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CEV 2ESO - 23 The fight against discrimination - Contenido educativo

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Subido el 21 de julio de 2023 por César Pedro P.

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The fight against discrimination

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When someone is treated in a different and fair way in comparison with other people, 00:00:00
we say that this person has been discriminated. 00:00:06
Unfortunately, discrimination has been very common throughout history in many parts of 00:00:09
the world. 00:00:14
One clear example of this is the way women have been treated throughout history. 00:00:15
For a long time, women have been treated differently. 00:00:21
They didn't have access to the public sphere, they couldn't take important decisions, and 00:00:24
even in the family, it was the men who could decide and who could manage the money, for 00:00:29
example. 00:00:34
That's why feminism appeared. 00:00:35
Feminism is a social and political movement that wants to achieve a real equality between 00:00:39
men and women. 00:00:44
The first pioneers of feminism appeared in the late 18th century. 00:00:46
We could talk, for example, about Olympe de Gouge. 00:00:51
She was a revolutionary who lived in France, and she was quite surprised because after 00:00:55
the French Revolution, the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen was proclaimed. 00:00:59
She was surprised because in this declaration, only men were included. 00:01:07
Why not women, she wondered. 00:01:12
So she wrote a Declaration of the Rights of Woman and Citizen, but unfortunately her declaration 00:01:14
was ignored. 00:01:20
Also in England, the feminist movement appeared in these days. 00:01:25
In 1792, the British writer Mary Wollstonecraft wrote a very influential book called The Vindication 00:01:30
of the Rights of the Woman. 00:01:37
In this book, she explained how men and women should be treated equally, and the fair thing 00:01:39
was to give them equal rights. 00:01:45
And to achieve this, she argued, it was essential that women could have a clear and equal access 00:01:48
to education to make them free to decide and to take their own lives in her hands. 00:01:54
Later, feminism has been a very influential movement. 00:02:02
It has developed throughout the centuries, and it is generally considered that it developed 00:02:05
in different waves. 00:02:11
The first wave of feminism developed in the 19th century. 00:02:13
In these days, feminists tried to achieve a real equality of rights between men and 00:02:18
women in the legislation. 00:02:24
You must remember that during the 19th century, in democratic countries, women couldn't vote. 00:02:26
And even in the places where the economy was very developed, only men could have access 00:02:32
to the real money in the family and could take decisions about their children. 00:02:39
So that's why in the first wave of feminism, feminists tried to achieve that women and 00:02:45
men had the same rights in the legislation. 00:02:52
It was a long fight that was only finally achieved in the 20th century, when the legislation 00:02:55
included the equality of rights between men and women in many countries. 00:03:02
The second feminist wave is considered to have happened in the second half of the 20th 00:03:08
century. 00:03:16
Around 1960, in many countries, the legislation recognized the same rights for men and women. 00:03:17
But this didn't mean that in practice, men and women could live equally. 00:03:24
For example, even though men and women have the same rights in the paper, in the legislation, 00:03:29
it was the woman who took care of the children and who worked at home. 00:03:36
So the feminist movement, this second wave, asked for a real equality in practice, in 00:03:40
real life, not only in the legislation. 00:03:48
And that meant, for example, that women could have access to contraception methods that 00:03:51
could help them to decide when and where to have their children. 00:03:57
The third wave of the feminist movement is considered to have developed at the end of 00:04:02
the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century. 00:04:07
In this third wave, feminism has become a very diverse movement, and it includes different 00:04:11
branches. 00:04:18
For example, the eco-feminism that tries to join the rave indications of feminism with 00:04:19
those of ecologism. 00:04:25
Or, for example, the decolonial movement that tries to take care of the particular situation 00:04:26
of women who live outside Western countries, for example, in Africa or in Asia. 00:04:33
But not only women have been discriminated throughout the times, also homosexual people 00:04:40
have been discriminated for many, many centuries in many different places. 00:04:46
Bisexual people feel a sexual attraction towards people that have the same gender. 00:04:52
You must difference homosexuality from bisexuality. 00:04:58
Bisexual people feel attracted both to people that have their same gender and people that 00:05:03
have a different gender. 00:05:07
Bisexual people have also been discriminated everywhere in many different places throughout 00:05:09
the time. 00:05:14
And also transsexual people, who are people that don't feel that they belong to the gender 00:05:16
they were assigned when they were born. 00:05:22
All these types of discrimination are very unfair, because you have the right to love 00:05:25
whoever you want, as long as you respect other people. 00:05:30
That's why the LGTBQ plus movement appeared. 00:05:34
This movement tries to achieve real equality and to stop discrimination against people 00:05:40
who are lesbian, or who are gay, or who are bisexual, or who are transsexual, or intersexual 00:05:46
people. 00:05:52
And today, they have achieved this recognition of their rights in many places, but not everywhere 00:05:53
in the world. 00:06:00
Unfortunately, even today, there are countries where homosexuality is punished by the law, 00:06:01
and even by the death penalty. 00:06:08
So homosexual people can be killed because of loving people that have the same gender. 00:06:11
Idioma/s:
en
Autor/es:
César Prestel
Subido por:
César Pedro P.
Licencia:
Reconocimiento - No comercial - Sin obra derivada
Visualizaciones:
5
Fecha:
21 de julio de 2023 - 18:32
Visibilidad:
Público
Centro:
IES CERVANTES
Duración:
06′ 22″
Relación de aspecto:
1.78:1
Resolución:
1280x720 píxeles
Tamaño:
368.37 MBytes

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