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War of independence - Contenido educativo

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Subido el 17 de noviembre de 2023 por Maria Eugenia E.

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The Spanish War of Independence, also known as the Peninsular War, was a 00:00:00
significant conflict during the Napoleonic Wars. It lasted from 1808 to 00:00:04
1814. After the war against Great Britain, Carlos IV, the Spanish king, 00:00:09
and his valido, Manuel Godoy, decided to create an alliance with France and 00:00:16
Napoleon to combat England, their common enemy, together. By the Treaty of Fontainebleau, 00:00:21
Spain allowed French troops to pass through Spain to occupy Portugal, which 00:00:27
was Great Britain's ally. In 1808, the Aranjuez Riot caused Godoy's resignation 00:00:32
and the king's abdication. The French forces took advantage of the situation 00:00:39
and occupied Spain as well, sending Carlos IV and his son, Fernando VII, 00:00:45
to Bayonne, France, where they gave up the Spanish crown to Napoleon's brother, 00:00:49
José Bonaparte, who started doing reforms with the help of Spanish liberals called 00:00:53
afrancesados. Napoleon became Emperor of France in 1804. In Spain, Charles IV was 00:00:59
more interesting in hunting than governing. His wife, Maria Luisa, and the 00:01:07
Secretary of State, Godoy, managed politician affairs. However, Godoy was 00:01:13
not well received at court, as he was rumored to have a romantic relationship 00:01:19
with Queen Maria Luisa. The kings had a son named Ferdinand, which many wanted 00:01:24
as a successor in order to remove the politician Godoy. He supported the Treaty 00:01:30
of Fontainebleau, where, after inviting Poltavar, the country would be divided 00:01:36
into three zones. In March 1808, the royal family, following the Godoy's advice, 00:01:40
tried to escape to Aranjuez to go into exile in the American colonies because 00:01:47
of popular discomfort. However, the people were not convinced and, on the 17th of 00:01:52
March, the mutiny of Aranjuez was unleashed. This mutiny was aimed at 00:01:58
removing Godoy and making Charles IV abdicate in favor of his son, 00:02:04
Ferdinand, who would become Ferdinand VII. In May 1808, two months later, 00:02:08
Napoleon made Ferdinand VII abdicate in favor of his father, Charles IV. 00:02:14
And then, Charles IV resigned in favor of Napoleon, who named his brother, 00:02:19
Joseph I, as king of Spain. This is known as the abdication of Pallon. 00:02:25
These changes caused internal division. On one side were the afrancesados, who 00:02:30
supported Joseph I and supported liberal ideas. On the other hand, there 00:02:37
were the patriots, who opposed the French occupation and were characterized 00:02:42
by a strong affection for their homeland and nationalism. 00:02:46
Phases of the Spanish War of Independence. The 2nd of May 1808, the 00:02:50
people of Madrid in arms, followed by the rest of the country, and thus started the 00:02:57
Spanish War of Independence. First stage, May to November 1808. Throughout the 00:03:02
first stage of the war, Napoleon's Grand Army attempted to conquer the entire 00:03:11
peninsula. However, they were defeated at the Battle of Bailén. More than a portion 00:03:15
of his army died in Valencia and 200 fighters lost their lives. As a result, 00:03:22
the French fled to the Pyrenees. On the 2nd of November 1808, Napoleon arrived in 00:03:27
Bayonne and had to reorganize his troops into two armies to conquer Spain and 00:03:32
Portugal. Second stage, 1808 to 1811. As the war progressed, French domination 00:03:38
began. The Battle of Talavera and the Battle of Ocaña caused the defeat of 00:03:47
the Anglo-Spanish army. Napoleon saw this as an opportunity to begin 00:03:52
conquering Spain, causing the Junta Suprema Central to retreat first to 00:03:58
Seville, then to Cadiz. Third stage, in the final phase of the French Empire's 00:04:02
decline, the Spanish formed guerrilla forces, composed of former soldiers and 00:04:08
peasants, alongside the Portuguese and British armies, successfully defeating 00:04:12
the French. Napoleon's subsequent major defeat in Europe marked the end of his 00:04:17
dominance. In September 1812, the Cadiz Cortes was created, leading to the 00:04:22
Spanish Constitution, la Pepa, which separated powers and asserted national 00:04:29
sovereignty. Napoleon withdrew his soldiers from Spain to focus on European 00:04:34
wars. Outcomes of the Spanish War of Independence. As the Spaniards were 00:04:39
fighting against the French, 1809, the Latin-Spanish people took the idea of 00:04:46
becoming independent from Spain and started a series of battles that then 00:04:51
started the Latin-Spanish War of Independence. When Napoleon is defeated 00:04:55
in the Battle of Arapilis, and forced to retire his army from Spain to fight 00:05:00
against other wars in Europe, Napoleon and Fernando VII signed the Treaty of 00:05:05
Barenquet 1813, offered the friendship and peace between them. After all the 00:05:10
battles and destruction of villages and cities, Spain suffered another economic 00:05:17
crisis. There was a depression in agricultural production, which caused 00:05:22
starving and even the death of many people. Fun facts. Number one, José I 00:05:26
was named Pepe de Botella because he drank too much wine. Number two, it's also 00:05:32
said that when he fled from Madrid, he left his crown behind, and some French 00:05:38
soldiers found it and used it for bowling. Number three, Manuel Rodoy was 00:05:44
said to use a large quantity of perfume, and according to legend, during his arrest 00:05:50
in France, the soldiers that captured him complained about his cell always smelling 00:05:55
too much like loan. 00:05:59
Subido por:
Maria Eugenia E.
Licencia:
Dominio público
Visualizaciones:
4
Fecha:
17 de noviembre de 2023 - 20:31
Visibilidad:
Clave
Centro:
IES ALDEBARAN
Duración:
06′ 04″
Relación de aspecto:
1.78:1
Resolución:
1920x1080 píxeles
Tamaño:
655.77 MBytes

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