Saltar navegación

Activa JavaScript para disfrutar de los vídeos de la Mediateca.

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE RENAISSANCE - Contenido educativo

Ajuste de pantalla

El ajuste de pantalla se aprecia al ver el vídeo en pantalla completa. Elige la presentación que más te guste:

Subido el 27 de noviembre de 2023 por Alicia M.

151 visualizaciones

Más información Transcripción

Descargar la transcripción

The Renaissance. We're talking about a period of European history mainly taking place in 00:00:00
Italy from the 14th to the 16th century, bridging the gap between the Middle Ages and modern 00:00:14
day civilization. The word Renaissance means rebirth, in this case the rebirth of the classical 00:00:20
Greek and Roman arts and philosophy following the Middle Ages, an era often branded as a 00:00:26
time of war, cultural decline, and pandemics such as the Black Death. Humanism was really 00:00:32
at the heart of the Renaissance, a philosophy inspired by classical Greek and Roman texts 00:00:38
celebrating human creativity, individual achievement in different fields, and promoting the idea 00:00:43
that man was the center of his own universe, not God. This new mindset contrasted with 00:00:48
medieval philosophy which centered on the divine and on following the rules set forth 00:00:54
by the Catholic Church as God's plan. The Renaissance started in Florence, Italy, which 00:00:58
became very wealthy thanks to trade with the Ottoman Empire, the biggest economic power 00:01:04
in the region. Theories accounting for the origins of the Renaissance include the reintroduction 00:01:09
of classical texts to Italy through the immigration of scholars following the fall of Constantinople, 00:01:14
and through returning crusaders who had encountered advanced Muslim civilizations that had kept 00:01:20
copies and translations. Also, members of the powerful and wealthy Medici family of 00:01:25
Florence were famous backers of the movement and supported public art for recognition, 00:01:30
for the love of beauty, and also to legitimize their wealth. The movement later expanded 00:01:35
to other Italian city-states such as Venice, Milan, Rome, and then throughout Western and 00:01:40
Northern Europe by scholars such as Dutch philosopher Erasmus. 00:01:46
Thanks to the development of printing by Gothenburg and Europe, little-known texts from early 00:01:51
humanist authors such as Petrarch were distributed to the masses as literature rose as an important 00:01:56
aspect of everyday life. Dante's Divine Comedy, Machiavelli's Prince, and Shakespeare's 00:02:01
Hamlet were some of the most notable pieces of literature of the Renaissance. 00:02:07
Perhaps the most prominent feature of the Renaissance was the furthering of the arts. 00:02:12
The apex of artistic talent came later during the High Renaissance in the form of Leonardo 00:02:18
da Vinci, Raphael, and Michelangelo who were supported by the Medici family. Their paintings 00:02:23
and sculptures featured anatomically accurate human bodies in complex poses, dramatic and 00:02:29
emotional compositions, naturalistic depictions of space, and intellectually sophisticated 00:02:34
subject matter. Notable examples include the Mona Lisa, The Last Supper, The Statue 00:02:39
of David, The Birth of Venus, and The Creation of Adam. 00:02:45
The most prevalent societal change during the Renaissance was the fall of feudalism 00:02:50
and the rise of a capitalist market economy. Increased trade and the labor shortage caused 00:02:54
by the Black Death gave rise to something of a middle class as workers started demanding 00:03:00
wages and better living conditions. 00:03:04
The development of a middle class and the rise of humanism encouraged Europeans to question 00:03:07
the role of the Catholic Church and caused its influence to wane. In such context, a 00:03:11
German monk named Martin Luther challenged many of the practices of the Church like nepotism 00:03:16
and the selling of indulgences, and led the Protestant Reformation, a revolutionary movement 00:03:21
that caused a split in the Catholic Church. 00:03:27
To break Ottoman dominance over access to India and the Far East, Europeans were eager 00:03:30
to explore new trade routes for gold and spices. In the age of exploration, Columbus 00:03:34
discovered the Americas in 1492 and Magellan became the first person to successfully circumnavigate 00:03:40
the globe in the early 1500s. 00:03:46
Placing the sun at the center of the solar system rather than the Earth was a major breakthrough 00:03:49
in the history of science by Polish astronomer Copernicus, though his book was banned by 00:03:54
the Catholic Church. Galileo Galilei later also found evidence for a heliocentric solar 00:03:59
system in addition to improving the telescope and conducting experiments that paved the 00:04:04
way for Newton's discoveries about gravity. 00:04:09
By the early 17th century, the Renaissance movement had died out for different reasons, 00:04:12
including the invasion of Italian territories by neighboring powers and the Catholic Church's 00:04:17
censorship of artists and writers in response to the Protestant Reformation, as well as 00:04:22
the establishment of the Inquisition which made any views that challenged the Church 00:04:27
an act of heresy punishable by death. 00:04:31
Many historians prefer to think of the Renaissance as an arts and cultural movement rather than 00:04:35
a historical period that is distinct from the Middle Ages since there are no clear dividing 00:04:40
lines between the two periods. Also, most historians claim the Renaissance was only 00:04:44
experienced by the very rich whereas for the vast majority of Europeans who were peasants, 00:04:48
it was not really a thing. The reason we study the Renaissance so much is not because it 00:04:54
was so central to the 15th century but because it matters to us now, because of the legacy 00:04:58
of humanism and individualism that strongly influenced the Euro-American world ever since. 00:05:04
Subido por:
Alicia M.
Licencia:
Dominio público
Visualizaciones:
151
Fecha:
27 de noviembre de 2023 - 19:45
Visibilidad:
Público
Centro:
IES LA SENDA
Duración:
05′ 16″
Relación de aspecto:
1.78:1
Resolución:
1920x1080 píxeles
Tamaño:
140.74 MBytes

Del mismo autor…

Ver más del mismo autor

EducaMadrid, Plataforma Educativa de la Comunidad de Madrid

Plataforma Educativa EducaMadrid