Saltar navegación

Activa JavaScript para disfrutar de los vídeos de la Mediateca.

1.1. Ordinary people - Contenido educativo

Ajuste de pantalla

El ajuste de pantalla se aprecia al ver el vídeo en pantalla completa. Elige la presentación que más te guste:

Subido el 20 de septiembre de 2020 por Ruben P.

124 visualizaciones

Más información Transcripción

Descargar la transcripción

In the second video, we are going to study the ordinary people. You know that the ordinary people is a group of people composed by slaves, composed by peasants, composed by bourgeoisie, okay? 00:00:01
So what we see is the ordinary people, this layer of the social pyramid, this group of the social pyramid, is a heterogeneous group, because you can see that we have in the same group the bourgeoisie, that they are going to be rich, most of them are going to be rich, and we are going to have, along with them, in the same layer, we have the peasants, that they are going to be poor. 00:00:17
basically all of them or most of them or the vast majority are going to be poor 00:00:43
so if we find in this group in this layer in this social group the ordinary 00:00:48
people rich and poor people is because we are going to classify the society 00:00:53
based on this the privileges so the idea is the ordinary people are those people 00:00:58
that they could be rich or poor it doesn't matter the important thing is 00:01:04
that they have no privileges they are not part of the nobility and they are 00:01:08
not part of the clergy so the ordinary people is a heterogeneous group because 00:01:12
we have very different people but all of them they share one characteristic to 00:01:18
not have privileges this social group the ordinary people is called in France 00:01:25
third state and is called in Spain general state I I need to name these 00:01:32
that they call the ordinary people in France third state because this third 00:01:40
state is going to be really important it means these ordinary people this social 00:01:46
group is going to be really important during the French Revolution that we are 00:01:51
going to see in the next unit so that's it we are going to talk about the 00:01:57
ordinary people that they are that is called in France third state so keep 00:02:04
that in mind and remember they are not privileged, they have no privileges or 00:02:08
they are not privileged. Again as the nobility and the clergy we are talking 00:02:12
about an heterogeneous group as I said so it's heterogeneous we have rich and 00:02:19
poor people but the important thing is all of them they do not have privileges 00:02:23
so let's see this heterogeneous group can be classified in two main groups the 00:02:27
people the ordinary people living in the rural areas and the ordinary people 00:02:35
living in the cities and inside of the people living in the rural areas we can 00:02:40
have two groups the first group is going to be the peasants that they are that 00:02:46
they are not rich but they they they are called well-to-do farmers in Spanish 00:02:55
would be agricultores acomodados it means they have a good life quality they have a good life 00:03:01
quality but they are not exactly rich but for sure they are not poor okay so they have money enough 00:03:10
okay in order to have a good life quality so let's talk about this minority that they are the 00:03:19
well-to-do farmers. Well-to-do means acomodado, and acomodado means that you have money enough 00:03:27
to have a good life, a good way of life, a good life quality, okay? So, inside the rural areas, 00:03:33
I'm talking about the ordinary people. What we have is this minority. They are a few 00:03:42
of well-to-do farmers. Why they are well-to-do farmers? Because they have money thanks to this 00:03:47
a small piece of land that they own it means the this the land that they are working in 00:03:54
it's its property okay it's their property so the idea is this minority of well-to-do farmers 00:04:04
they have a small pieces of land in property okay they are the ownerships of these small pieces of 00:04:12
land it means they are not working for a novel they are not paying to work in the 00:04:21
in the land because the land they are working in okay belongs to them make 00:04:28
sense so inside the ordinary people inside the rural areas what we find is 00:04:36
this minority of what to do farmers and also this majority of poor peasants we 00:04:41
are going to find this majority of poor peasants that they can work renting the 00:04:47
lands it means working the land of a noble okay and paying for renting the 00:04:53
land for working the land okay they do not own the land the land belongs to the 00:05:00
noble and they are working this land okay and they pay for working this land 00:05:05
in two ways they could have two options in order to pay or they pay to the 00:05:12
novel with a percentage of the production of the land it means they 00:05:17
produce I don't know a wheat okay so pass part of the production is going to 00:05:23
be for the novel that the land belongs to okay and the other option is to pay 00:05:29
using money okay in cash so what they are going to do is I'm going to pay you 00:05:36
the Nobel okay a quantity of money in order to work the land okay the important 00:05:41
thing is these well-to-do farmers okay along with these poor peasants that work 00:05:49
the land renting the land they are free they can move they can leave the land 00:05:56
they can go wherever they want however inside this majority of poor 00:06:01
peasants we are going to find also those peasants that they are going to work the 00:06:06
Lord's land so it means they are going to work the manorial lands it means they 00:06:10
are going to work the lands of a feudal Lord and in this case okay they work 00:06:15
this Lord's land okay but they cannot leave the lands they are not free so 00:06:22
they are going to work in the lost land forever 00:06:28
okay so you understand the difference between these social groups this these 00:06:31
groups inside the ordinary people we have the well-to-do farmers that they 00:06:35
have enough money they have money because they own the lands they are 00:06:39
working in we have a majority of poor peasants that they could be free because 00:06:43
they work the lands by renting them okay they do not they do not the last do not 00:06:49
belong to the peasants these peasants but they pay for working them or they 00:06:55
can be peasants poor peasants working the Lord's land it means they are 00:07:03
working in a feudal land so that they are not free and also they are working 00:07:08
the land this type of peasants they are working the Lord's land came from the 00:07:13
medieval ages okay they are families that they are working this Lord lands 00:07:19
for generations okay the other the other area okay well this is a painting or in 00:07:23
the 19th century and what you are going to see is this two peasants that they 00:07:33
are working the lands and they are resting now drinking a little bit of 00:07:38
water okay in order to rest and continue working later the other the ordinary 00:07:43
people could live in rural areas divided into these two groups or living in the 00:07:50
cities in the urban areas so in the urban areas we are going to find three 00:07:54
type of three groups okay of course most of the people that live in the cities 00:07:59
These are part of the bourgeoisie or they are artisans, but also we are going to find 00:08:05
a third group, un tercer grupo, and this third group is formed by poor people that they are 00:08:11
going to be homeless people or beggars, beggars son mendigos and homeless vagabundos. 00:08:19
They have no home and these ones are begging for money, begging for money. 00:08:25
the idea is on the bottom of the social pyramid we are going to find these 00:08:31
people but they are poor they have no money okay and they can be or homeless 00:08:35
or beggars in order to be a homeless or a beggar there are two options or you 00:08:40
were you or you had money in the past you used to have money you lost the 00:08:48
money somehow we don't know how but they lose the money they lost the money 00:08:52
somehow and now they are poor they are homeless and beggars okay or the other 00:08:57
option is remember those peasants that they were working the feudal lands those 00:09:05
that they were not free and they were working the lands forever they work the 00:09:11
the lands of the feudal lord okay those they could try to run away it means 00:09:16
escape from the feudal lands the the lands of the Lord and they are going to 00:09:25
go to the cities in order to survive by begging money okay so it means poor 00:09:33
poor peasants that they have no money okay that they are going to run away 00:09:41
from the they are going to run away from the they are going to run away from the 00:09:47
further lands and what they are going to do okay is to be free in the city but 00:09:56
they are going to be poor too okay so the idea is they prefer to be poor and 00:10:03
free rather than to be poor and to be a servant in the further lands that's the 00:10:08
So in the bottom of the social pyramid in the cities we can find homeless people and beggars that they could be just poor people, they used to have money and they have no money, or they can be former peasants that came from the feudal lands in order to be free and in order to try to survive by begging money. 00:10:13
The other group are going to be the intermediate layers, this intermediate layer is composed 00:10:41
by artisans working in guilds, servants that they are going to be working in the houses 00:10:49
of the nobles for example, like they are going to make the food or they are going to clean 00:10:57
the house etc and also manual workers these manual workers are not going to 00:11:05
produce products because the people that these producing the produce are the 00:11:12
artisans they are going to be for example building the houses or repairing 00:11:17
the houses or repairing the streets etc in the highest label these are artisans 00:11:23
okay in the in their workshop and in the higher in the higher layer what we in 00:11:30
this in the cities okay in the higher layer in the social pyramid of the cities 00:11:37
we are going to find the bourgeoisie so the bourgeoisie are going to be a small 00:11:41
merchants it means that they are trading but they have not that much money civil 00:11:48
servants that they are going to be for example doctors they can be teachers 00:11:54
etc businessman businessmen sorry and rich traders that they are going to 00:12:01
beneficiary of that colonial trade it means that they are going to be rich due 00:12:09
to this colonial trade the businessman and the rich traders are going to 00:12:14
benefit from this colonial trade okay they are going to get the money from 00:12:19
this colonial trade make sense so these are the social groups that they are 00:12:23
going to compose these ordinary people as you can see is a heterogeneous social 00:12:30
group these ordinary people that they are going to be divided in rural areas 00:12:35
and cities and in the rural areas we have these well-to-do farmers with money 00:12:39
and they own the lands and the poor peasants work in the lands of the noble 00:12:44
In the other hand, what we have is people living in the cities, homeless and beggars 00:12:52
that they have no money, the intermediate layer with the artists and servants and manual 00:12:58
workers, and finally the rich bourgeoisie. 00:13:03
So the last thing we need to see in this video is the rise of the bourgeoisie. 00:13:07
In the 18th century we are going to see how the bourgeoisie is going to acquire political 00:13:12
power. 00:13:16
remember the bourgeoisie is part of the ordinary people but in the 18th century we are going to see 00:13:17
how this bourgeoisie is going to acquire political power due to their economic power not all the 00:13:22
countries are going to have a strong bourgeoisie means bourgeoisie with political power we are 00:13:33
going to have Italy Great Britain or the Netherlands as European countries okay 00:13:39
that they are going to have political power that they are going to rise they 00:13:46
are going to go they are going to go up in the social pyramid so which are going 00:13:52
to be the characteristics who are who is going to be this strong bourgeoisie or 00:14:00
powerful bourgeoisie that control the cities. We are talking about bankers, it means people that 00:14:06
control the bank. Liberal professions, that means what I said before, doctors, teachers, etc. 00:14:14
Big merchants and producers that are those that they are controlling the colonial trade. 00:14:23
So what we see is in the 18th century, we are going to have a powerful bourgeoisie in some countries 00:14:32
Okay, they are going to be bankers. They are going to be big merchants, etc 00:14:38
And if they are going to be powerful and they are going to have political power is 00:14:43
Because these people 00:14:50
started to bought 00:14:52
titles of nobility 00:14:55
It means they have that much money that they can pay the king in order to be part of the nobility 00:14:57
So the idea is that they are going to buy these 00:15:05
titles of nobility and pieces of land in order to try to go up in the social pyramid and 00:15:09
some of them 00:15:16
Basically in Italy, Great Britain and the Netherlands most of them are going to achieve this position 00:15:18
they are going to acquire the same privileges as the nobility and the 00:15:23
clergy okay so in the 18th century what we are going to see is how the bourgeoisie 00:15:28
basically in these countries okay are going to be really powerful okay because 00:15:34
they are going to be bankers etc and they are going to vote these titles of 00:15:40
nobility in order to have these same privileges as the nobility and the 00:15:45
clergy. Make sense? So that's the idea. We are going to have these bankers, you know, 00:15:50
here are represented with the money and the accounts, writing the money invested 00:15:57
in or obtained by a different business. So that's the idea. This rise of the 00:16:03
bourgeoisie is going to take place in the 18th century. Why is it going to take 00:16:10
place in these countries and not in Spain? Because in Spain the nobility and 00:16:15
the clergy are going to have more power than the bourgeoisie okay because in 00:16:20
Spain trade okay and bankers are going to be a few no there are not going to be 00:16:25
that much or that many sorry bankers and merchants and producers but we are going 00:16:33
to see that they are a few most of them most of the bankers and big merchants 00:16:39
are going to be in Great Britain Italy and the Netherlands so that's why the 00:16:46
these countries are going to have a strong a powerful bourgeoisie okay and 00:16:51
this powerful bourgeoisie is going to be able to buy titles of nobility okay and 00:16:56
lands in order to be part of the nobility okay to have the same 00:17:02
privileges as the nobility and the clergy so that they are going to be not 00:17:07
only the economic power but also the political power and you can say okay if 00:17:13
this bourgeoisie is going to have privileges why the French Revolution is 00:17:21
going to take place okay the thing is this process okay of buying titles of 00:17:26
nobility is going to be stopped at the end of the 18th century and it's going 00:17:32
to be stopped at the end of the 18th century because the king realized that if the nobility 00:17:38
start to be privileged people they are not going to pay taxes so that the king is going to collect 00:17:46
less money and less money so that the king is going to stop providing titles of nobility to 00:17:57
bourgeoisie in that moment the bourgeoisie is going to say okay I cannot have the 00:18:04
privileges I'm going to I'm going to keep paying the taxes okay that's it 00:18:11
they are going to carry out the French Revolution or in America the revolution 00:18:16
at the American Revolution with the 13 colonies it means the United States the 00:18:23
formation of the United States okay any doubt you ask me in class 00:18:27
Idioma/s:
en
Autor/es:
RUBÉN PEINADO GONZÁLEZ
Subido por:
Ruben P.
Licencia:
Dominio público
Visualizaciones:
124
Fecha:
20 de septiembre de 2020 - 15:09
Visibilidad:
Público
Centro:
IES ANTARES
Duración:
18′ 36″
Relación de aspecto:
1.78:1
Resolución:
1280x720 píxeles
Tamaño:
80.50 MBytes

Del mismo autor…

Ver más del mismo autor

EducaMadrid, Plataforma Educativa de la Comunidad de Madrid

Plataforma Educativa EducaMadrid