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CEV 2ESO - 05 Freedom and rules - Contenido educativo

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Subido el 21 de julio de 2023 por César Pedro P.

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Freedom and rules

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What is the difference between people and other animals? 00:00:00
Maybe you thought about intelligence, and yes, it is true that we are more intelligent than animals, 00:00:05
but there is also a very important difference, because people are free while animals follow their instinct. 00:00:11
Think about this difference for a moment. 00:00:18
Animals act from necessity. 00:00:22
What happens to them is coded in their DNA, in their genes. 00:00:25
That's what we call instinct, a prefixed behavior that cannot be changed. 00:00:30
If a lion is very hungry, it will kill because it needs to eat. 00:00:37
It would be absurd to punish the lion sending it to jail because it killed another animal, 00:00:44
because the lion is simply following its instinct. 00:00:51
Acting from necessity, doing what is necessary to do in order to eat. 00:00:54
But people are different. 00:01:00
We don't act from necessity. 00:01:02
We act freely. 00:01:04
We can decide what to do. 00:01:05
This intelligence we have can also help us to decide what to do. 00:01:07
So we have free will, that is, the ability to decide what to do, the capacity to choose our actions. 00:01:12
This creates an enormous difference between people and animals, 00:01:22
because we can't be punished and blamed for what we did, 00:01:26
because we could have chosen to act in a different way. 00:01:31
Freedom implies responsibility. 00:01:35
If you're free, you decide what to do, then you're responsible of your choices. 00:01:38
What does the word responsibility mean? 00:01:44
The word responsibility comes from respond, 00:01:47
and this means that we have the necessity of giving an explanation, 00:01:50
a justification of our choices. 00:01:56
And it also means that we have to face the consequences of what we did, 00:01:59
repairing the possible harm that our actions did to other people. 00:02:03
The fact that people can choose what to do, 00:02:10
the fact that we're free, creates a lot of problems, 00:02:13
because freedom can interfere with another people. 00:02:16
So there are a lot of problems, a lot of conflicts in our social coexistence, 00:02:21
and they come because we're free agents, because we have freedom. 00:02:26
That's why we need rules to organize our social coexistence. 00:02:30
We need norms to determine what is right and what is wrong. 00:02:35
But there are different types of norms, of rules, 00:02:40
and it's important that you understand this difference. 00:02:43
There are, on the one hand, moral rules, and on the other hand, legal rules. 00:02:47
Moral rules, morality, is made by your conscience. 00:02:54
Moral rules are the rules that you make by yourself, 00:02:59
that tell you what you personally think that is right or wrong. 00:03:04
So these rules are autonomous, they are made by you. 00:03:10
And if you don't obey them, what happens? 00:03:14
Nobody is going to punish you, but think about it for a while. 00:03:17
You want to be an honest person. 00:03:21
What happens if you tell a lie? 00:03:23
Nobody punishes you, but you feel bad, you feel regret and remorse, 00:03:25
because you broke your own moral rules. 00:03:32
Legal rules are very different. 00:03:36
Legal rules are not made by you, they are made by the authorities, 00:03:38
the government, the principal of the school, your teacher, your parents. 00:03:42
So they are heteronymous, they are not autonomous rules. 00:03:48
And if you break these rules, you can be punished, 00:03:53
because the law is for everybody, it is not personal. 00:03:58
Idioma/s:
en
Autor/es:
César Prestel
Subido por:
César Pedro P.
Licencia:
Reconocimiento - No comercial - Compartir igual
Visualizaciones:
43
Fecha:
21 de julio de 2023 - 11:21
Visibilidad:
Público
Centro:
IES CERVANTES
Duración:
04′ 03″
Relación de aspecto:
1.78:1
Resolución:
1280x720 píxeles
Tamaño:
65.05 MBytes

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