Bernardo Gálvez in the History of US | Mediateca de EducaMadrid

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Hello everyone, today we are going to talk about a very important person that participated in the Independence War of the United States, whose name was Bernardo de Galvez. 00:00:00

Bernardo de Galvez was born in Malaga on July 23, 1746. He spent his adolescence between Madrid and Tenerife. 00:00:09

At the age of 16, he participated in the Portuguese War, enlisting the French Royal Contraried Regiment. 00:00:17

At the end of the conflict, he went to France, where he spent almost 7 years perfecting his military training. 00:00:23

In 1768, he arrived in New Spain. His uncle, José de Galvez, was there, and he had been entrusted with the mission of restoring and reorganizing the Viceroyalty Administration. 00:00:30

Bernardo de Galvez was assigned to Chihuahua, capital of the vast territory known as the Internal Provinces. 00:00:43

Their defense against frequent attacks relied on a line of fortified posts called presidios. 00:00:50

The young captain, Galvez, from Chihuahua, led several expeditions against the Apaches with troops from these presidios. 00:00:56

In one of the battles, he received three wounds, but an accidental fall from his horse forced him to return to the peninsula in 1772. 00:01:04

He then entered the newly created military academy in Ávila and in 1775 participated in an expedition against Algiers. 00:01:13

In May 1776, his uncle, José de Galvez, already minister of the Indies, appointed him colonel of the Luisiana Regiment and governor of that Spanish province, whose capital was near Orleans. 00:01:22

There, in 1777, being very ill, he married Cecilita Saint-Maxime in Artículo Mortis and they had ten kids. 00:01:35

bernardo was known for being the supreme commander of the spanish and french troops 00:01:43

participating in the american revolutionary war he carried out military campaigns against british 00:01:49

settlements along the mississippi river and he secretly supported the americans by providing 00:01:55

them with gunpowder weapons medicines and supplies and by allowing ships carrying aid to the patriots 00:02:01

to travel along the Mississippi River when, on July 4th, 1776, the 13 English colonies in North 00:02:08

America rose up against the United Kingdom and declared their independence. This prevented the 00:02:16

British from regrouping their land and naval forces to launch them against General George 00:02:21

Washington's troops. These military victories marked important aspects of his life as a man of 00:02:27

Enlightenment, and a Viceroy of New Spain, where he played a pivotal role. 00:02:35

He managed famine in Mexico during his term. 00:02:41

He also designed and implemented Spanish colonial reforms. 00:02:45

This led to regional peace for the remainder of Spain's presence in North America, 00:02:49

for example, in the reorganization of the Viceroyalty's northern frontier. 00:02:53

With the war declared against the English in September 1779, 00:03:00

Galvez, after suffering a violent hurricane, went to New Orleans. 00:03:05

He had only 1,400 men, of which only 400 men were professional soldiers. 00:03:09

The rest were volunteers led by Oliver Pollock. 00:03:16

Even having a high number difference, he was able to get Mantac, Baton Rouge, and Nantes, near the Mississippi. 00:03:20

Thanks to all this, he was promoted to field marshal. 00:03:30

He was only 33 years old. 00:03:33

The following year, after the effects of a violent storm that damaged most of his ships, 00:03:36

he managed to regroup his forces. 00:03:42

He then planned to advance toward Panzacola, but failed to secure the support of his commanders in Cuba. 00:03:45

For the third time after another hurricane, he undertook this very important mission in February 1781, 00:03:52

finally managing to land his troops on the island of Santa Rosa, 00:03:58

which left a narrow entrance channel to Panzacola Bay, defended by the powerful armed English fort of Barrancas Coloradas. 00:04:01

He entered the channel in command of the Galvez town, surviving 27 British artillery shots. 00:04:08

After 15 days of fighting, he conquered Panzacola on 8th of May. 00:04:14

Charles III recognized his victory with a promotion to general and the title of Count of Galvez, 00:04:19

adding the nickname Jo Solo to his coat of arms. 00:04:25

Bernardo de Galvez was appointed Viceroy of Mexico in 1785. 00:04:28

In 2014, because of the early death of Bernardo, President Obama designated him as an honorary citizen of the United States. 00:04:33

Thanks for listening to us and we hope you liked this history of Bernardo de Galvez. 00:04:42

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