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CEV 2ESO - 10 Kant's ethical theory - Contenido educativo

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Subido el 21 de julio de 2023 por César Pedro P.

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Kant's ethical theory

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Kant s ethical theory is a formal theory. This means that Kant isn t going to give us 00:00:00
an objective in our life, and he isn t going to give us our rules of behaviour. For Kant 00:00:08
it was very important that rules were autonomously made by every person, so you must make your 00:00:14
own rules. Kant is not going to give you the rules of behaviour. He is only going to tell 00:00:22
you which is the right procedure to make rules that are valid. That s why we call this theory 00:00:28
a procedural ethics. Which is this procedure? How should I make my moral rules so that they 00:00:35
are valid and acceptable? Kant thinks that rules are valid if they follow the categorical 00:00:45
imperative, which can be stated in different ways. The categorical imperative is the rule 00:00:51
to make your runs, the procedure, the way to create them. Firstly, we can state the 00:00:57
categorical imperative saying this. Make rules of behaviour that you can really want to become 00:01:07
a universal law. What does this mean? I must make my rules of behaviour thinking what would 00:01:15
happen if everybody decided the same rules for themselves. Can I really desire that this 00:01:25
happens? Is this a good situation? If the answer is yes, then the rules are valid. If 00:01:34
the answer is no, then the rules are not valid. Let me give you an example. Suppose that I 00:01:43
take the following rule of behaviour. I am going to lie whenever it is convenient for me. Now, 00:01:50
is this rule correctly made? Have I followed the right procedure? Does this rule respect the 00:01:58
categorical imperative? To know it, I must imagine what would happen if everybody decided 00:02:05
the same. Can I really desire to live in a world where everybody can lie when they want? Is this 00:02:13
a desirable situation? Of course not. When I say that I am going to lie whenever it is 00:02:23
convenient, what I actually want is that I am going to lie when I want, but I want other 00:02:29
people to tell me the truth. Because in a world where I don't know if other people are telling 00:02:36
lies to me, there is no trust, and I cannot really know if other people are trustworthy. This is 00:02:41
not a desirable situation. I don't really want this to be a universal rule. What I want is to 00:02:50
be an exception. I am going to lie. All the rest of the people are going to tell the truth. This 00:02:56
is what is forbidden in Kant's ethics. You cannot make rules for yourself that are exceptional. You 00:03:01
must imagine the possibility that everyone uses them, and only if the rules can be 00:03:11
universalizable, then they are correct. There is another way to express this. There is another 00:03:18
way to state the categorical imperative. This other way says, make rules that respect always 00:03:29
people's dignity. Actually, the second formulation is equivalent to the first. Let's see it with the 00:03:39
previous example. What happens if my rule of behavior is I am going to lie whenever it is 00:03:49
convenient for me? This doesn't respect human dignity. Because if I am going to lie is to take 00:03:54
advantage of you. I want to manipulate you for my own benefit. This means I am not respecting your 00:04:02
dignity. I am not treating you as a person. I am treating you as an instrument, as a means to obtain 00:04:08
my goals, and not as an end in yourself as a person. This is what is forbidden in Kant's theory. 00:04:16
You cannot make rules that treat people like instruments, because people are not instruments, 00:04:27
people have dignity, and they should have been treated, they must be treated with respect. So the 00:04:32
categorical imperative in both formulations gives you the same clues. Those rules that satisfy the 00:04:38
categorical imperative are correct. Those that don't are not morally acceptable. 00:04:46
Idioma/s:
en
Autor/es:
César Prestel
Subido por:
César Pedro P.
Licencia:
Reconocimiento - No comercial - Compartir igual
Visualizaciones:
25
Fecha:
21 de julio de 2023 - 11:27
Visibilidad:
Público
Centro:
IES CERVANTES
Duración:
04′ 53″
Relación de aspecto:
1.78:1
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