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4. Carlos V

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Subido el 29 de marzo de 2020 por Ruben P.

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Well, so after seeing in the last video the characteristics of the Habsburg dynasty, today we are going to study Carlos V. 00:00:01
So you know that he is the first Habsburg to reign in Spain, in Castile and Aragon. 00:00:11
He is going to be the grandson of the Catholic monarchs. 00:00:19
So we are going to see the characteristics of this person, of his reign. 00:00:23
We are going to see why he is going to inherit Castile and Aragon, what is going to be his domestic policy. 00:00:27
It means the policy related with the countries he is going to rule. 00:00:38
It means the policies related with Castile and Aragon and also the foreign policy. 00:00:42
It means how Carlos V is going to react or what is going to be his policy with respect to the other countries. 00:00:47
means france great britain england the ottoman empire germany etc so let's begin let's see who 00:00:54
is carlos quinto let's see his characteristics okay so the first thing is why he is going to 00:01:03
inherit a castilian aragon okay here we have the three main characters okay so we have isabella 00:01:09
isabel la catholica that is here okay she's going to die okay and she's going to have a 00:01:18
daughter that is going to inherit castile this daughter is juana it's going to be called juana 00:01:24
okay juana is going to be married she was married to um to a prince a prince of the lower countries 00:01:31
called Felipe el hermoso okay Philip the beauty so the idea is this person this 00:01:42
Philip was called el hermoso because he was handsome he was attractive so the 00:01:49
idea is Juana okay is going to be married to this to this person okay to 00:01:53
this Philip the problem is Philip is going to die soon he is going to die 00:01:59
really really soon before before Philip could be the king of Spain along with 00:02:04
Juana of Spain or Castile. So the idea is Juana is going to inherit the crown of 00:02:11
Isabella, it's true, but the problem is Juana is going to be declared unfit. It 00:02:17
means that she wasn't psychologically stable in order to be the queen of 00:02:23
Castile after his husband died. Okay, why she is going to be declared unfit? Why 00:02:30
she's going to be called Juana la Loca the idea is Juana okay that was married 00:02:37
to Philip to Philip el Hermoso okay when his when his husband died she is going 00:02:42
to carry his his husband death's body okay surrounding Castile it means she's 00:02:52
going to take his husband he's going to take the coffin with the dead body 00:03:01
inside and she is going to move around Castile in order to show to everyone 00:03:06
that she was the wife of Felipe and she is supposed to be the queen of Castile 00:03:14
she carried out this measure to carry the dead body of his of her husband 00:03:21
around Castile during several days in order to show to everyone that she was 00:03:30
the queen of Castile that she do not need a husband in order to be the queen 00:03:36
of Castile the problem is all the people that were against Juana they are going 00:03:42
to start calling her Huala la Loca because she carried her dead 00:03:48
her dead husband's body around Castile, so the idea is Juana is going to be called Juana 00:03:53
la Loca due to this act, it was a political act, it was the act in order to show to everyone 00:04:04
that Juana should be the queen of Castile and she doesn't need a husband in order to 00:04:11
be the queen, but this measure to carry the dead body of her husband through the different 00:04:18
cities of Castile is going to be understood as a sign of her madness, it means a sign 00:04:28
of that she is crazy, so that's why they are going to call her Juana La Loca because she 00:04:39
She carries his husband's dead body through the different regions of Castile. 00:04:46
So that's the idea. 00:04:58
She's going to carry, she's going to take the dead body of his husband and she's going 00:04:59
to show this dead body to everyone in Castile in order to show, okay, here is my dead husband, 00:05:03
but I'm going to be the queen of Castile. 00:05:10
So the problem is finally she is going to be declared unfit, like she wasn't psychologically 00:05:12
healthy. 00:05:19
So the idea is she was declared unfit after his husband died, just because of that action, 00:05:20
to carry her husband's dead body through Castile. 00:05:26
So the idea is, as a result, the one that is going to inherit Castile soon is going 00:05:35
to be her son, her eldest son, Carlos, here is Carlos Quinto, here is Carlos when he was 00:05:40
young, so he is going to inherit a lot of different territories, not only his mother's 00:05:48
but also his grandfather's etc. you'll see. 00:05:55
So the idea is Isabella died, she is going to be succeeded by Juana but the problem is 00:06:00
when her husband died, Juana is going to carry his dead body around Castile in order to show 00:06:05
to everyone that she is going to be the queen alone, she doesn't need a husband, but this 00:06:14
is going to be interpreted as a clear sign of madness, that she is crazy, that's why 00:06:20
she is going to be called Juana de la Roca, as a result she is going to be declared unfit 00:06:26
and finally Carlos is going to inherit the territories even when his mother was alive 00:06:30
it means he is going to be the king of Castile even when his mother is going to be alive 00:06:38
so let's see these are the territories that are going to be inherited by Carlos Carlos 00:06:45
He is going to inherit Castile and Aragon from Isabella and Ferdinand, as well as Naples, 00:06:53
Sicily and Sardinia. 00:07:02
And he is going to inherit, thanks to his father, his dead father, the lower countries 00:07:04
of Franco Condado and these Austrian territories. 00:07:12
So these are the territories inherited thanks to his mother, these are the territories inherited 00:07:18
thanks to his father. 00:07:26
What is going to happen with the Holy Roman Empire, with the Imperio Germanico in Spanish? 00:07:28
The problem is to be the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, in order to be an emperor you 00:07:33
must be elected for that. 00:07:40
So that's why Carlos is going to pay to the voters in Germany in order to be elected as 00:07:42
emperor of the Holy Roman Empire. 00:07:52
The thing is, who are the electors, the ones that they are the voters, the ones that they 00:07:55
are electing this emperor, the nobles of Germany, some families in the Holy Roman Empire. 00:08:01
So the idea is he is going to pay to these families, the families are going to vote for 00:08:08
him, so he is going to be the king of Castile, of Aragon, of the lower countries, Franco 00:08:13
Condado, these Austrian territories, and also he is going to be the emperor of the Holy 00:08:20
Roman Empire. 00:08:25
As you can check, most of Europe is under his control. 00:08:26
you add America that it was being conquered by Castile so he was 00:08:30
controlling almost two different continents Europe and America okay so he 00:08:37
was the most powerful king and emperor in the 16th century so let's go let's 00:08:44
continue so let's see how he is going to start his reign he's not going to start 00:08:52
very well his reign okay well he he you have just here you have a video I will upload this video in 00:08:57
the aula virtual in order you can check it is related with this problem the problem of the 00:09:04
succession of Isabella and Juana and how Carlos is going to be the king of Castile finally even 00:09:09
when Juana was still alive so let's see the thing is Carlos was born here in Ghent 00:09:16
gante in spanish okay so carlos was born here in ghent in belgium so this is belgium nowadays okay 00:09:22
so here is the city where carlos quinto was born in 1500 okay 1500 this is important okay 00:09:30
he was born in 1500 and he is going to arrive to castile in 1517 so how old was he 17 years old 00:09:38
only 17 years old so he was 17 he arrived to castile and he is going to be the new king 00:09:48
of castile what is the problem there are two main problems the first one is this he doesn't he 00:09:57
didn't speak spanish he didn't speak castilian okay so the idea is castile is going to have a 00:10:05
king but this king do not or this king doesn't speak the language of the of the 00:10:12
kingdom and he is going to take another measure the next measure is this one he 00:10:19
is going to appoint his Flemish consulars to govern Castile what does it 00:10:26
mean let's check this slowly imagine this Carlos is 17 years old he has he 00:10:31
was born in Belgium okay he okay it's going to be the new king of Castile due 00:10:37
to his mother okay or as a result of his mother so the idea is he's going to 00:10:43
write to Castile when she said he's 17 years old and he do not speak Spanish 00:10:49
does make sense he was born in Ghent in Belgium he speaks French but not Spanish 00:10:55
he is going to go to Castile and he needs to learn Spanish second he is 17 00:11:00
years old what would you do if you arrive to a new country that you need to 00:11:06
rule of course you need people that you trust that you trust in order to govern 00:11:10
a new country are you going to select people from that country in order to 00:11:17
govern the new country no you are going to take the people that surrounds you in 00:11:23
Belgium that surrounds you in Gant that they are Flemish it means the region 00:11:30
from this region of Belgium and they are your councillors the councillors you know since you 00:11:35
were born okay you are 17 you need councillors you are not an adult and you are going to be the 00:11:40
queen the king of a new country Castile so you are going to go to Castile you do not speak the 00:11:47
language that's a point against you the second point against you is that you are going to go 00:11:53
in Castile with your Flemish consulars. It means Castile is not going to be 00:11:58
governed by Castilian people and it's going to be governed by a king that do 00:12:05
not speak Spanish. Make sense? So what do you think? Do you think the Castilian, the 00:12:10
Castilian nobility and bourgeoisie are going to be in favor of this new king 00:12:16
that do not speak Spanish and that is not selecting a Castile nobility or 00:12:19
bourgeoisie in order to govern the country? No, they are going to be against 00:12:25
Carlos Quinto. And there is another measure that is going to make things 00:12:31
even worse in the beginning of his reign. He is going to ask in Castile for money. 00:12:36
He is going to collect the taxes in Castile in order to get money to do what? 00:12:41
To do what I said before, to pay to the different nobles in Germany to get 00:12:47
to get elected or to be elected as the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire. So here 00:12:54
is Alejandro de Utrecht. Alejandro de Utrecht is the most important Flemish 00:13:03
consular for Carlos V, so he is going to govern Castile when Carlos V 00:13:08
is going to leave Spain in order to go to Germany and be crowned as emperor. So 00:13:16
So here is Alejandro Dutrec, he is really really important, he is a cardinal as you 00:13:22
can see, and he is one of the Flemish councillors, he is the most important Flemish councillor 00:13:29
of Carlos Quinto. 00:13:35
So these are the three main measures that Carlos Quinto is going to make, well the two 00:13:38
main measures and also this another characteristic, so the idea is he is going to be 17 when he 00:13:44
he arrived to Spain, he was born in Belgium, in Ghent, in Gante, in Spanish. 00:13:51
Second, he do not speak Spanish, point against him. 00:13:56
Second point against him, he is going to appoint these Flemish consulars in order to control Castile. 00:14:00
So for the Castilian nobility and bourgeoisie, that's something not acceptable. 00:14:05
And he is going to collect the Castilian taxes in order to do what? 00:14:11
Finance his appointment as Holy Roman Emperor. 00:14:16
It means to pay those nobles in Germany in order to elect Carlos as the Holy Roman Emperor. 00:14:19
What do you think the Castilians are going to do and the people from Aragon are going to do? 00:14:29
They are going to revolt, okay? 00:14:33
Okay, remember he is going to be the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire now. 00:14:37
So he arrives from Gant to Castile in order to be the king of Castile. 00:14:41
He is going to be the king of Castile. 00:14:47
he is going to bring his flemish counselors in order to govern this country and also aragon 00:14:48
so they are not going to be very happy with him he doesn't speak spanish and he is going 00:14:54
to ask to the castilian court for money to pay to the germans in order to the german nobility 00:15:01
in order to be elected as emperor he is going to do this all these things he is going to leave 00:15:07
spain to go to germany in order to be elected as emperor and he is going to leave in castile 00:15:11
Adrian Utrecht, so his most important Flemish Consular, okay? 00:15:17
So the idea is the nobility, the Burgosian nobility, are going to revolt not only in Castile 00:15:23
but also in Aragon, okay? In Castile this revolt is going to be called revolt of the Comuneros because this group of 00:15:30
nobles and Burgos are going to be called as Comuneros, okay? And they are going to revolt in 1520. 00:15:39
But also in Aragon, in the Valencian kingdom, the bourgeoisie is going to revolt, and this revolt is going to be called the revolt of the brotherhoods. 00:15:46
In Spanish would be la revuelta de las germanías. Brotherhood means hermandad. Germania es un guild, un tipo de... I cannot say that now in Spanish. 00:15:56
in spanish it's un gremio okay it means the brotherhoods are the different guilds different 00:16:12
gremios of the bourgeoisie in valencia that they are and also in baleares that they are going to 00:16:17
revolt against carlos quinto okay they do not like all these ideas they do not like that he doesn't 00:16:23
speak spanish they do not like that he is using flemish consulars in order to govern the new 00:16:31
country the new kingdoms that he is going to be the king of and he and they are not going to 00:16:37
like that the people from castile needs to pay these taxes in order carlos quinto to be elected 00:16:44
as holy roman emperor so they are going to revolt and that's what we are going to see now these two 00:16:52
revolts the revolt of the comuneros in castile and the revolt of the brotherhoods in aragon in 00:16:58
Valencia, mainly in Valencia and Baleares. So, let's see the revolt of the comuneros. 00:17:05
It's going to start in 1520, okay? And it's the lower nobility and the bourgeoisie. We are not 00:17:11
talking about the high nobility. The high nobility is going to be in favor of Carlos Quinto, okay? 00:17:16
So, it's the lower nobility and the bourgeoisie the one that is going to revolt against this 00:17:21
government. Why they are going to revolt? Because of the reasons I have said. The language, the 00:17:25
taxes paid in order to be elected as emperor and because castile is going to be governed by flemish 00:17:30
people not castilian also you need to understand that carlos is taking the castilian taxes 00:17:35
to use this money not to develop castilian economy to to pay to be the emperor of the holy roman 00:17:42
empire so what the castilian bourgeoisie and lower abilities feeling is that the money of castile 00:17:50
is not going to benefit Castile is going to benefit only the king okay and also is a foreign king 00:17:56
so they are against him and they are going to revolt okay these are the different cities the 00:18:13
ones in in the the black dots are the ones that they are against Carlos Quinto the ones with the 00:18:18
crown are going to be in favor of Carlos Quinto and you see here three main 00:18:24
battles the most important one was Villalar. In Villalar these comuneros the 00:18:28
leaders of the comuneros are going to be defeated Adriano Dutrec is going to 00:18:35
defeat these people they are going Adriano Dutrec is going to defeat the 00:18:40
comuneros okay so they are going to be defeated in the battle of Villalar in 00:18:43
1521 so this revolt is going to last a year 00:18:49
So the Kings representatives and the high nobility it means 00:18:54
Adriano Dutrec with the high nobility of Castile are going to defeat in the Battle of Villalar 00:18:57
The lower nobility and the bourgeoisie of Castile. Okay, so here is a painting 00:19:03
Representing this battle of Villalar here are Padilla Bravo and Maldonado that they are the three 00:19:10
the three leaders of the comuneros 00:19:16
So these leaders of the Comuneros, Juan Bravo, Juan Padilla and Francisco Maldonado, are going to be executed. 00:19:19
So they are going to revolt against Carlos. 00:19:26
They do not like Carlos because he is a foreigner. 00:19:28
He does not speak Spanish. 00:19:30
He is using the Castilian money in order to buy the Holy Roman Empire crown. 00:19:33
He is also governing Castile and Aragon using Flemish counselors. 00:19:40
So they revolt, but they are going to be defeated in the Battle of Villalar by Adriano Dutrec, the Flemish counsellor of Carlos V, that was ruling Castile when Carlos V, during the time that Carlos V is going to be in Germany, elected as emperor, and the high nobility. 00:19:46
So the high nobility is going to support the emperor, the king, Carlos V. 00:20:08
The leaders of the Comuneros, Juan Bravo Padilla y Madonado, are going to be executed and here 00:20:13
you have this painting from the 19th century. 00:20:19
It means this painting wasn't painted during the moment these events took place. 00:20:23
¿Qué quiere decir este cuadro se pintó en el siglo XIX, no en el XVI? 00:20:30
And it's representing this event. 00:20:35
There is Juan Bravo that has been executed, Padilla that is going to be executed and Maldonado 00:20:37
that is getting ready to be executed. 00:20:44
So you see the process, to get ready in order to be executed, to be ready to be executed, 00:20:46
to be executed. 00:20:54
So Bravo, Padilla and Maldonado. 00:20:56
You see the importance of the clergy. 00:21:02
are saying okay please regret your sins okay you need to be with god you are going to die so you 00:21:06
you you must have no sins okay so you see that the religion is really important and they are going to 00:21:13
be executed because they revolt against the emperor against carlos king so these leaders 00:21:19
are going to be executed and the communist movement is going to disappear so there's no more 00:21:28
more Comuneros movement. 00:21:34
So everything is done, everything is finished. 00:21:36
The other one is the Revolts of the Brotherhood, la Revuelta de las Germanias, if you check 00:21:41
they are going to start a little bit earlier, in 1519, but it's going to end later, in 1523. 00:21:45
In this case there is not part of the nobility supporting this movement, it's just the bourgeoisie 00:21:53
of Valencia and Baleares. 00:21:58
So the bourgeoisie of Mallorca and Valencia rose up against the nobility. 00:22:06
Why this bourgeoisie is going to rise up against the nobility? 00:22:11
Because the nobility had the support of the king and because they want to have the same 00:22:16
political power as the nobility. 00:22:21
So it's the bourgeoisie that they are earning money, that they are unprivileged, that they 00:22:24
They want to be privileged and they feel this is the best moment when they have a foreign 00:22:28
king that doesn't speak Spanish, etc. 00:22:35
So the idea is they are going to revolt because of this, the abuses of the nobility, because 00:22:39
the nobility is mistreating this bourgeoisie because they are privileged people and because 00:22:43
they were to improve their economic conditions and obtain political rights. 00:22:51
So that's the idea, this movement is against Carlos Quinto but is mainly against the nobility, 00:22:57
the nobility has a lot of power or had a lot of power in the crown of Aragon, if you remember 00:23:04
that we talk about this, the crown of Aragon having a lot of, in the crown of Aragon the 00:23:09
nobility has more power than the king or in comparison with Castile. 00:23:15
So the idea is this bourgeoisie is going to revolt against this nobility, why they revolt 00:23:21
against the nobility because the nobility are privileged and the bourgeoisie are unprivileged 00:23:25
second the nobility is not paying taxes the bourgeoisie is paying taxes the bourgeoisie has 00:23:30
no political rights everything is controlled by the nobility so in a specific moment they are 00:23:35
going to revolt against them because they were abusing of their powers okay they were using 00:23:40
in a wrong way their powers as privileged people and also because this bourgeoisie wants to improve 00:23:47
their economic conditions. How? Being privileged, not to pay taxes and also 00:23:52
obtaining political rights. So it means the bourgeoisie is going to, in Mallorca 00:23:58
and Valencia, the brotherhoods, the Germanias, are going to rise up against 00:24:05
the nobility to do what? To be privileged people, so to improve their economic 00:24:09
conditions, not paying taxes and to obtain political rights. So that's the 00:24:15
Who is going to win? 00:24:20
Of course Carlos V along with the nobility. 00:24:23
So these Germanias, these Germanados are going to be defeated. 00:24:27
So if we look at the map what you are going to see is here in Valencia and also in Mallorca 00:24:32
is the regions where we are going to fight these battles. 00:24:38
So it's a movement of the burglars against the nobility because the nobility has a lot 00:24:46
of power. 00:24:51
And also against Carlos Quinto that is supporting the nobility. 00:24:54
So this bourgeoisie is just rise up but they are going to be defeated. 00:24:58
So this movement of the comuneros and this movement of the brotherhoods are going to 00:25:03
take place more or less in the same moment, in the same period of time, both are going 00:25:07
to be defeated so this is going to make the nobility stronger in Castile and Aragon and 00:25:12
also Carlos Quinto to be the king of these three kingdoms. 00:25:17
So let's see, this what we have seen is the domestic policy, it means is the policy of 00:25:26
Carlos Quinto related with Castile and Aragon, related with these specific kingdoms, that 00:25:32
is why is domestic policy, because we are talking about kingdoms controlled by Carlos 00:25:38
Quinto. 00:25:44
So what we are going to talk about now is about the foreign policy, and his foreign 00:25:46
policy is based on wars. 00:25:49
He is going to fight three main enemies, he is going to fight out of Spain against three 00:25:53
main enemies, and this is the last point of this epigraph, of the reign of Carlos V. 00:26:01
So the idea is we have seen how he reached power, how he is going to manage the domestic 00:26:09
policy it means how he is the different measures he is making in order to 00:26:15
control his own territories Castilian Aragon and the problems the revolts in 00:26:22
Castilian Aragon against Carlos Quinto and now what we are going to see is the 00:26:26
foreign policy it means we are going to see the policy of Carlos Quinto with 00:26:30
regard to the other countries it means we are going to see the foreign policy 00:26:34
of Carlos Quinto it means the the policy of Carlos Quinto that is going to be 00:26:40
really aggressive you'll see that Carlos Quinto has an aggressive foreign policy 00:26:45
why because he is going to fight against three main countries France the Ottoman 00:26:49
Empire and the German Protestant princes it means he is going to fight against 00:26:55
Lutherans the nobility that is Lutheran in in Germany we have studied this in 00:27:00
in the in the last two points two epigraphs ago he's going to fight against france and he's going 00:27:06
to fight against the ottoman empire we are going to see why he is going to fight against france 00:27:13
first then the german protestant prince and finally the ottoman empire remember these territories the 00:27:19
ones that they are in pink in light and dark pink are going to be the territories controlled 00:27:27
by carlos quinto so if you check this you can understand the three main enemies of carlos quinto 00:27:33
and his um foreign policy he's going to fight against france because his territories are 00:27:40
surrounding france remember this was the policy this was the goal of the catholic monarchs 00:27:48
to marry the different sons with the different kings in europe in order to surround the 00:27:55
territories of france because france is the main enemy of aragon why france and spain are going to 00:28:02
fight because the spanish territories are surrounding france second they are going to 00:28:09
fight for this territory milan that finally is going to be enhanced in hands of spain 00:28:13
so this is the territory that france and spain are going to fight for milan 00:28:20
Second, the Ottoman Empire. 00:28:25
This is the Ottoman Empire, as you can see they are muslims, they are not catholics, 00:28:29
so this is a religious matter and is going to make Carlos V to fight against the Ottoman 00:28:33
Empire. 00:28:43
Why? 00:28:44
Because they are sharing borders here and this Ottoman Empire is expanding from this 00:28:45
region the Anatolian Peninsula to the 00:28:51
Balkans that is this region here okay 00:28:55
these are the Balkans these regions are 00:28:57
called the Balkans this is called 00:29:00
Anatolia the Anatolian Peninsula so they 00:29:02
are going to appear here in this region 00:29:05
here and they are going to expand in 00:29:07
Europe against the Spanish territories 00:29:09
against Germany and the Austrian 00:29:12
territories against Carlos Quinto so 00:29:14
that's why they are going to fight each 00:29:17
other the third enemy are the Lutherans and this enemy is inside the German 00:29:18
Empire so these Lutherans are going to or these Lutherans are going to fight 00:29:25
against the Catholics remember Catholicism is going to be defended by 00:29:31
Carlos Quinto so Carlos Quinto is going to fight against the Lutherans okay so 00:29:34
three main enemies France the Ottoman Empire and finally another religious 00:29:41
enemy because this is a religious enemy they are muslims and the other religious enemy are the 00:29:47
lutherans or the protestants so he is going to fight inside germany against this protestant 00:29:51
prince so let's see the first one the war against france what i said charles v or carlos quinto's 00:29:58
territory surrounded france as a result france one of the main enemies of spain remember france 00:30:06
is surrounded by Spanish territories okay so that's why is one of the most 00:30:11
important enemies and remember is related with the Catholic monarchs 00:30:18
policy second France is the first king of France is going to fight against 00:30:22
Carlos Quinto mainly to see who control Italy okay remember Spain thanks to 00:30:28
Aragon is controlling Naples Sicily and Sardinia these are the papal states 00:30:35
these are different republics okay and Milan is the territory that Spain and France are going to 00:30:40
fight for okay who the one that controls Milan is going to control most of Italy so if a Spain 00:30:49
control Milan is going to control northern Italy and southern Italy he is not going to explain is 00:30:56
not going to control only the center but the north and the south is under Spanish control if France 00:31:01
controls Milan is going to control northern Italy so is going to balance 00:31:06
the situation with the Spanish territories in Italy so that's why it 00:31:10
was really important for Carlos Quinto to conquer Milan here is Francis the 00:31:14
first Francisco primero de Francia and Carlos Quinto okay it is used to say 00:31:19
that or is common to say that Francisco primero is more a Renaissance King and 00:31:25
And Carlos V is more a medieval king. If you see, Carlos V is wearing his armor while Francisco I is wearing his suit. 00:31:33
It's a suit, it's just a suit, a civilian suit. So he is more a Renaissance man, he is more a medieval man. 00:31:43
You see how they are wearing, how they are dressing up. It's showing us which type of person they are, or they used to be. 00:31:49
So, as a result, one of the main battles is going to be the Battle of Pavia in 1525 when 00:31:57
Carlos Quinto is going to finally defeat the French army and conquer the duchy of Milan 00:32:04
in northern Italy. 00:32:11
So here is Pavia, you see, this is Milan, so here in this map what you are going to 00:32:13
see is the territories that they are going to be under Spanish control. 00:32:22
these islands all these territories in yellow are going to be controlled by 00:32:27
Carlos Quinto okay and here is the Battle of Pavia okay these in blue are 00:32:33
the are the French and in red what we are going to have is the the I will say 00:32:40
it the the Spanish ones okay so that's the idea the idea is they are going to 00:32:50
fight in northern Italy they are going to fight in Pavia this is the last 00:32:57
battle and after the Battle of Pavia is won by you see Milan where is Milan okay 00:33:03
the Battle of Pavia is won by the Spanish Milan the duchy of Milan is 00:33:08
going to be under Spanish control and after that Milan so Italy is going to be 00:33:13
most most of Italy is going to be under Spanish control okay so this is the war 00:33:21
against France, due to this situation, the territories around the Carlos Quinto's territory 00:33:27
are surrounded by France and they are going to fight in order to control this territory, 00:33:31
Milan. 00:33:36
The one that is going to win is Carlos Quinto due to this battle, the Battle of Pavia, okay? 00:33:37
And Francisco I is going to be defeated. 00:33:42
The next step is, the next, sorry, the next step, no, the next enemy is going to be the 00:33:45
German Protestant princes. 00:33:50
remember the emperor fought the protestant prince in the esmalcaldic war okay in 1546 1547 you see 00:33:51
20 years later remember the esmalcaldic league the esmalcaldic league la liga esmalcalda was 00:34:00
formed by these territories in in in green in dark green and the territories in a light green 00:34:06
and they are going to fight against the territories in favor of carlos quinto that are the 00:34:15
yellow and the orange one inside the Holy Roman Empire okay remember here is the Ottoman Empire 00:34:20
okay so that's the idea a Carlos Quinto we have seen this already okay how Carlos Quinto is going 00:34:31
to fight the lutheran princess this lutheran prince are going to are going to create this 00:34:38
small cultic league and finally you know that in the battle of milford the emperor is going to 00:34:42
defeat these people. The Esmeraldic League is going to be defeated in the Battle of Mühlberg. 00:34:47
What is the problem? That this Battle of Mühlberg didn't mean that the problem was solved. 00:34:54
It means after the Battle of Mühlberg the Esmeraldic League was defeated but Carlos Quinto 00:35:03
had the same problem because the protestant princes didn't stop believing in this specific 00:35:08
religious branch or movement. So the idea is the Battle of Mühlberg is going to give 00:35:17
the advantage to Carlos V but is not going to solve the problem. When the problem is going to 00:35:23
be solved? Thanks to the Peace of Augsburg. We talked about this two epigraphs ago. The Peace 00:35:29
of Augsburg was signed in 1555. Carlos V is going to sign this Peace of Augsburg and due to this 00:35:35
piece Carlos V is going to accept the protestant princes to believe in his or in their protestant 00:35:43
religion. So it means this piece of Habsburg is going to let the protestant princes to believe 00:35:53
in this religion instead of being catholics. Entonces la paz de Habsburg simplemente significa 00:36:00
que cada uno crea en la religión que quiera. 00:36:08
Yo como emperador seré católico 00:36:10
y vosotros, príncipes protestantes, 00:36:12
pues creeréis en el protestantismo de Lutero. 00:36:14
¿Que yo creo que es herejía? 00:36:17
Sí. 00:36:18
Pero lo asumo y lo acepto 00:36:19
porque no hay solución a un conflicto. 00:36:21
It means, in this case, 00:36:23
this conflict is a religious conflict. 00:36:25
You cannot solve a religious conflict 00:36:26
just fighting in battles 00:36:28
because the ideas didn't disappear 00:36:30
from the minds of these Protestant princes. 00:36:32
If you don't kill them all, 00:36:36
is impossible to end with this religion so he cannot kill them all of course so he is going 00:36:37
to accept them to believe on protestant on the protestant religions or branches so the idea is 00:36:44
the peace of ausburg is going to be signed in 1555 and it's going to make or it's going to 00:36:51
it's going to know the consequence is that the protestant princes can believe in protestantism 00:36:58
and Carlos V will still or still remain as Catholic, ok? 00:37:04
Therefore, the Protestant problem is solved, 00:37:12
but not with a victory of Carlos in a way beyond the military, ok? 00:37:15
Because Carlos does not get that the Protestant princes are Catholics. 00:37:20
He assumes that they have to be Catholics, that they want to be Protestants 00:37:24
and that if they want, they must be Protestants. 00:37:28
That's it. 00:37:31
So, the Peace of Augsburg means in the Holy Roman Empire we are going to find princes 00:37:31
that they are protestant and princes that they are going to be catholic. 00:37:38
That's it. 00:37:42
There is no more fights between protestant and catholic nobility. 00:37:43
And the last part is going to be, the last enemy is going to be the Ottoman Empire. 00:37:49
Here you have a video, I will upload it to the Hola Virtual, and it's a video related 00:37:55
with the reign of Carlos V. 00:38:00
So let's see what happens. 00:38:09
The Ottoman Empire or the Ottomans are controlling the Balkans, the Anatolian Peninsula and Northern 00:38:10
African Berber states. 00:38:15
It means, I have explained already these two regions, the other region is Northern Africa. 00:38:17
So if we look at this map, this is the Balkans, these are the Balkans, this is the Anatolian 00:38:24
Peninsula, so the Ottoman Empire are going to control this region and these regions here, 00:38:30
and also part of Northern Africa that are going to be down here. 00:38:38
So the idea is the Ottoman Empire is going to expand to Europe from the Anatolian Peninsula 00:38:43
to the Balkans. 00:38:50
he is going to fight against carlos quinto where in vienna and also this ottoman empire is going 00:38:51
to control part of the north of africa you cannot see it here but this northern africa is down down 00:38:59
here so they are going to control this region why is important that they are going to control 00:39:05
northern africa because they are going to have a pirates that they are going to attack the spanish 00:39:09
coasts. These Berber pirates, estos piratas bereberes, they are going to be commanded by 00:39:17
the pirate Barbarossa, Barbarroja, and they are going to attack the Spanish coasts here in the 00:39:27
Mediterranean. So that's why the Ottoman Empire is going to be one of the most important enemies 00:39:35
of carlos quinto carlos quinto is going to stop their advance in vienna he is going to defeat 00:39:44
them here but carlos quinto is not going to be able to defeat them on the seas it means carlos 00:39:49
quinto is not going to defeat these ottomans in northern africa and on the mediterranean okay 00:39:56
so it's going to be a victory of carlos quinto here in europe but not in the mediterranean 00:40:04
against the Ottoman Empire we are going to see it now okay so the Ottomans 00:40:09
control again the Balkans the Anatolian Peninsula and part of northern Africa 00:40:14
that you cannot see in this map so who is ruling the Ottoman Empire this person 00:40:20
Suleiman el Magnifico okay Suleiman the Magnificent began to expand his empire 00:40:25
and reach Carlos Quinto's territories well that's true he's going to expand 00:40:31
he is here you have soliman and magnifico he is going to control as you can see anatolia and the 00:40:35
balkans he is going to expand to the holy roman empire territories to vienna okay they are going 00:40:42
to attack vienna and also they are going to control this soliman is going to control this 00:40:49
region here that is going to be green and is going to control part of these territories here in 00:40:56
northern africa so that they can attack the spanish possessions in the western mediterranean 00:41:02
so that's the idea here is soliman el magnifico soliman el magnifico is going to expand 00:41:09
in europe and is going to reach this spanish territory this territories of carlos quinto 00:41:15
also okay he is going to control part of north africa and is going to attack the spanish 00:41:21
territories in or the territories of carlos quinto in the western mediterranean 00:41:26
So, as you can see, in 1529, Suleiman is going to attack Vienna, but the city is going to 00:41:32
resist. 00:41:38
He is going to attack Vienna, that is here, but the city is going to repel the attack, 00:41:39
is going to resist, so is going to survive. 00:41:43
And in the other way, so this is the defeat of Suleiman, Suleiman is going to be defeated 00:41:49
in Vienna, but the pirate Barbarossa is going to control western Mediterranean sea from 00:41:56
Algiers. 00:42:05
It means, here is Barbarossa, as you can see, his hair is red, that's why it's called Barbarossa, 00:42:07
and he is going to attack from these regions, Algiers, he is going to attack all these territories. 00:42:17
I know that this Algiers appears here as Spanish, but it's going to be conquered by Barbarossa, 00:42:24
so the idea is Carlos V is going to conquer Tunisia, but not Algiers, and from Algiers 00:42:32
Barbarossa is going to attack all these regions here. 00:42:38
So Carlos V is going to succeed here defending Vienna against Suleiman, but is not going 00:42:44
to succeed is going to be defeated in the Western Mediterranean against Barbarossa. 00:42:50
That's the idea. 00:42:56
The emperor tried to control the Mediterranean but failed. 00:42:57
His troops conquered Tunisia in 1535 but failed to conquer Algiers. 00:43:00
That's the idea, okay? 00:43:05
So when we talk about the Ottoman Empire, this Ottoman Empire, you know the regions 00:43:07
that they are controlled by it. 00:43:11
Suleiman el Magnifico is the sultan that is controlling this Ottoman Empire and he is 00:43:13
going to attack Vienna but he's going to fail okay Vienna is going to resist so 00:43:19
it's going to be a victory of Carlos Quinto but this pirate Barbarossa that 00:43:23
was under the under control of Suleiman el Magnifico or is going to attack the 00:43:29
Western Mediterranean and is going to succeed so the Emperor cannot couldn't 00:43:35
control the Mediterranean the Western Mediterranean he could control Tunisia 00:43:40
but not Algiers okay so he is going to 00:43:46
lost Algiers but he is going to keep 00:43:51
Tunisia so is a defeat of Carlos Quinto 00:43:54
in the Mediterranean but he is going 00:43:57
about Carlos Quinto is going to have the 00:43:59
victory in Vienna against the Ottoman 00:44:00
Empire and that's the reign of Carlos 00:44:03
Quinto the next the next reign is going 00:44:06
to be the reign of Philip the second and 00:44:10
that's the next the next video 00:44:11
Autor/es:
Rubén Peinado González
Subido por:
Ruben P.
Licencia:
Dominio público
Visualizaciones:
81
Fecha:
29 de marzo de 2020 - 20:34
Visibilidad:
Público
Centro:
IES ANTARES
Duración:
44′ 15″
Relación de aspecto:
1.78:1
Resolución:
1280x720 píxeles
Tamaño:
292.34 MBytes

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