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THE BAROQUE IN SPAIN - Contenido educativo
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The Baroque
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The Baroque flourished at the end of the Renaissance.
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It makes reference to the convoluted and irregular, to the ornate and exuberant, contrasted with the harmony, balance and symmetry typical of the Renaissance.
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From Rome, it rapidly spread across Italy and Europe, reaching the territories of America.
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In religious art, grandiosity is sought so that man feels diminished before the divine,
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while in civil art, absolute monarchies use it to express the power of the state through urbanism,
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with grand palaces, squares and gardens.
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In Baroque architecture, the human scale is used as an expression of absolute power.
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The floors of the buildings adopt elliptical and mixtilinear forms.
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They employ solomonic columns, ornate shafts and pilasters.
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It is made up of concave and convex façades with small porticos and large doorways.
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the domes, arches, criss-cross and corbel arches were built. The adornment is even more intense.
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The materials used in the interiors are luxurious. Light plays an important role in bringing
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attention to the central part of the work. He was a realist and naturalist artist who sought
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the theatricality of the ensemble with a predominance of the curvilinear and the undulating,
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transmitting emotion and sentiment. Due to the economic crisis that swept Spain
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in the 17th century, poor materials were used, such as stone originating from the
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Mudeja tradition and cobalt timber domes covered in plaster were erected. We can
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identify three stages in Spanish Baroque architecture.
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The first stage presents a herrarian style, austere and modest, like that exhibited by
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the urbanist centre of Lerma in Burgos, or the Plaza Mayor and the Casa de la Villa City
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Hall, Madrid.
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Also from this stage are the Casón del Buen Retiro and the collegiate church of San Isidro.
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The second stage has a more decorative architecture with better movement.
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It has its center of influence in Andalusia where the works of Alonso Cano in Granada
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and Leonardo de Figueroa in Seville stand out.
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In the third stage, characterized by the lavish adornment of buildings, strong regional connotations
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are presented.
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In the Castilian Baroque, the works of the Churriguera family stand out in Salamanca
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and Madrid, and those of Pedro Rivera also in Madrid.
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In Toledo, Narciso Tomé erected El Transparente in the cathedral, where he combines architecture,
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sculpture and painting.
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In the Galician Baroque, the façade of the Obradoiro of the Santiago Cathedral stands
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out.
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In the Eastern Spanish Baroque, we find the façades of Valencia Cathedral and the palace
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of the Marquis of Dos Aguas, now Rococo, and the façade of Murcia Cathedral.
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With the reign of Philip V, the Royal Palace of Madrid and the Palace of La Granja of San
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El Defonso in Segovia were constructed.
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The Spanish Baroque sculpture uses religious imagery as a point of reference.
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In this area, we can also speak of a Castilian Baroque with Gregorio Fernandez and his work
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The Cristo Jacente of El Pardo, where his hands and his face express pure
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realism and drama. Juan Martinez de Montañez, Alonso Cano, Juan de Mesa, Pedro de Mena and
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sculptor Luisa Roldan, La Roldana, represent the Andalusian school with images that highlight
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beauty and delight with bright and vivid colors. And Francisco Saldillo, as a representative of
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the Murthian school with clear Neapolitan influence, which marks the transition to the
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Rococo.
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In Baroque painting, much like in other arts, interest is demonstrated via chiaroscuro.
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There are two distinguished currents.
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The Tenebrism corresponds to the origins of Baroque, its main figures being Caravaggio
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and José de Ribera, the Españoletto, the little Spaniard.
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The classicism is most centred on the design and placement of the figures
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in the centre of the composition without contrasts or exaggerated behaviours.
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The great master of Baroque painting is Velázquez,
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with other great figures such as Subarán, Murillo, Valdés Leal and many others.
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Thank you.
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- Subido por:
- Alicia M.
- Licencia:
- Dominio público
- Visualizaciones:
- 18
- Fecha:
- 16 de febrero de 2024 - 7:10
- Visibilidad:
- Público
- Centro:
- IES LA SENDA
- Duración:
- 05′ 55″
- Relación de aspecto:
- 1.78:1
- Resolución:
- 1920x1080 píxeles
- Tamaño:
- 157.84 MBytes