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Destination Tomorrow - DT17 - Eating In Space

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Subido el 28 de mayo de 2007 por EducaMadrid

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Third segment of episode 17 that contains the How it Works segment in which Astronaut Michael Foale describes what eating in space is like.

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Many of us have only dreamed of going to space, 00:00:00
but only a few of the best and brightest have actually had the opportunity. 00:00:03
But an even smaller amount have spent long periods of time there. 00:00:07
The experiments and data collected from these pioneers 00:00:11
is helping scientists and future astronauts 00:00:14
learn more about the effects of long-duration missions on the human body. 00:00:16
One of these pioneers that has spent significant time in space 00:00:20
helping lead the way is astronaut Michael Foll. 00:00:23
A veteran of six space flights, 00:00:26
Foll is credited with four spacewalks totaling almost 23 hours. 00:00:28
He's also spent time on both the Russian space station Mir 00:00:33
and was the commander of Expedition 8 aboard the International Space Station. 00:00:36
He currently holds the U.S. record for time spent in space 00:00:40
at 374 days, 11 hours, and 19 minutes. 00:00:44
So who better to help us understand what it's like to actually live and eat in space? 00:00:48
I spoke with Dr. Foll to find out how it works. 00:00:53
The International Space Station is without doubt 00:01:01
one of the most amazing structures ever built. 00:01:04
Orbiting Earth some 242 miles above us, 00:01:06
its stated goal is to teach us how to live in space for long periods of time. 00:01:09
Although there are many areas of scientific study being researched, 00:01:13
one of the most important is food technology. 00:01:16
Understanding how the human body interacts with food in microgravity 00:01:19
may be one of several key questions that need to be answered 00:01:22
when we travel outside of Earth's orbit for long periods of time. 00:01:25
Who better to ask about food in space than an astronaut who spent over a year 00:01:28
on both the ISS and the Mir eating a variety of different foods? 00:01:31
Astronaut Mike Foll will give us a skinny on what it's like to live in space 00:01:35
and to find out how it works. 00:01:38
Eating in space is a treat. 00:01:41
Basically you get hungry, you get thirsty just like we do on Earth. 00:01:44
I think after the first day in space, when you get launched into space, 00:01:48
your stomach lifts up a little bit as you float. 00:01:51
And so for the very first hours after arrival in space, 00:01:55
there isn't a desire to eat. 00:01:59
And that's because you're finding some vestibular issues, some nausea. 00:02:02
But those pass, and they pass pretty quickly. 00:02:06
In my case, two or three hours. 00:02:09
After about two orbits, an orbit is one and a half hours, 90 minutes. 00:02:12
After about two or three orbits, you're starting to get ready 00:02:16
to take off your space suit that you used to launch into space. 00:02:19
In my last flight, it was on a Soyuz rocket. 00:02:22
You get out of this cramped space, stretch out, 00:02:25
you change clothes into something soft, not this bulky, awkward space suit. 00:02:28
And then you think about eating. 00:02:32
There are many different types of fares, food fare, I mean, in space. 00:02:34
On the Soyuz rocket, which is probably the most meager food cuisine 00:02:39
I've come across in my career, 00:02:43
the Soyuz simply has dried foods and juices. 00:02:46
This food is really not made for a real meal. 00:02:52
However, it's enough to get us by for the two days it takes 00:02:55
to get to the International Space Station. 00:02:58
You get to the space station after two days, 00:03:04
and, oh, it's a wonderful, wonderful sight, 00:03:07
because you know not only there are friends there, 00:03:10
there's more places to stretch out and move about, big windows, 00:03:13
but there's also food, real food, and they're talking to you about it. 00:03:17
You know, they're saying, hey, what should we put on for you? 00:03:21
And the first thing that came to my mind was I remembered my experience 00:03:24
of Russian foods and American foods that we shared 50-50. 00:03:27
Where do we keep our food? 00:03:30
The red boxes are Russian food. 00:03:33
The blue boxes are American food. 00:03:37
Why do we have so few American boxes? 00:03:41
That's a good question. 00:03:45
I'm not sure what I'm going to have for that, 00:03:48
but I think it's going to be American. 00:03:50
Ah. 00:03:56
I've got chocolate pudding cake. 00:03:58
Not sure I want that just yet. 00:04:01
All right. I don't know. 00:04:04
Let's try something else. 00:04:06
One of the worst things to eat in space, but they still keep sending it, 00:04:08
both Americans and Russians, they send crackers. 00:04:11
And you eat crackers, and they go... 00:04:14
And you have all these crumbs flying out. 00:04:16
And the whole issue is to somehow put the cracker into your mouth 00:04:18
and then sort of seal your lips around it 00:04:21
and then crunch on it so the crumbs don't explode out of your mouth. 00:04:24
Tell me, does food in space taste differently than it does here on Earth? 00:04:28
The whole issue of taste in space is one of, I think, research. 00:04:32
In my personal experience, I don't believe my taste, 00:04:36
my sensation of taste really changes in space. 00:04:40
I did notice on my first long-duration flight on the space station Mir, 00:04:44
over time I started to want or crave salty foods more. 00:04:48
So, Mike, when it's time to eat, do you guys, you know, 00:04:52
all get together at the table, or do you sit by yourself? 00:04:55
What's the procedure? 00:04:58
Well, the most important thing I think anybody does in their day is eat. 00:05:00
And what do we do? We're social creatures, human beings, 00:05:04
and we like to eat together. 00:05:07
And that's where social events normally occur, is around food or drink. 00:05:09
The same is true in space. 00:05:13
And as the commander of the International Space Station, 00:05:15
I understood very, very clearly that I was not going to let us, 00:05:18
just two of us for most of the time, 00:05:22
Sasha, Clary, and myself, eat at different times. 00:05:24
Because then we would start to come apart, we wouldn't understand each other, 00:05:27
there wouldn't be the exchange. 00:05:31
It would just be very, very poor. 00:05:33
It's hard enough living for six and a half months in a small space 00:05:35
with only one other person far away from everybody else. 00:05:38
So I said, Sasha, we're going to have breakfast, 00:05:41
we're going to have maybe, you know, a coffee break at about 11, 00:05:43
then we're going to go to lunch, and we're going to have fixed lunch, 00:05:46
and we're not going to let the ground bother us, 00:05:50
and we're going to make it clear to the ground we don't want to be bothered. 00:05:52
Then we're going to go to tea at about, like, 4, 00:05:55
then we go to evening meal at about 7. 00:05:58
And sure enough, we then got this routine going. 00:06:00
This is a good example of a space shuttle tray, 00:06:05
not often used, simply because the tray really is designed to hold your food. 00:06:08
Now, here in front of you, it's very convenient for me 00:06:14
to just hold the implements that I would use to talk about eating. 00:06:17
But actually, on the International Space Station, 00:06:20
or indeed on the space shuttle, there's so much Velcro patches around 00:06:22
that you can always use the same food implements or items 00:06:26
to simply stick your food to whatever Velcro is near you. 00:06:30
Any wall, any surface generally has some Velcro nearby, 00:06:35
and it attaches just with a little Velcro circle. 00:06:38
They always make a point on the space station or on the space shuttle 00:06:42
to have hook Velcro on the items that you would attach, 00:06:45
and they always have pile Velcro on the walls. 00:06:49
Pile is softer, it doesn't scratch your skin, for one thing, 00:06:54
so it's just more comfortable to be around everywhere. 00:06:56
And then you make hook Velcro the stuff that's just kind of small and specific. 00:06:59
And so I'm holding right here minestrone soup. 00:07:03
Notice there's a barcode. 00:07:07
There's also soup minestrone, which is in Russian, and I read that for you. 00:07:09
The barcode is used in the case that we have to do any food logging experiments. 00:07:14
We know exactly how many calories, what the food value is of this packet, 00:07:20
and we have food specialists who know exactly what's in this, 00:07:23
all the vitamins, all the calories, fats, etc., and cholesterols. 00:07:26
If we're going to drink water, for example, we would still log it. 00:07:30
Even though there's no calories in it, we would scan the packet, 00:07:33
and we'd fill it with the right amount of water. 00:07:37
So we've been talking about all this food. 00:07:39
I mean, how do you control your weight in orbit? 00:07:41
Obviously, you eat more or you eat less, and your weight will change. 00:07:43
In space, the initial reaction, the first two days, is for you to go to toilet a lot, 00:07:47
and you lose a lot of fluids. 00:07:56
You probably lose 5 to 10 pounds just in the first two days, just through fluid loss. 00:07:59
And a lot of the fluid is coming from your legs. 00:08:04
It's also shifting up into your upper body. 00:08:07
And that's why when you see people on television from space, 00:08:09
they kind of have slightly puffed-up cheeks. 00:08:13
I do believe we actually lose that fluid shift somewhat in our faces, 00:08:15
because we've basically just lost fluid. 00:08:19
So that's a change in the body, and so you have lost weight at that point. 00:08:22
And we measure our mass every two weeks. 00:08:25
And the first month of my flight, we talk to our flight surgeons, our doctors, every week, 00:08:28
about how things are going, and generally it's always, 00:08:33
how you're doing, you know, nothing's wrong, etc. 00:08:35
They want us to eat enough so that our mass, our weight on Earth, stays the same. 00:08:38
And they know that when you come back to Earth, those astronauts, 00:08:46
and we've had many different types of flight, many different cases, 00:08:50
those astronauts that have not kept their weight on orbit, but have lost weight, 00:08:54
do very poorly recovering on Earth. 00:08:59
They don't get their fluids back into their body quick enough. 00:09:02
They aren't strong enough to move around easily. 00:09:05
So I was being told by my flight surgeon, Mike, eat. 00:09:07
And I went, yes, I will. 00:09:12
So it was simply a license to eat. 00:09:15
So that's how it works. 00:09:17
So if you're into really expensive takeout, I've got the stuff for you. 00:09:19
Mmm, minestrone. 00:09:24
That's all for this edition of NASA's Destination Tomorrow. 00:09:26
I'm Cara O'Brien. 00:09:29
For all of us here at NASA, we'll see you next time. 00:09:31
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Idioma/s:
en
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Autor/es:
NASA LaRC Office of Education
Subido por:
EducaMadrid
Licencia:
Reconocimiento - No comercial - Sin obra derivada
Visualizaciones:
745
Fecha:
28 de mayo de 2007 - 17:05
Visibilidad:
Público
Enlace Relacionado:
NASAs center for distance learning
Duración:
09′ 33″
Relación de aspecto:
4:3 Hasta 2009 fue el estándar utilizado en la televisión PAL; muchas pantallas de ordenador y televisores usan este estándar, erróneamente llamado cuadrado, cuando en la realidad es rectangular o wide.
Resolución:
480x360 píxeles
Tamaño:
55.56 MBytes

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