ENGLISH- Present perfect explanation
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So today we're explaining the present perfect. The present perfect is another grammar tense like the present simple, the past simple, the past continuous. Remember, we have already learned all of them and we are able to use them in any type of message.
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okay but it depends okay it depends on the moment that we are talking which one it's better is much
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is more advisable to use okay if i if i'm talking about the present remember i have the present
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simple the present continuous but if i want to talk about a routine that i do every week
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and using the present simple if I want to talk about something that I'm doing right now in that
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moment I have to use the present continuous if I want to talk about something from the last summer
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I have to use the past simple okay so depending on the moment depending on the time I'm using
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one grammar tense or another different okay so today we are lucky and we are learning a new
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grammar tense this present perfect this tense is a bit tricky as it says present but we don't
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exactly use it when we want to talk about the present okay let's see we use it to talk about
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something that happened in the past but a short time ago. Lo utilizamos para hablar de algo que ha
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ocurrido en el pasado pero en un pasado muy muy muy reciente, ¿vale? Normalmente algo que nos acaba de
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So imagine you are in a restaurant and at the beginning you are eating some snacks and minutes later the waiter approaches your table with the main dish.
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se aproxima el camarero con el plato principal. ¿Qué acabáis de hacer? ¿Qué justo, qué ha ocurrido
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justo antes de que el camarero os haya llevado el plato principal? Que os habéis comido los snacks.
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¿De acuerdo? So you can say we have eaten the snacks. ¿Lo veis? Es algo que ha ocurrido en el pasado
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porque ya lo he hecho, pero realmente ha ocurrido hace muy, muy poco tiempo, o muy poco tiempo atrás, ¿sí?
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So, in order to create sentences with the present perfect, I need again this time another friend, ¿ok?
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you are starting to have a lot of friends okay if we can call the auxiliary verbs our friends
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this time we are using the auxiliary verb to have okay and we can conjugate it as have or has
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it depends on the subject that we have before for example if I want to use have I can use it with I
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with you, with we, or with they, okay? Whereas, if I want to use has, I can only use it with the third person, he, she, it, okay?
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so depending on the subject I will use one form of the auxiliary verb to have or another perfect
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the second rule to do well this grammar tense it's that after the auxiliary verb I always have
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to use a main verb like in the other grammar tenses that we have learned so
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far como en el resto de tiempos verbales que llevan auxiliar que hemos aprendido
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a lo largo del curso in this case we need the verb the main verb in the past
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participle remember I told you at the beginning that we are using something
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that you have already learned in the course in the school year as we need the
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verse from the third column necesitamos los verbos de la tercera columna cuando
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son irregulares de acuerdo esos verbos son los del past participle
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For example, a third column would be drive, drove, driven, eat, ate, eaten, drink, drank, drunk, go, went, gone, ¿de acuerdo?
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Eso serían los verbos de tercera columna.
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Remember that those verbs are irregular verbs.
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We also have a group of verbs that are regular.
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It means that they follow some rules.
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No estoy leyendo el chat, chicos.
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Si estáis diciendo algo, no estoy viendo la pantalla de Meet.
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Por lo tanto, que alguien interrumpa y que me diga por micro, ¿vale?
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So remember, this is the case.
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¿Qué están diciendo?
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¿Perdón?
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¿Qué están diciendo por el chat?
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that the class goes like
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delayed that you speak and then you are listened to half an hour after what you put
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Well, I don't know why that can happen because I'm not connected to the good network but it happens with all or only with some
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It is that the problem of my internet alone
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to me it does not happen to me if it happens
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to me too
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I do not
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Mateo, are you in your room or in the living room?
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In the room, in my room.
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In your room, we already said the other day that the internet was going pretty bad because we also saw you cut in half.
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So maybe it's because of your connection problems.
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If you see that you have a lot of problems, leave if you want and since I'm going to send you this recorded, you can review it with the video.
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And if you have any questions, write me or ask me what you need.
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okay okay let's continue so i was remembering the group of the irregular verbs the one from
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the list that you had to study but we also have another group of verbs that are called
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regular verbs your favorite verb which is play right do you remember play even though you are
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not using so much this verb lately because you are not supposed to go to the streets but play
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the second column in play would be played with ed and the third column for play would be played
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with ed okay in regular verbs the past simple is exactly like the past participle
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En los verbos regulares les ponemos ED y me quedo más ancho que Pancho, ¿de acuerdo? Les pongo ED y fuera, ¿de acuerdo?
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El problema lo tengo con los irregulares, que los irregulares yo los tengo que aprender de memoria, porque de lo contrario no los voy a saber ya que nos siguen unas reglas.
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Pero los regulares siguen las reglas y simplemente les pongo ED y los tendría.
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another regular verb would be talk okay in order to have talked in the past
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participle I have to add e d okay is it clear I'm gonna move to the chat yes yes
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Nora? The others? Leo? Is it clear? Anás? Aurora? Lucía? Yes. Okay, so remember the
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auxiliary verb to have, okay? It can be have or has depending on the subject.
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next to the auxiliary verb the main verb if we have a regular verb we have to
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add ed to the verb if we have an irregular verb I have to use the verb
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from the third column. ¿Hasta ahí claro? Espero que sí. Esto de momento es sencillo.
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¿De acuerdo? Bien, so let's continue to the different
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type of sentences that I can do with the present perfect. As in the other tenses, I can write
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sentences in affirmative, in negative, or in interrogative. As I told you before, I included
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here the structure, so the structure for the affirmative, I have to start writing my sentence
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with a subject like in Spanish Pedro Juan nosotros vosotros he we you they my friends
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my dad my dog okay next to the subject I have to use have or has remember depending on the
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I will use have or has Pedro has my friends they have I have okay next to
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the auxiliary verb I need to write the past participle of the verb if we are
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using a regular verb, play, talk. If I'm using an irregular verb, the third column
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drive, drove, driven, eat, ate, eaten, drink, drank, drunk, go, went, gone, okay? And after
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the main verb, whatever I want to include in the sentence, okay? Whatever else I
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want to include in the sentence. Let's see an example. With the auxiliary verb have because
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I'm using I, you, we or they. I have visited the dentist. Yo he visitado al dentista. Es decir,
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he ido al dentista en el pasado. ¿Hace mucho? No. Seguramente habrá sido a lo mejor hace una hora,
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hace 10 minutos hace un día pero no va a ser el verano pasado vale he ido al dentista sería la
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traducción española sí and as you can appreciate here as you can notice here you can instead of
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writing the whole auxiliary verb have you can shorten it lo podéis acortar poniéndolo de esta
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manera pero esto es algo que ya sabíais estoy convencido vale aquí estoy usando un verbo que
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es regular with he it would be he we have a different subject we need another form
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of the auxiliary verb he has and the rest of the sentence is exactly the same he has visited
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the dentist or he's visited the dentist okay you can also sort it very good in the negative
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and the only thing we have to do is adding or including the particle not
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Ok, to the auxiliary verb
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So, I don't say
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I don't driven
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I don't eat and breakfast
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No puedo decir el don't o el doesn't
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Porque ese verbo auxiliar no es del present perfect
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Don't doesn't los utilizo en present simple
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Vale, esto recordadlo
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porque es lo que más dudas os genera, porque vuestro principal problema es que mezcláis los verbos auxiliares de unos tiempos verbales, los mezcláis con los de los otros, ¿vale?
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A lo mejor estáis escribiendo una frase en pasado, en negativa, y en lugar de poner I didn't do my homework, a lo mejor me ponéis I don't, ¿vale?
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I don't do my homework. Esa frase está bien, pero no estáis hablando del pasado, ¿vale? Entonces es muy importante.
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So, we have not eaten breakfast. Imaginad que os habéis levantado esta mañana, estamos ahora aquí en clase, y empieza a decir, por ejemplo, asma.
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pues yo esta mañana no he desayunado nada porque no tenía hambre eso ha ocurrido hace
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relativamente poco tiempo ha ocurrido en el pasado reciente vale entonces para que veáis
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que utilizamos el present perfect para hablar de cosas que ya han ocurrido en el pasado pero
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hace relativamente poco si i can also shorten the auxiliary verb if i don't if imagine that
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one day bruno is lazy okay and he is saying to himself well today i'm feeling tired i don't want
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to write the whole auxiliary verb i prefer to write the short form of the auxiliary verb haven't
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it's correct too okay so this have not this haven't we have to use this auxiliary every time
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we have any of those subjects if I have this other subjects he see it okay I
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have to use has not or hasn't and with the interrogative if you know how to do
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correctly the affirmative and the negative the interrogative is a piece of
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cake okay the only thing is that you have to change the order of the words
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when you are asking something in English you don't say look I'm writing here
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I'm gonna write here I'm copying that one okay this is one common mistake you
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usually have
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this. They have been in London. It's wrong, because you have not changed the order of the words to
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ask, in the order of the auxiliary. The correct way would be to do it like this. Have they been in
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London? You know that the change is minimal, guys. I have only changed the auxiliary verb,
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that I have taken it to the beginning and it is over, it is worth this is a failure that I have observed a lot in the
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last test in the one of units 89 with the going to is a failure that you have had enough
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people worth the interrogation you have not changed the auxiliary and you have put it like this but
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Pero le habéis añadido el símbolo de interrogación al final.
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Entonces pues eso no es correcto.
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¿De acuerdo?
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¿Que os entenderían?
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Por supuesto que os entenderían.
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Pero si lo hacéis en una redacción os lo contarían mal.
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En inglés hablado no pasaría nada.
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Absolutamente nada.
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¿Vale?
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Y en escrito os entenderían igual pero no os lo darían bien.
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Entonces bueno, importante este detalle.
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¿Vale?
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And I can also include with the present perfect that word, EVA, que solo utilizamos para decir si alguna vez has estado en algún sitio, si has hecho alguna cosa, por ejemplo, Nora, have you ever been in Madrid? Can you answer to me?
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Yes
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Yes, I've been, ok
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Habéis visto, le he preguntado a Noda si alguna vez ha estado en Madrid
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Y ya me dice que sí
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Saraluque, have you ever been in Disneyland?
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Saraluque, are you still between us?
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No?
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Ok, yes, very good
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Vale, entonces para que veáis que have you ever
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Cuando pongo el eva es para preguntar si alguna vez has estado o hecho algo
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Bruno, have you ever driven a car?
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Bruno, have you ever driven a car?
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If you say no, how would it be?
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Well, Lucía, it would be yes, I have.
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And if it's no, no, I haven't.
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And that's it.
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Of the notes that I see that you are commenting, now I'll tell you a little something, okay?
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To calm you down, because I see you a little upset.
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Vale, esto por un lado.
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What else? The last thing, ok? That I'm going to explain.
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We can also include those words when we are using the present perfect.
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Estas son expresiones que se utilizan con el present perfect, ¿vale?
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Recordad, por ejemplo, con el present continuous teníamos otras palabras que utilizábamos.
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o por ejemplo right now, now, at the moment, son palabras que solo utilizo en present continuous, pues con present perfect nos pasa lo mismo, yo tengo otras, ¿vale? que voy a utilizar siempre con present perfect, ¿y qué significan esto?
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already means ya, just means like acabar de and yet means todavía. Those words are important
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because they precise or they give an accurate
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or they try to give an accurate moment
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in the time that the thing happened
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or that the event happened.
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Tratan de precisar de alguna manera
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ese momento del pasado
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en el que ha ocurrido la acción.
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Mirad.
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Cristian.
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Sí.
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Se puede decir, por ejemplo,
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No, I haven't just finished my homework.
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I haven't just...
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Si quieres decir que yo quitaría el just, en negativa no lo utilizaría, ¿vale?
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Yo diría en afirmativa, sí, I have just finished my homework.
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Acabo de terminarlos.
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Vale.
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Vale, pero en negativa, I haven't finished just, I haven't just finished, se podría utilizar, pero lo veo que igual puede confundir un poquito más.
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En negativa es mejor hacerlo con yet.
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Yet, exacto.
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Vale.
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Ahora voy a eso.
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So, lo que os vuelvo a repetir, se utiliza para precisar ese momento del pasado en el que ha ocurrido algo.
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Ejemplos.
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We have already done our homework, nosotros sin el already sería nosotros hemos hecho los deberes, pero con el already pasa a significar nosotros ya hemos hecho los deberes, ¿de acuerdo?
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Quiere decir que ya están completados, que están listos para ser corregidos o para ser enviados, nos da un poquito más de información sobre esa acción.
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Otro ejemplo, I have just brushed my teeth, me he cepillado los dientes, pero con el just me acabo de cepillar los dientes, es decir, que acaba de pasar hace relativos pocos minutos, vale, que justo acabo de terminar de hacer eso, a lo mejor segundos atrás estaba cepillándome los dientes todavía, vale
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We use already and just with sentences in affirmative, ok?
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And we always, always use them after the auxiliary verb or between the auxiliary verb and the main verb.
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Lo utilizamos siempre las dos entre el auxiliar y el principal en afirmativo.
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And the other case, yet, it's a bit different because we always, always use it at the end of a sentence when it's in negative, ok?
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He hasn't brought the documents yet.
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Sin el yet, esto significaría él no ha traído los documentos.
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Pero con el yet, él no ha traído los documentos todavía.
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I mean, I'm already like a crazy guy waiting for him to bring me the documents, I've been waiting for a guy to bring me his documents and he still hasn't brought them to me and here I'm still waiting, okay?
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And it's always placed at the end and when the sentence is in negative, okay?
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And this would be all we're going to learn from the present, well, we would have one more thing left, but this is the most important, okay?
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and what I wanted to remember is that we already did this in the last course.
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- Subido por:
- Cristian M.
- Licencia:
- Reconocimiento
- Visualizaciones:
- 73
- Fecha:
- 22 de mayo de 2020 - 22:08
- Visibilidad:
- Clave
- Centro:
- CP INF-PRI SAN FERNANDO
- Duración:
- 24′ 41″
- Relación de aspecto:
- 1.78:1
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- Tamaño:
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