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Invisible Women in History: Rosa Parks
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Invisible Women in History project
Born as Rosa Louise Parks in Tuskegee, Alabama, on February 2, 1913, Rosa Parks is one of the most significant American civil rights activists.
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She was the daughter of James McCauley, who worked as a carpenter, and Leona Carley, who was a teacher.
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When she was only two, her parents got divorced and she started to live with her grandparents, her mother, and her brother in a farm in Pine Level, Alabama.
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In this place, Rosa would start her studies. Not until she was 11 years old did Rosa go to a public school.
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Before that, she was homeschooled by her mother.
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At the age of 11, she attended the industrial school for girls in Montgomery, where she took various vocational and academic courses.
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She went to a laboratory school for her secondary education, but she never completed it because she was forced to drop out to care for her ill grandmother.
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Her last childhood was greatly influenced by Jim Colossus of the South, which defended
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that the isolation which black people suffer was created by the white members of the Democratic
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Party in the southern states between 1876 and 1963, and by the harassment that she had
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to suffer from the white children.
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In 1932, Rosa met and married Raymond Parks, who was a barber and an active member of the
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National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.
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One year later, in 1933, she earned her high school degree.
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As soon as she could, she became actively involved in civil rights issues.
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For example, in 1943, she joined the Montgomery chapter of the NAACP, serving as a youth leader
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as well as secretary to the NAACP, President E.J. Nixon, a post she held until 1957.
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Little did Rosa know how her life was going to change after the first of December 1955.
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It was an ordinary day in Rosa's life. She was just on her way home after all the day was.
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As Rosa always did, she got on the bus and sat down in a black people's place.
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Since they were not empty, white people placed, the drivers decided to move back one row,
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the separation between both types of seats.
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One of the seats that were passing from one side to another corresponded with Rosa Parks'
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one.
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Surprisingly, she denied to let her seat to a white person.
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Finally, she was arrested because of her rejection.
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Not only did Rosa fight for her right that day, but also she started a huge movement.
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The same day she was arrested, Edie Dixon, the head of the local chapter of the NAACP,
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started forming plans to organize a boycott of the Montgomery city buses.
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Ads were placed in local papers and handbooks were printed and distributed in black neighborhoods.
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On the 5th of December, 1955, the African-American community was asked to stay off the city buses.
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With most of them not riding the bus, Organizy believed that a longer boycott might be successful.
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So that morning, they were at a meeting at the MT Science Arts in Montgomery to discuss
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new strategies.
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They formed the Montgomery Improvement Association.
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This association believed that the Rosa Parks case was an excellent opportunity to take
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further action to create real change.
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On the day of her trial, she was found guilty of violating a local ordinance and was fined $10.
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No way was this sentence going to be ignored.
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It triggered the Montgomery bus boycott.
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The African-American community stopped using buses for more than one year.
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This movement was not disappointing.
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An incredible reaction took place by a part of the society.
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Black charities were banned.
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Luther King Jr. and A.G. Nixon's homes were destroyed by bombings. Black citizens were
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arrested for violating an antiquated law prohibiting boycotts. But under North Dakota
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law, were they going to end the boycott up? With the transit company and the downturn businesses
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suffering financial loss and the legal system ruling against them, the city of Montgomery has
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no choice but to leave enforcement of segregation on public basis and the boycott officially ended
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on the 20th of December 1956. Although she had become a symbol of the civil rights movement,
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she suffered hardship in the months following her arrest and the subsequent boycott. She lost
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her department store job and her husband was fired. The couple, along with Rosa's mother,
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moved to Detroit, Michigan. There, Rosa started a new life for herself, working as a secretary
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and receptionist in the U.S. Representative John Connors Congressional Office. She also served on
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the board of the Planned Parenthood Federation of America. In 1987, with a longtime friend,
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Elaine Easton Steele, Rosa founded the Rosa and Raymond Parks Institute for Self-Development.
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the organization runs pathways to freedom busters which introduce young people to important civil
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rights and also underground railroad sites throughout the country in 1992 she published
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an autobiography writing by herself it was called rosa parks my story apart of that book she also
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brought quite strength. This book includes her memoirs and focuses on the role that
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religious faith played throughout her life. In 1998, the hip-hop group Outkast released a song
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called Rosa Parks, which became a hit during the following year. In 1999, Rosa filed a lawsuit
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against the group alleging defamation and false advertising because outcasts used Rosa's name
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without her permission. In 2003, a judge dismissed the defamation claims. On the 14th of April 2005,
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the case was settled. The hip-hop group and Rosa got into an agreement. They were going to develop
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of educational programs together.
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On the 14th of October, 2005, Rosa Quadli died
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in her apartment in Detroit, Michigan.
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She had been diagnosed the previous year
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with progressive dementia.
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Her death was marked with several memorial services
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among them lying in the Capitol Rotunda in Washington, DC,
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where an estimated 50,000 people in her casket.
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- Idioma/s:
- Materias:
- Inglés
- Autor/es:
- IES GALILEO GALILEI
- Subido por:
- Ies galileogalilei alcorcon
- Licencia:
- Reconocimiento - Compartir igual
- Visualizaciones:
- 105
- Fecha:
- 25 de enero de 2019 - 17:03
- Visibilidad:
- Público
- Centro:
- IES GALILEO GALILEI
- Duración:
- 07′ 19″
- Relación de aspecto:
- 1.78:1
- Resolución:
- 1920x1080 píxeles
- Tamaño:
- 1.62
