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Measuring Earthquakes

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Subido el 28 de mayo de 2007 por EducaMadrid

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NASA Sci Files segment explaining how scientists measure the power of earthquakes by using the Richter Scale and the Moment Magnitude Scale.

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That must be the earthquake theater. 00:00:00
I hope it's not like the hurricane room that Bianca and Catherine went to. 00:00:06
Treehouse detectives? 00:00:11
That's us. 00:00:12
Nice to meet you, Dr. Tang. 00:00:13
I hear you're interested in experiencing an earthquake. 00:00:14
Well, I don't know about that, but we do need to learn more about how experts measure the 00:00:16
power of earthquakes. 00:00:20
One such scale is called the Richter scale. 00:00:22
It tells us the strength of an earthquake. 00:00:24
Are there other scales that scientists use? 00:00:26
Now scientists prefer a more precise scale called the moment magnitude scale. 00:00:28
It's a number that tells us about the energy released from an earthquake. 00:00:33
What's the number of our earthquake? 00:00:36
Well, if it was a quake that people could feel, it must be at least a 2. 00:00:37
A moderate earthquake is about a 5. 00:00:42
Wasn't there a major earthquake here in San Francisco in 1906? 00:00:44
What was its number? 00:00:47
It was a 7.7, but to understand what that means, you really ought to experience the 00:00:49
earthquake. 00:00:53
I'm not sure I want to do that. 00:00:54
Don't worry. 00:00:56
It's quite safe. 00:00:57
We're doing it here in the Earthquake Theater at the California Academy of Sciences. 00:00:59
Don't forget to bring the camera. 00:01:02
I got it. 00:01:03
At 5.40 on October 17, 1989, the San Francisco Wind Area experienced a powerful earthquake. 00:01:29
Cool. 00:01:37
It seems so real. 00:01:38
How do scientists know so much? 00:01:39
Well, we looked at people's diaries and also had houses and churches that were damaged 00:01:42
during the earthquake and also how the earthquake ruptured the ground around San Francisco during 00:01:46
the time period. 00:01:51
I guess observations are important. 00:01:52
Your science journal might be valuable evidence one day. 00:01:54
Yes. 00:01:56
Well, take a look at this earthquake questionnaire. 00:01:57
You'll see that even today, even with sophisticated instruments, scientists still depend on people's 00:02:00
experiences to understand earthquakes. 00:02:05
Wow. 00:02:07
Look at this. 00:02:08
They want to know if it was difficult to stand or walk. 00:02:09
And did objects rattle or fall off the shelf? 00:02:11
Here's a simple question. 00:02:15
What's your zip code? 00:02:16
Does it make a difference where you live? 00:02:18
Yes. 00:02:20
The effects of an earthquake vary greatly depending on how far away from the source you are. 00:02:21
You mean the farther away you are, the less shaking you feel from a quake? 00:02:24
Yes, but it also depends on what the ground is like. 00:02:28
What does the ground have to do with it? 00:02:31
Well, let's take a look at this gelatin. 00:02:33
If I push on it even a little bit, it jiggles a lot. 00:02:35
And yet, if I take a rock, no matter how hard I push on it, it's not going to jiggle at 00:02:38
all. 00:02:44
I know where I would want to stand during an earthquake. 00:02:45
Solid rock. 00:02:47
That's right. 00:02:48
Houses built on mud and sand don't do so well during an earthquake. 00:02:49
Thanks, Dr. Tang. 00:02:53
You're welcome. 00:02:54
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Idioma/s:
en
Niveles educativos:
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Autor/es:
NASA LaRC Office of Education
Subido por:
EducaMadrid
Licencia:
Reconocimiento - No comercial - Sin obra derivada
Visualizaciones:
178
Fecha:
28 de mayo de 2007 - 15:33
Visibilidad:
Público
Enlace Relacionado:
NASAs center for distance learning
Duración:
02′ 55″
Relación de aspecto:
4:3 Hasta 2009 fue el estándar utilizado en la televisión PAL; muchas pantallas de ordenador y televisores usan este estándar, erróneamente llamado cuadrado, cuando en la realidad es rectangular o wide.
Resolución:
480x360 píxeles
Tamaño:
17.65 MBytes

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