Saltar navegación

Activa JavaScript para disfrutar de los vídeos de la Mediateca.

EV 3ESO - 12 Law and rights - Contenido educativo

Ajuste de pantalla

El ajuste de pantalla se aprecia al ver el vídeo en pantalla completa. Elige la presentación que más te guste:

Subido el 22 de octubre de 2020 por César Pedro P.

86 visualizaciones

How do we defend our rights?

Más información Transcripción

Descargar la transcripción

We have already studied. There is a big difference between moral rules and legal rules 00:00:01
The law is made by society by the authorities and if you don't respect the legislation you might be punished 00:00:06
But this poses a very interesting philosophical question 00:00:14
When can we say that the law is legitimate valid acceptable? 00:00:17
What is the foundation of the law now there are different theories to answer this question? 00:00:22
We'll study three of them. The first one is the theory of natural law. According 00:00:27
to the natural law theory, there are some basic rights, human rights, that are part 00:00:33
of our human nature. They are innate, we're born with them, and we all have 00:00:39
them regardless of our differences. So the legislation is legitimate when it 00:00:43
respects these natural rights. John Locke, for example, who was an English 00:00:48
philosopher who lived in the 17th century was a supporter of the natural 00:00:54
law theory he thought that everybody by nature has the right to life freedom and 00:00:58
private property and if the legislation does not respect these rights it is not 00:01:04
a valid and legitimate legislation because because it is not respecting our 00:01:09
natural rights now not everybody agrees with this theory an opposing theory is 00:01:14
the conventionalist interpretation. Conventionalists think that the law is 00:01:20
the result of an agreement so if we have these legal rules is because we have 00:01:26
decided to write them on a paper and we could change them if we find a different 00:01:31
agreement. For this theory human rights are not natural they are just the result 00:01:37
of an agreement and they could be changed if we decide to do so. A third 00:01:42
theory which is closely linked to conventionalism is the legal positivism. 00:01:49
According to this theory the only law that exists really is the one that is 00:01:55
written on a paper and enforced by the police. So only the law that is made by 00:02:01
society and that is put into practice by force is the one that exists. There are 00:02:09
no natural laws the law is only real when it exists on a paper and it is 00:02:16
enforced by the police now how much do you know about human rights as you will 00:02:22
probably know human rights were passed in 1948 when the United Nations 00:02:31
proclaimed the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in this declaration there 00:02:39
There are 30 rights and if you want to know them all I invite you to go to the internet 00:02:45
and check a wonderful website called Youth for Human Rights or in Spanish Juventud por 00:02:51
los Derechos Humanos where you can find different videos explaining all your rights. 00:02:57
But beware, not all rights are equal. 00:03:03
Human rights can be divided in different groups according to which value they defend. 00:03:08
rights defend our freedom there are things that nobody can do to you these 00:03:13
are things that are forbidden to everybody including the government this 00:03:19
means that the state the police the government cannot do these things to you 00:03:24
in order to protect your freedom for example they cannot kill you that's why 00:03:28
you have the right to life or they cannot send you to prison without a fair 00:03:32
trial they cannot stop you from thinking or saying what you want they cannot stop 00:03:37
you from having your private property or for forming your family so these all of 00:03:43
these are civil rights that protect your freedom a second group is formed by 00:03:48
political rights that protect your participation in society and that 00:03:53
include the right to vote a third group is formed by social and economic rights 00:03:56
these rights protect your equality and these are things that the government the 00:04:01
state must give you for free in order to grant everybody's equality for example 00:04:06
they include the right to health protection, the right to education or the right to social security. 00:04:12
This means that unemployed people must be helped with money if they lose their jobs. All these 00:04:18
things cost money and that's why they are called social and economic rights. Finally, there is a 00:04:24
fourth group called solidarity human rights and they apply to peoples. This means collective groups 00:04:30
of people and they include the right to development to live in a well developed 00:04:37
and peaceful country what happens if they don't respect our rights who 00:04:44
defends them well human rights are defended by law they are protected by 00:04:53
our Constitution so if anybody violates your rights you can go to the tribunals 00:04:57
and they will defend you nevertheless there are also governmental and 00:05:02
and international institutions that protect your rights for example the united nations 00:05:07
or the international criminal court that prosecutes serious violations of human rights 00:05:12
for example war crimes nevertheless there are also non-governmental organizations that also 00:05:17
protect human rights like amnesty international or human rights watch as you will probably know 00:05:24
the united nations are trying to improve the respect of human rights in the world with their 00:05:31
2030 Agenda that includes the objectives of sustainable development that are supposed 00:05:36
to be met by 2030. 00:05:42
Idioma/s:
en
Autor/es:
César Prestel
Subido por:
César Pedro P.
Licencia:
Reconocimiento - No comercial - Compartir igual
Visualizaciones:
86
Fecha:
22 de octubre de 2020 - 17:53
Visibilidad:
Público
Centro:
IES CERVANTES
Duración:
05′ 46″
Relación de aspecto:
1.78:1
Resolución:
1280x720 píxeles
Tamaño:
335.23 MBytes

Del mismo autor…

Ver más del mismo autor

EducaMadrid, Plataforma Educativa de la Comunidad de Madrid

Plataforma Educativa EducaMadrid