 00:23:20
crossing Sama in Asturias by the way do you see the materials that are deposited 00:23:25
here so some activities to practice now it's time to remember these are some 00:23:32
activities that you can do later you've got also the answers to check once 00:23:39
finished and this is the end of the unit you did a fantastic job and finally here 00:23:48
in case you want to learn a little bit more you can have a look at this 00:23:58
extension activity about they say a river that well it is an international 00:24:03
competition and it is really really interesting and apart from reading this 00:24:11
if you want you can just have a look at some videos that you can find on YouTube 00:24:16
so this is the end of the presentation I hope it's been useful and see you all 00:24:21
soon bye bye 00:24:28
Autor/es:
RODRIGO RENEDO
Subido por:
Rodrigo R.
Licencia:
Reconocimiento
Visualizaciones:
236
Fecha:
16 de abril de 2020 - 13:49
Visibilidad:
Público
Centro:
Sin centro asignado
Duración:
24′ 33″
Relación de aspecto:
1.78:1
Resolución:
1280x720 píxeles
Tamaño:
138.18 MBytes

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