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The Case of the Unknown Stink

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Subido el 28 de mayo de 2007 por EducaMadrid

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NASA Why? Files video containing the following ten segments. NASA Why? Files segment explaining the Data Matrix, a logical way of charting observations in an experiment. NASA Why? Files segment explaining how variations in circumstances can affect experim

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Hey you, hear me, yeah you, come see our clubhouse and our tree. 00:00:00
We are kids on a mission to educate ourselves about the NASA vision. 00:00:19
Come explore math and science, cause that's what makes our alliance. 00:00:24
We are the WAPA club, we yearn to learn and want to see everything that we can be. 00:00:29
So come join us on our journey, don't you touch that doll. 00:00:36
And welcome to the NASA WAPA house. 00:00:41
We're almost there. 00:00:45
This is really weird, I don't like this. 00:00:47
Where are you taking us? 00:00:50
Yeah, what are you up to now? 00:00:52
Come here, a little closer. 00:00:57
I'm Bianca, do you like my tree house? 00:01:00
I built it with my mom and dad. 00:01:03
I hope my two best friends, Matthew and Jacob, will be surprised. 00:01:05
Okay, you can take off your blindfolds. 00:01:11
Whoa! 00:01:15
How did you do this? 00:01:17
Who built this? 00:01:19
I did of course, with the help of my mom and dad. 00:01:21
Yeah, how did a spider get in my clubhouse? 00:01:24
Don't worry about it. 00:01:28
Good afternoon, this is Kids Science News Network. 00:01:30
This just in, the public health department in Fuseville is issuing a warning today. 00:01:33
Some residents are reporting a really, really bad stink in the air. 00:01:38
Reporter I Am Listening is on the scene with this live report. 00:01:41
No one knows the source of the smell. 00:01:45
With me right now is resident P.U. 00:01:48
What did you notice? 00:01:51
I just smelled this really foul odor and I don't know where it's coming from. 00:01:53
But I really can't tell because I smell so beautiful. 00:01:59
But yuck! 00:02:04
Okay, thank you P.U. 00:02:06
That's about all the information we have from here. 00:02:09
Now back to you. 00:02:11
The present questions include, what's causing all this stink? 00:02:13
And how is this going to impact us? 00:02:16
Please call us within the week, we need your help. 00:02:18
If you solve this problem, we will feature you on our cover story. 00:02:22
This is KSNN. 00:02:25
I'm kind of worried about the stink. 00:02:27
I hate bad smells. 00:02:29
I know. Fuseville isn't too far away. 00:02:31
I don't want to get sick from the smell. 00:02:34
And I'm kind of worried about my grandmother. 00:02:37
She has reading problems. 00:02:39
I have an idea. 00:02:42
What's that? 00:02:44
We could help KSNN. 00:02:45
Yeah! 00:02:47
Yeah, we could help them solve the problem. 00:02:48
And become stars! 00:02:50
Maybe then we can put our picture on the news. 00:02:52
Can you imagine being on the local news? 00:02:54
There's more to this than becoming a star. 00:02:57
We could actually solve the problem. 00:03:00
Well, that too. 00:03:02
Okay, where do we start? 00:03:04
Let's figure out what the problem really is. 00:03:06
Okay, what do we know so far? 00:03:10
Well, we know that something really, really stinks. 00:03:13
Hold on. Let's write this down. 00:03:18
Okay. 00:03:20
We know the Fuseville Public Health Department gave a warning. 00:03:21
And some people in Fuseville smell something really bad. 00:03:25
And no one knows where the smell is coming from. 00:03:29
I know that we'll be famous if we figure this problem out. 00:03:32
But we only have a week. 00:03:35
Good point. 00:03:37
So it comes down to what to smell. 00:03:38
Okay. 00:03:43
On the board we have three columns. 00:03:44
At first of these we have what we know. 00:03:46
And then we have what we need to know. 00:03:48
And where to go to get the information. 00:03:51
But we really need to know a lot more than we do now. 00:03:53
Like what? 00:03:57
Like what's in a smell. 00:03:58
Are all smells bad for you? 00:04:02
I know a skunk stinks, but smell can't kill you. 00:04:04
Good point. 00:04:07
And your shoes smell. 00:04:08
But I guess we'll live. 00:04:10
And my dog's breath is really bad. 00:04:13
Okay, guys. Get serious about this. 00:04:17
We need to know how a smell moves. 00:04:20
Why? 00:04:23
If we're going to solve the problem, 00:04:24
we need to know how the smell got there in the first place. 00:04:26
Let's experiment. 00:04:31
Okay. 00:04:33
If we're going to do experiments, 00:04:34
we need to know how we can do experiments to help us solve the problem. 00:04:36
Where is Puget Road from here? 00:04:40
It's that way. 00:04:42
I think we need a map of the area. 00:04:46
I've got one at home. 00:04:49
I'll bring it over tomorrow. 00:04:50
Let's go over and talk to our neighbor, Dr. D. 00:04:52
He's a retired science professor. 00:04:55
He's in his yard. 00:04:57
Hello out there. 00:04:59
What are all of you up to? 00:05:00
We're trying to find answers to some really big questions. 00:05:02
Hey, that's why I didn't work. 00:05:06
How do you find answers? 00:05:09
I like to use three basic resources. 00:05:11
Books, the Internet, and experts I can find to help. 00:05:13
Gotcha, Dr. D. 00:05:16
Thanks, Dr. D. 00:05:18
Goodbye. 00:05:20
Let's put a search under smell. 00:05:25
S-M-E-L-L 00:05:27
This is fun. 00:05:30
Do you use the Internet for your homework? 00:05:31
Let's see what it says on smell. 00:05:33
Listen to this. 00:05:35
We have the best sense of smell at the age of 10. 00:05:36
Hey, that's us. 00:05:39
Let's click here. 00:05:41
Oh, that's the fun fact file. 00:05:43
Snakes smell with their tongues. 00:05:46
Their tongue detects danger. 00:05:48
Sharks are called hounds of the sea 00:05:51
because they can find just one spot of blood 00:05:54
from over one mile away. 00:05:57
We need to find out what's causing the stink. 00:06:00
That's if we want to get on KSNM. 00:06:03
I'll show them. 00:06:05
We'll all be stars on KSNM. 00:06:07
Let's just go check in with Dr. D. 00:06:09
Hey, Dr. D. 00:06:12
What you working on? 00:06:13
Just one of my regular projects. 00:06:15
Wow, that's neat. 00:06:16
Can we take a ride on it? 00:06:18
I think we're quite ready for that. 00:06:20
Hi, Geronimo. 00:06:22
Are you getting along with Bernie today? 00:06:23
Yeah, right. 00:06:25
Look, Geronimo wants to help. 00:06:26
So, did you do a little investigating on the problem? 00:06:28
What did you find out? 00:06:30
A lot. 00:06:32
We found out you develop your best sense of smell at age 10. 00:06:33
Yes, we gathered a lot of information, 00:06:37
but we're not sure where it's going yet. 00:06:39
Dr. D., did you see the KSNM story on stink? 00:06:42
Dr. D., what makes things stink? 00:06:47
Hold on, guys. 00:06:49
I don't have all the answers, 00:06:50
but I might be able to get you started in the right direction. 00:06:51
First of all, not everyone thinks the same things stink. 00:06:54
Well, I agree. 00:06:57
We all think a pig farm really stinks. 00:06:58
I think you may want to use a scientific method to help figure this out. 00:07:02
Science? 00:07:06
Like what we study in school? 00:07:07
Yes, scientific method is a step-by-step way to solve problems. 00:07:09
Actually, we use it every day. 00:07:12
Look at this chart. 00:07:14
We usually start with a problem. 00:07:15
Then we ask a lot of questions, 00:07:17
gather a lot of information, 00:07:19
and then form a hypothesis. 00:07:20
We test that hypothesis by collecting data. 00:07:22
If the data doesn't support the hypothesis, we try again. 00:07:25
Oh, hi. 00:07:30
Listen carefully, and you two learn all about the scientific method. 00:07:31
Glitch in on something. 00:07:35
If this group uses the scientific method, 00:07:36
there's a good chance they'll figure out the problem. 00:07:38
I'll check in with you later. 00:07:40
My mom works at NASA, 00:07:42
and she says the scientists there use the scientific method. 00:07:44
Aren't scientists kind of weird? 00:07:47
Yeah, like the weird ones you see on Saturday morning cartoons. 00:07:50
Hey, watch it. 00:07:55
My mom's a scientist, and let me tell you, 00:07:56
she's not at all weird. 00:07:59
Yes, you're right. 00:08:02
Scientists come from families like yours. 00:08:03
My mom doesn't walk the halls wearing a strange white coat. 00:08:05
Scientists must be curious. 00:08:09
That's right, Bernie. 00:08:11
Do they ask a lot of questions? 00:08:13
I would make a good scientist because I always want to know why. 00:08:15
Like when you see something kind of weird, 00:08:18
your first question is, hey, why is this going on? 00:08:20
A big part of science is observing and questioning. 00:08:23
You mean observing with your eyes? 00:08:27
Let me show you an example of why it's very important to observe carefully. 00:08:30
First I'll drop the basketball. 00:08:34
Now the softball. 00:08:37
Now watch carefully when I drop them both together. 00:08:39
Whoa! 00:08:44
Tell me, how high did this basketball bounce? 00:08:47
I didn't notice. 00:08:50
Neither did I. 00:08:51
Flying softball was a real distraction, wasn't it? 00:08:53
Let's try it once more. 00:08:55
Whoa! 00:09:00
It hardly even bounced. 00:09:01
I guess it's easy to miss something even when you're trying to observe it. 00:09:03
Scientists observe with all their senses. 00:09:07
They also use tools like telescopes and microscopes 00:09:09
to help them make observations. 00:09:12
What kind of tools could we use to help us with this mouse? 00:09:14
I hope they're not too expensive. 00:09:17
I already spent this week's allowance. 00:09:19
All good scientists write down their information. 00:09:21
Make sure you keep good notes of what you find out. 00:09:23
Good thing we made up that board. 00:09:26
This is a must, even if you don't like to write. 00:09:29
Look, we already started taking notes. 00:09:32
You, mister, need to get a better notebook. 00:09:34
I think you're ready to take the next steps into the world of stink. 00:09:36
I'm ready. 00:09:40
If you guys are planning on doing any experiments yourselves, 00:09:41
you really need to visit with someone who's great at designing and doing some cool experiments. 00:09:44
Her name is Monica Barnes. 00:09:48
She works at NASA. 00:09:50
And guess what? 00:09:51
She's expecting you. 00:09:52
I figured you'd want to use her as a resource person. 00:09:53
See you later, Dr. D. 00:09:56
Bye. 00:09:57
Bye. 00:09:58
Oh, I wish them good luck. 00:09:59
Hi, Ms. Barnes. 00:10:15
Hi. 00:10:16
I'm Bianca, and this is Jacob and Matthew. 00:10:17
Dr. D. told us we needed to learn more about the scientific method. 00:10:20
It might help us solve the problem of stink invading the town of Fuseville. 00:10:24
We were hoping you could help us. 00:10:28
Wow, look at this place. 00:10:30
Hey, this doesn't look like a lab. 00:10:33
This looks like a plane. 00:10:36
Are you a scientist? 00:10:38
Well, not exactly. 00:10:39
Let me ask you something. 00:10:41
Have you ever heard of an engineer? 00:10:42
An engineer? 00:10:44
Isn't that someone that drives a train, designs, or invents something? 00:10:46
That's correct on all accounts. 00:10:50
I'm an electronics engineer, and we use math, science, and principles of electronics 00:10:52
in order to help us with our flying laboratory. 00:10:57
A flying laboratory? 00:11:00
What do you mean by that? 00:11:02
Come on, kids. 00:11:03
Let me show you how it works. 00:11:04
Our plane is more like a computer lab 00:11:08
with lots of electronic equipment and aircraft systems. 00:11:11
And here we even have a real cockpit, just like normal planes. 00:11:14
I'd like to be a pilot one day. 00:11:17
And I'm sure you will. 00:11:19
But maybe you'll fly this plane. 00:11:21
Cool. 00:11:23
We have several experimental stations in our plane which are all tied together in a network. 00:11:24
They work together to help us to collect data while we're flying and landing. 00:11:29
The type of data we collect depends on the type of research we're conducting. 00:11:33
Get it? 00:11:37
Yes, but how do you use the scientific method on your job? 00:11:38
Well, the first thing we do using the scientific method is to identify a problem, right? 00:11:42
Right. 00:11:46
Well, the second thing we do in using the scientific method 00:11:47
is to collect data related to the problem by changing certain variables. 00:11:50
What are variables? 00:11:54
Well, variables are just changes. 00:11:56
We change one or more things one at a time, 00:11:58
and then we measure the results of that change. 00:12:01
How are you going to do that? 00:12:04
During the winter season, we are going to take the airplane to a very cold place, 00:12:06
like up in Michigan near the Great Lakes, 00:12:10
and land it on a very long runway. 00:12:12
Then we'll test the plane by landing it on a runway 00:12:14
to see how long it takes once the brakes are applied to stop the plane. 00:12:17
This tells us how much friction that we have on the tires. 00:12:22
It's just like taking your bicycle and trying to stop on ice or snow 00:12:26
instead of on a dry, smooth road. 00:12:30
So we'll test at least four variables in our experiment. 00:12:34
A dry surface, wet surface, icy surface, and a snowy surface. 00:12:38
Let me show you how we can look at some of our data. 00:12:45
We can observe all of the different camera views at the video station. 00:12:49
These computer-generated graphics displays 00:12:53
help us see how the airplane is traveling down the runway. 00:12:56
Wow, cool pictures! 00:13:00
It can handle millions of bytes of data all at once. 00:13:02
This represents the data collection part of the scientific method, 00:13:05
and the results come out in a pattern of numbers that the researchers can use 00:13:09
to tell how the tires reacted with the runway surface. 00:13:14
Awesome! What do we do next? 00:13:17
Next, we take the data that we collected, 00:13:20
and we analyze it in order to help us solve our runway friction problem. 00:13:22
We can use what we find from analyzing the data 00:13:26
to make better runways and landing gear 00:13:30
to help our planes to land more safely during bad or inclement weather. 00:13:32
This is the way that we help make our airplanes and airports safer for you and me. 00:13:36
So this is how we use the scientific method 00:13:42
on our Boeing 757 research laboratory out here at the NASA Langley Research Center. 00:13:46
Now that we've shown you how to first identify a problem, 00:13:51
next to collect the data by changing certain variables, 00:13:54
maybe you can use this method in order to solve your problem with the stink. 00:13:58
Yes, I think we should think about our variables for the investigation of stink. 00:14:02
The stink and variables. 00:14:07
It's getting late. We better go over what we already know. 00:14:10
Huh? 00:14:14
We need to find out what variables may be part of this problem. 00:14:16
Look, we got an email. Dr. D wants us to go to the sanitation department. 00:14:20
Ugh, isn't that where all that stuff goes? 00:14:25
Why would he want us to go there? 00:14:28
To torture us? 00:14:30
No, that's where he said the experts track a stink. 00:14:32
Okay, this goes on the board under where to go. 00:14:36
Let's go there and see what we can find. 00:14:40
And then we'll call Dr. D and update him on our findings. 00:14:43
I can't believe I'm wasting my time on this. We'll never solve this problem. 00:14:46
Watch, we'll prove him wrong. 00:14:50
So what's up? Will our treehouse detectives be able to solve this problem? 00:14:53
Will they be able to clearly define the problem? 00:14:56
And what help can you give? 00:14:58
Tune in next time for Search for the Stink. 00:15:00
I'll sneak through the secret door. She won't even know I'm here. 00:15:09
Bianca, where are you? 00:15:13
Here I am. 00:15:15
Where? 00:15:16
Over here. 00:15:17
Can I take a ride? 00:15:19
Sure. 00:15:20
Hey, I've got the map. 00:15:22
Come on down. Let's get started on solving the stink problem. 00:15:25
Look, there's where we are. Big City. 00:15:32
Okay, where's Fuseville? 00:15:35
Hey, here's X-ville. 00:15:37
Look, there's Mid-City. That's pretty close to us. 00:15:39
Oh, here's Fuseville. That's pretty far away. 00:15:43
Maybe the smell won't reach us. 00:15:48
What do we need to do to solve this problem? 00:15:50
Let's go to the board. 00:15:52
Yesterday, Monica Barnes and Dr. D showed us up about doing experiments. 00:15:58
Yeah, and using that scientific method and learning more about variables and their importance in investigating a problem. 00:16:04
So what now? 00:16:11
I think before we move on any farther, we still need to learn more about the scientific method. 00:16:13
Dr. D says it will definitely help us. 00:16:18
The stink experts may be able to help us there. 00:16:21
Come on, let's head over to the sanitation department now. 00:16:24
Okay. Come on, let's go. A bus should be here any minute. 00:16:27
This should be an interesting smell journey. 00:16:31
It's all part of being a scientist. 00:16:33
So let's get up and go. 00:16:35
Okay, we're here. But now where do we go? 00:16:38
Wow, look how big this place is. It's pretty neat. 00:16:42
Look, there's someone straight ahead. She must be the smell expert. 00:16:46
We're meeting a scientist named Paula Hogg. 00:16:50
Hi, guys. I've been expecting you. Dr. D said you would be on your way. 00:16:53
Hi, I'm Bianca. This is Matthew and Jacob. 00:16:58
Hi, I'm Bianca. This is Matthew and Jacob. 00:17:03
I'm Paula. How can I help you? 00:17:07
We want to get our faces on KSNN. 00:17:09
What he means is he wants to help KSNN find the source of the smell. 00:17:12
Oh, well, I can show you where the source of the odor starts here. 00:17:17
First, you're going to need some of these. 00:17:21
Do you use a scientific method here? 00:17:23
Yes, we do. The first step is to find and observe the problem. 00:17:25
This is where the wastewater comes into the plant from our homes. 00:17:30
The wastewater contains odorous substances like hydrogen sulfide and ammonia. 00:17:33
Hydrogen sulfide is sometimes called the rotten egg gas. 00:17:38
Some of these substances are formed in the sewer 00:17:42
when bacteria break down organic material in the wastewater. 00:17:45
Man, this is definitely where the smell is coming from. 00:17:51
Yes, and you're using your sense of smell to observe the problem. 00:17:56
The next step is to collect data. 00:18:00
Hey, neat. What is that? 00:18:03
It's a hydrogen sulfide meter. 00:18:05
What does it show us? 00:18:07
With this, we can measure exactly how much hydrogen sulfide gas is in the air. 00:18:08
And next, we need to come up with a hypothesis. 00:18:13
Do you know what a hypothesis is? 00:18:15
I do. It's a guess. 00:18:17
Well, it's an educated guess. 00:18:19
That's when we use our facts, observations, and data 00:18:21
to come up with a possible answer to the problem. 00:18:24
Is this where you get rid of the odor? 00:18:27
Yes, it is. 00:18:29
We know that the odor is mainly caused by the release of hydrogen sulfide gas, 00:18:31
which can be controlled by chemical processes such as these. 00:18:35
What's that? 00:18:39
These are scrubbers. 00:18:41
Look through the window and observe the odor removal process. 00:18:43
These wet scrubbers change the gas and turn it into liquid, 00:18:46
which removes the odor. 00:18:50
And we use all of our data and observation to make sure this system works. 00:18:52
How do you know if your hypothesis is working? 00:19:00
We test our hypothesis every day at the treatment plant. 00:19:03
We use our noses again? 00:19:07
Yes, our sense of smell can tell us if the odor is being controlled. 00:19:09
But we also use a meter. 00:19:14
Plant operators check the sulfide levels going into and coming out of the scrubbing system 00:19:16
at least a dozen times a day. 00:19:22
Based on this, we can make adjustments to the odor control process. 00:19:24
The smell is much better. 00:19:29
Does this remove all the odor? 00:19:31
Well, under the right conditions, almost all of the odor can be taken away. 00:19:33
Wow! Look at this place! 00:19:43
Something sure is happening here. 00:19:45
It looks like my bubble bath that's after I've been playing all day. 00:19:48
This is the aeration basin. 00:19:53
Look closely. 00:19:55
A lot of change is happening here. 00:19:57
Bacteria are working to remove odor and other pollutants. 00:19:59
After all this, I'm sure the water must be really clean. 00:20:03
And the odor has to be gone. 00:20:08
Well, that's the goal. 00:20:10
But if there's still an odor, we can go back to the scientific method to solve our problem. 00:20:12
The scientific method. 00:20:17
But how do you know the odor is gone for good? 00:20:20
Well, at the end of the treatment process, we test to make sure that the odor and other pollutants are gone. 00:20:23
This place is really cool. 00:20:29
Wow! It looks so clean. 00:20:33
Wow! 00:20:35
Well, have you learned enough about the scientific method to help you with your smell problem? 00:20:37
Yes. I think we all should think about a hypothesis. 00:20:42
Yes. A hypothesis and variables. 00:20:46
Hi, Dr. D. 00:20:50
Oh, it's the Investigating Smell Team. How are you doing? 00:20:52
We visited the smell experts at the Wastewater Treatment Plant. 00:20:55
Yeah, and a scientist named Paula Hogg showed us how she uses the scientific method on her job to track stink at the plant. 00:20:58
So tell me, did you learn any more about science? Yes? 00:21:06
We learned it's why scientists ask so many questions. It's because they're curious. 00:21:09
Why don't you try one of these information sheets? I always use them to keep me straight when I'm researching problems. 00:21:15
Hmm. Identifies a variety of potential sources of information. 00:21:20
What did I miss? 00:21:26
Identifies inaccurate and misleading information. 00:21:28
Selects information appropriate to the problem or question at hand. 00:21:31
This looks like it'll be helpful. Thanks, Dr. D. 00:21:35
Hey, it's an update from KSNN. 00:21:41
We have crews on the scene in Pewsville. 00:21:44
On this Tuesday afternoon, the stink appears to be gone and no one has reported getting sick from it. 00:21:46
We just received word that a group of young detectives are trying to solve this mystery. 00:21:51
If you want to help them, check out our website. This is KSNN. 00:21:56
Hey, Dr. D. must have called the news station. 00:22:01
I think they're talking about us. 00:22:04
This is really cool. Yeah. 00:22:06
Think how many people will know about us. 00:22:08
I'm glad the smell's gone and nobody got sick. 00:22:10
But what if the smell comes back? 00:22:14
Comes back? Oh, no. We have to get this figured out now. 00:22:17
I agree. We need help. 00:22:21
I have an idea. We can ask our friends at school to help us. 00:22:23
Yeah, but we still need to take a guess as to what's causing it. 00:22:26
I think that's called a hypothesis. 00:22:32
No, you mean a hypothesis. Here, let me put it on the board. 00:22:35
Whatever. And then we need to, you know... 00:22:40
Hold on. Look at this. 00:22:43
It's a map. 00:22:46
No, the small print. 00:22:48
Oh, why didn't I think of this? 00:22:50
It says chemical plant. 00:22:52
That's it. 00:22:54
Oh, it's kind of near Fuseville. I get it now. It's all coming back to me. 00:22:55
This is great. We're definitely going to be on KSNN now. 00:23:01
Yeah. 00:23:04
Chemical plant. This is definitely where the smell's coming from. 00:23:05
I think we have a hypothesis. 00:23:08
I hope we're right. 00:23:10
But, yeah, because this all just seems a little too easy to me. 00:23:12
Maybe we're just good at this detective game. 00:23:17
Maybe. Never know. 00:23:20
Wow, look at all the email we've received. 00:23:25
There must be a million of them. 00:23:28
Or close to it. Hey, school starts pretty soon. 00:23:30
Maybe we should download all of this and take it to school with us. 00:23:33
And maybe we could get our friends to help us sort it out. 00:23:37
Yeah. 00:23:39
Got it. Let's go. 00:23:40
Okay. Hey, I'll grab the map. 00:23:42
Cool. 00:23:44
Hello. We're on time, but we do need your help. 00:23:46
Our help? Aren't you the famous investigative team? 00:23:49
Okay, so you saw us on KSNN last night? 00:23:52
How can we help? 00:23:55
We have a ton of information to go through. 00:23:57
A lot of residents have emailed us to let us know if they smell the bad stink. 00:24:00
So what have you done so far? 00:24:05
We started out by writing down what we knew about the problem. 00:24:07
We asked a lot of questions, wrote down a bunch of new questions, and talked to a lot of experts. 00:24:10
So here's what we know about the problem. 00:24:17
The Fuseville Health Department gave a warning on Monday 00:24:19
that a lot of people in the town were smelling a bad smell. 00:24:22
But no one knows where the smell is coming from. 00:24:27
We need to figure out what's causing the stink. 00:24:30
We asked the residents to email us to report if they found anything. 00:24:33
So we were sort of hoping that you could help us to gather the comments. 00:24:37
Wow, look at all that email. What do we do with it? 00:24:41
How about if we start by separating them by the cities? 00:24:44
Fuseville, Mid-City, Exville, and Big City. 00:24:48
Yeah, and then we can separate them into two PALs. 00:24:52
One for Monday and one for Tuesday. 00:24:55
That will help us to chart it down. 00:24:57
Phew, look, nobody smelled anything in Big City or Mid-City on either day. 00:25:05
Hey, this is weird. Look at all the people in Exville who said they smelled the usual on both days. 00:25:10
The usual? 00:25:16
And a couple of people said they think it's a paper mill and they're not worried. 00:25:18
Hey, look, here's a paper mill over here, and it's north of Exville. 00:25:23
And look, the trash burning plant is over here too. 00:25:28
But almost everyone in Fuseville said that they smelled something really bad on Monday, but not on Tuesday. 00:25:32
So maybe it really is the paper mill. 00:25:39
Well, it would have knocked them out in Exville if it was so bad in Fuseville on Monday. 00:25:42
But Fuseville didn't smell anything on Tuesday when Exville still did. 00:25:47
Maybe something kept the smell from getting there on Tuesday. 00:25:52
Maybe we should do an experiment on how smell moves. 00:25:55
Experiment? Cool. 00:25:59
Wait a minute. Nobody in Mid-City smelled it on either day. 00:26:01
And look, it's right next to the chemical plant. 00:26:05
Hmm, this is really strange. 00:26:08
Could we be wrong? 00:26:10
Maybe the chemical plant isn't causing all the stink. 00:26:12
But yesterday we figured out that it was the chemical plant. 00:26:15
I still think it is. That's our hypothesis, remember? 00:26:18
But we might be wrong. 00:26:22
We need an expert opinion. 00:26:24
Let's go back and tell Dr. D after school. 00:26:26
He might be able to tell us if we're right. 00:26:28
Let's go. 00:26:30
Hi, Dr. D. 00:26:36
Hello again. What's wrong? 00:26:38
You look like your cat just died. 00:26:40
No, that didn't happen. 00:26:42
Wishful thinking, Bernie. 00:26:44
Bummer. 00:26:45
We thought we had the problem all figured out. 00:26:46
We thought the stink was coming from the chemical plant. 00:26:48
Look at this. 00:26:52
But if the stink was coming from the chemical plant, 00:26:54
the people in Mid-City wouldn't smell it. 00:26:57
But if the stink was coming from the chemical plant, 00:27:00
the people in Mid-City would definitely smell it. 00:27:03
But they didn't. 00:27:06
It might have been the paper mill. 00:27:08
But why didn't the people in Exville smell it really strong on Monday? 00:27:10
And then why didn't the people in Fuseville smell it on Tuesday? 00:27:14
Either people are smelling it differently or something else is going on. 00:27:19
I was thinking maybe we could do an experiment to see how smell travels. 00:27:23
What would your variables be then? 00:27:27
Variables? 00:27:29
Remember what Monica Barnes said? 00:27:31
It's one specific thing that you, the experimenter, has control over. 00:27:33
It can affect or change the results of your experiment. 00:27:38
That's right. Let's use my wave machine as an example. 00:27:42
When I wiggle this rod, it makes waves of medium height. 00:27:45
The distance between waves we call the wavelength. 00:27:48
How can we change the wavelength? 00:27:52
I think if you wiggle the rods faster, it will make the wavelength shorter. 00:27:55
No. The wavelength will be longer. 00:27:59
Frequency, or how fast I wiggle the rod, is a variable because it affects the wavelength. 00:28:02
It's important to only change one variable at a time. 00:28:07
Like not changing the weight at all. 00:28:11
That's right. If we change the wave height, making it bigger or smaller, 00:28:14
that might also affect the wavelength. 00:28:17
Let's try it. 00:28:19
Let's set a faster frequency at medium height and see what happens. 00:28:21
Yes! I ruled! The wavelength was shorter. 00:28:25
Did that help you remember? 00:28:29
Kind of. I guess we need to think through about how a smell moves. 00:28:31
Okay. Let's go back to the treehouse and get to work. 00:28:35
Bye. 00:28:38
Bye-bye. 00:28:39
See you later, Dr. D. 00:28:40
Hey, they're talking about us again. 00:28:45
An update this Wednesday afternoon. The stink is back in the town of Pewsville. 00:28:47
And now, some Exville residents are reporting a different smell. 00:28:51
Hopefully, the treehouse detectives are still working on the case. 00:28:55
It's still a problem. The stink didn't go away. 00:28:58
Okay. We better look at this again. 00:29:02
Oh, no. Not that again. 00:29:05
So, what's up? Have the treehouse detectives found the source of the stink? 00:29:09
What do you think? Is their hypothesis right or wrong? 00:29:12
You'll want to join us next time for We're Almost There. 00:29:15
Hey, my neighbor is a special nose doctor. 00:29:25
Maybe knowing how people smell can tell us if the residents are smelling the stink differently. 00:29:28
Come on. Let's dial him up. See if he can tell us anything. 00:29:34
His name is Dr. George Jackner. Here he is. 00:29:39
Oh, hello. Hi, Bianca. 00:29:43
Hi. This is Jacob and Matthew. 00:29:47
We're trying to solve a stink problem for KSNN. 00:29:51
So, are you the treehouse detectives? 00:29:54
That's us. We want to know why we smell certain things. 00:29:57
Or how our noses work. 00:30:01
With more information, we might be able to sniff at the problem. 00:30:03
Everything that smells, or has an aroma, 00:30:08
has microscopic molecules, or little particles, 00:30:12
that come off and drift into the air. 00:30:16
Once it gets into the air, it comes in contact with the nose. 00:30:19
It goes inside the nose and then to a very special place 00:30:23
that's set up just to help you understand what the smell is. 00:30:27
But how does your brain recognize different smells? 00:30:31
Depending upon the kind of molecules that come into the nose, 00:30:35
the brain will understand what is going on with the smell. 00:30:39
Now, for example, pizza may have five little places in the nose 00:30:43
for its identification. 00:30:49
Whereas perfume may have six or seven. 00:30:51
And each of those places is very different. 00:30:54
Do all of us smell the same thing? 00:30:57
Well, we do not know if everybody smells the same smells. 00:30:59
What we do know is that people can identify things the same. 00:31:04
Now, for example, two children walking into the kitchen 00:31:09
may smell something cooking on the stove. 00:31:13
And we'll know right away, for example, 00:31:16
that their mother is making hot dogs. 00:31:18
Now, what can change that is if one of the children came from the garage 00:31:21
and had just been watching their daddy cleaning a paintbrush with turpentine. 00:31:25
And all that turpentine smell was in the nose. 00:31:29
What would change how that person smells? 00:31:32
I have some questions. 00:31:34
What about dogs or other animals? 00:31:36
Do they have the same nose as we do for sniffing? 00:31:38
The same nose! 00:31:41
Well, that's a good question. 00:31:44
You've heard the saying, you've got a nose like a shark. 00:31:46
Yes. 00:31:49
I have a friend you may want to visit at the Virginia Marine Science Museum. 00:31:51
To check out sharks, we'll make the time. 00:31:56
Good luck on your project. See you later. 00:31:59
It's really too bad Bianca couldn't make it, 00:32:09
but I'll be sure to take really good notes for her. 00:32:12
Hey, look, this is a cool aquarium. 00:32:14
Hey, guys, come on over here. 00:32:16
My name's Beth Bershaw. 00:32:18
I'm a curator here at the Virginia Marine Science Museum. 00:32:20
Dr. Schechter told me you'd be coming. 00:32:22
What's this? 00:32:24
This is the seal habitat, but I bet you guys want to see the shark aquarium. 00:32:26
Come on inside. Let's check it out. 00:32:29
Maybe that big nose can help us work through this stink problem. 00:32:32
We're learning a lot about smells. 00:32:36
We visited Dr. Schechter, and he told us how our noses work. 00:32:38
Maybe you and these sharks can help us learn more about smells. 00:32:41
We know that some chemical compounds have smells to them, 00:32:44
and our noses have special cells that can receive those smells. 00:32:47
That's right. Those cells are called olfactory chemoreceptors, 00:32:51
and sharks have them, too. 00:32:54
Now, if you live out of the water like you and me, 00:32:56
the air carries the smell to our noses. 00:32:59
If you live in the water like the sharks, the water carries the smell. 00:33:01
What? 00:33:05
What this means is is that animals, like those sharks, 00:33:07
have a sense of smell, even underwater. 00:33:11
Does this mean that sharks have a better sense of smell than we do? 00:33:14
So they can smell hamburgers better than me. 00:33:18
Well, not exactly. 00:33:21
Their sense of smell is tuned to the smells that help them survive in the wild. 00:33:23
They're top predators, and being able to smell their prey is very important. 00:33:27
Did you know that the shark's brain is devoted mostly to its sense of smell? 00:33:31
So when it comes to smelling, 00:33:35
sharks really know how to get to the bottom of the stinky stuff. 00:33:37
Take a long look at this shark's nose. 00:33:41
Did you know that it can sniff out one drop of blood in 25 gallons of water? 00:33:43
I guess we better go back and piece this all together. 00:33:48
See you later. 00:33:51
Thanks a lot. 00:33:52
Thanks for helping us. 00:33:53
That was so cool. 00:33:55
Now we know that some of us smell more than others. 00:33:57
But would a whole town use their noses differently? 00:33:59
Hmm, that's a good question. 00:34:02
I guess we still need to figure out how smell moves through the air. 00:34:05
Let's sing. 00:34:09
I have an idea. 00:34:10
This may seem weird, but I wonder if all smells travel through the air at the same speed. 00:34:12
Huh? 00:34:17
Yes. 00:34:18
I wonder if the source of the stink can move faster to one area than another. 00:34:19
Hey, that may be related to why the towns are smelling the smell differently. 00:34:24
Do you want to test in our treehouse? 00:34:31
You mean do our own little smell experiment? 00:34:33
Yeah, I have a bottle of air spray. 00:34:36
See this? 00:34:38
Hmm, let's stand in the middle of the room. 00:34:40
Okay, stand there. 00:34:42
I'm going to spray this. 00:34:44
You guys count to see how long it gets to reach your nose. 00:34:46
Okay. 00:34:49
Now close your eyes. 00:34:50
Okay, let's try it. 00:34:52
It took me exactly three seconds. 00:34:59
It took me three seconds, too. 00:35:02
What does it mean? 00:35:04
It must mean that we have the same noses. 00:35:06
Big ones, right? 00:35:09
No, it means smell travels at the same rate of speed. 00:35:11
So if it does, then why wouldn't everyone eventually smell it? 00:35:15
Hmm, another good question. 00:35:18
What do you think? 00:35:21
I think next time we meet, we should do more experimenting. 00:35:22
You mean more work. 00:35:26
Yes, that's how we get the job done. 00:35:28
Here we go again. 00:35:31
Hi, Dr. D. It looks like you fixed things up around here. 00:35:36
Hey, Dr. O. 00:35:40
Hey, Barney. 00:35:41
You look a lot happier than when I saw you last. 00:35:42
Don't they, Geronimo and Bernie? 00:35:44
We feel better now. 00:35:46
We might be getting closer to finding the stink. 00:35:47
Guess what? 00:35:50
We have an idea on how stink travels to the different cities. 00:35:51
We stood in a circle and sprayed something into the air. 00:35:55
And it reached our noses in exactly the same amount of time. 00:35:58
So maybe the cities are located at equal distance apart from the stink. 00:36:02
What do you think of that, Dr. D? 00:36:06
Pretty cool, huh? 00:36:08
Whoa, whoa, guys. 00:36:09
Hold on. 00:36:10
You might be getting a little ahead of yourselves. 00:36:11
First of all, have you been careful at how you've experimented? 00:36:13
We think so. 00:36:16
You stand at equal distance apart. 00:36:18
Is there anything else in the clubhouse that smells? 00:36:20
Well... 00:36:23
The big question is, have you been careful to keep everything the same? 00:36:25
What are you talking about? 00:36:30
Think about your experiment carefully. 00:36:32
Remember, you must plan it and not simply jump into it feet first. 00:36:34
You've only tested this on the three of you. 00:36:40
This is not a true sampling. 00:36:42
You need to test it on a larger group. 00:36:44
Everyone's sense of smell is different. 00:36:46
We know Bernie has the best nose in town, but what about you, Geronimo? 00:36:48
You're right. Bernie's got a great sniffer. 00:36:53
And getting back to your experiment, 00:36:55
more people will give you a truer picture of what you're looking at in your experiment. 00:36:57
Well, we could test this on our friends at school. 00:37:01
We have a lot of different sets of noses in our class. 00:37:04
Let's go to school. This will be great. 00:37:07
Thanks, Dr. D. 00:37:09
This is great. We have enough kids to pull this off. 00:37:21
We need to divide the class into groups of two. 00:37:24
Excuse me, excuse me. I have an idea. 00:37:27
One group could actually do the experiment, 00:37:31
and the other group could time and record the data. 00:37:33
Here are your stopwatches. 00:37:36
Okay, let's get to it. 00:37:38
You all need to stand in a circle. 00:37:40
Everyone two meters from me and one meter from each other. 00:37:42
Here's a meter stick. I'll be the measuring man. 00:37:46
All you sniffers need to pair up with somebody with a stopwatch. 00:37:49
And recorders, stand by. 00:37:52
That looks good. Does it look good, Mrs. Mozaitis? 00:37:54
It looks very good. 00:37:56
I'll stand in the middle, and I'll spray the spray. 00:37:58
When you smell it, raise your hand, and your partner will push the stopwatch. 00:38:01
Okay, let's go start the experiment. 00:38:05
Let's go. 00:38:08
Okay, recorders, what were your results? 00:38:24
I got 7. 00:38:27
14. 00:38:29
I have 15. 00:38:30
This is really strange. 00:38:32
Really strange. I thought the results would be the same. 00:38:34
I can't believe these numbers are different. 00:38:37
They're all different. 00:38:39
I guess science isn't all that predictable. 00:38:41
I expect it to be like our other experiment, where all the numbers were the same. 00:38:43
What do we do now? 00:38:48
I guess we go back and tell Dr. D. 00:38:50
Bye, everyone. Thanks for all your help. 00:38:53
Bye. 00:38:55
Hello, Dr. D. 00:38:58
Where is he? 00:39:00
Hello, Dr. D., where are you? 00:39:01
Hold on, hold on. I'm right here. What's wrong? 00:39:03
You sound a little anxious and look a little windblown. 00:39:06
Well, we thought we knew the answer. 00:39:08
Our experiment at the treehouse showed that smell moved at the same rate of speed. 00:39:11
But at school, it sure was different. 00:39:15
Let's talk about the test conditions. Were they all the same? 00:39:18
Well, the windows were shut, and the fans and A.C. were both off. 00:39:21
I was the measure man. 00:39:25
I know all our friends were standing equal distance from each other. 00:39:27
I have an idea. 00:39:31
Did you watch everyone and how they smelled the air spray? 00:39:33
Did they breathe normally or take a big sniff like this? 00:39:35
I know George had a cold. 00:39:39
You can't always control the situation. 00:39:41
There might be variations in sensitivity or how your friends smelled the air spray. 00:39:43
Look at the data you collected. We may want to ignore the 45 and the 20. 00:39:47
Because as you can see, they're pretty far away from the other numbers in the group. 00:39:51
These numbers could be mistakes in measuring 00:39:55
and might be misleading when you're trying to make sense of your data. 00:39:57
If we look at the rest of the numbers, they are very close. 00:40:01
But not the same because of variations like George's cold. 00:40:04
So, basically, we were right. 00:40:07
Smell does travel at the same rate of speed, but different things influence it. 00:40:10
Do certain things make smells move faster or slower? 00:40:15
I think you need to do some more investigating. 00:40:19
We know! 00:40:21
And more investigating. 00:40:22
We're never going to get on KSNN. 00:40:25
Hmm, what's that noise? 00:40:28
No, it's just the wind blowing. It's nasty outside. 00:40:31
Hmm, I wonder, could this be one of our variables? 00:40:34
It could be. I think you three need to do some more experimenting. 00:40:38
I have a gut feeling this could be the answer. 00:40:42
You may be right. 00:40:45
You have a lot of guts. 00:40:47
I do not. 00:40:48
Too so! 00:40:49
Whatever! 00:40:50
Good afternoon this Thursday. We have an update on the stink. 00:40:53
Now some residents in Big City are reporting they're smelling something really bad. 00:40:56
It appears this mysterious smell is moving in a different direction. 00:41:00
This wind's not helping the situation. 00:41:03
Today it's blowing from the west. 00:41:05
That's towards us. 00:41:07
I told you I smelled something. 00:41:09
It smells like old socks. 00:41:11
I still think it's the wind moving things around. 00:41:13
That's brilliant. 00:41:16
You'll see what I mean. 00:41:17
Let's go to our board. 00:41:19
I do like using this. 00:41:24
It helps us chart out our plan to attack the stink. 00:41:26
We know something is driving the smell and it's coming our way. 00:41:29
We know it's really windy. 00:41:34
We need to find out, does wind move smell? 00:41:36
So where do we go? 00:41:40
Definitely to our school to do experiments. 00:41:41
Maybe to see those weather people. 00:41:44
They know all about wind and wind direction. 00:41:46
Our mom could hook us up with some scientists at NASA 00:41:48
because they definitely know why things move through the air. 00:41:52
Let's go try our experiment at school. 00:41:57
Hey, look. 00:41:59
It's a clown face now instead of a spider. 00:42:00
Weird. 00:42:04
Maybe we can catch up with everyone. 00:42:05
Let's go. 00:42:07
I wonder what would give the same feeling as wind. 00:42:10
You have a lot of height. 00:42:13
Why don't you just sit there and blow at the spray? 00:42:14
Yeah, right. 00:42:17
Hey, maybe a fan. 00:42:18
That might work. 00:42:20
Yeah. 00:42:21
Okay, this time we'll send people to the front of the fan, 00:42:22
some to the back of it, and some to the side. 00:42:25
Okay. 00:42:28
Everyone close your eyes. 00:42:29
When I release the secret smell, raise your hand when you smell it. 00:42:31
I'll turn on the fan and I'll get the stopwatches. 00:42:35
I'll be the measuring man too. 00:42:39
I'll make sure everyone is 2 meters apart. 00:42:41
Okay, let's count her down. 00:42:44
In 5, 4, 3, 2, 1. 00:42:46
Wow, look at those hands go up. 00:42:56
I wonder why those standing in the back and to the side of the fan aren't raising their hands. 00:43:01
Oh, there they go. 00:43:08
Look at them now. 00:43:09
Let's do this experiment again to see if we get the same results. 00:43:12
Do you notice a pattern? 00:43:17
I think I do notice something. 00:43:19
Everyone standing in front of the fan smells the spray really, really fast. 00:43:21
But look how long it took those standing in the back and to the side of the fan. 00:43:26
Almost twice as long. 00:43:30
This looks like a pattern. 00:43:32
I bet you the wind is pushing the stink towards us. 00:43:34
In fact, I can still smell it outside of the fan. 00:43:37
I bet you the wind is pushing the stink towards us. 00:43:41
In fact, I can still smell it outside. 00:43:44
We might be onto something. 00:43:47
Let's do the experiment one more time and examine the data carefully. 00:43:48
Okay, here we go again. 00:43:53
The job of being a scientist is a lot of hard work. 00:43:56
What do you think? 00:43:59
Do you know what's throwing up the stink? 00:44:01
Can you figure it out before we do? 00:44:03
I sure hope so. 00:44:05
See you later. 00:44:07
So what's up? 00:44:08
Will the treehouse detectives solve the problem before the stink takes over their town? 00:44:09
Could wind be the variable that leads them to the source? 00:44:13
Will the fan experiment be the key in unlocking the hidden stink? 00:44:16
You'll want to join us next time for This is It, 00:44:19
the conclusion of the Y-Files you won't want to miss. 00:44:22
This is a KSNN weather update. 00:44:31
After the strong westerly winds we had yesterday, 00:44:33
it appears that the wind has shifted back from the north today. 00:44:36
Looking ahead to the weekend, expect sunny skies. 00:44:39
This weather guy has all the information we need. 00:44:42
Let's go talk to him. 00:44:45
KSNN is just around the corner. 00:44:46
Let's get up and go. 00:44:48
Hi, aren't you the guy we saw on TV? 00:44:59
That's me. I'm Craig Moeller. 00:45:01
I'm one of the meteorologists here at Channel 13. 00:45:03
Yeah, we see you on TV all the time. 00:45:05
You're always telling us about the weather. 00:45:07
You tell us when it's going to rain. 00:45:09
Being on TV is just a small part of my job. 00:45:10
A big part is looking at weather maps like these. 00:45:13
They tell me about the temperature, the air pressure, and the wind direction. 00:45:15
Wind direction? That's what we're here to talk about. 00:45:19
You see, we want to be on TV like you. 00:45:22
We're trying to find the source of the stink that KSNN reported. 00:45:25
I heard about that. Maybe I can help you. Come on. 00:45:28
Mr. Moeller, what generates wind? 00:45:32
We get wind when there are differences in the air pressure. 00:45:34
Remember, wind blows from high pressure to low pressure. 00:45:37
Have you ever gone to the beach and maybe blown up a beach ball? 00:45:40
Yeah. 00:45:43
Okay, what happens when you blow it up and you don't put the cap back on the ball? 00:45:44
All the air blows out. 00:45:47
All the air blows out because the pressure inside the ball is greater than the pressure outside. 00:45:49
And when the air moves from inside the ball to out, that's basically wind. 00:45:54
I have a question. Does wind ever change direction? 00:45:57
It sure does. 00:46:00
As a matter of fact, I want to show you something right over here. 00:46:02
This is a weather station, and one of the instruments you see right on top there, that's called an anemometer. 00:46:04
That's used to measure the strength of the wind, and this up here, this is called a wind vane. 00:46:09
This measures the direction, and as you can see, it's prepared to change with the wind. 00:46:14
Let me show you something over on this computer. This is pretty cool. 00:46:18
This is a weather map. We've got areas of low pressure and high pressure. 00:46:21
As you look at this map, you'll see the winds around high pressure travel clockwise, 00:46:24
and around low pressure travel counterclockwise. 00:46:28
So as we look at that, which way is the wind blowing? 00:46:31
South. 00:46:34
From the south, exactly. 00:46:35
Now take a look at tomorrow. With all of these features moving over to the east a little bit, 00:46:36
we have the high pressure just to the west, low pressure just to our east. 00:46:40
Again, counterclockwise around the low, clockwise around the high. 00:46:44
Which way is the wind blowing? 00:46:48
North. 00:46:49
From the north. 00:46:50
So as you guys can see, the wind does change direction. 00:46:51
Mr. Mahler, can wind move smell? 00:46:54
It sure can. Wind can move a lot of things. 00:46:57
It can move the smells, it can move water droplets, it can move volcanic ash. 00:46:59
As a matter of fact, when a tornado spins, it can pick up debris, 00:47:04
and the wind can move it for hundreds of miles. 00:47:07
Wow. I didn't know weather was this complicated. 00:47:10
Here, I'll give you the wind direction for each day this week. That might help you. 00:47:13
Cool. Let's take these back to Dr. D's lab, and we can find the wind direction and track the smell. 00:47:16
We'll have to study them. 00:47:22
Aw, man. That sounds like more work, and I thought we were almost there. 00:47:23
Thanks a lot. This is a really neat place. Maybe we can come back sometime. 00:47:28
Anytime. I'll see you guys later. 00:47:31
Watch for us on KSNN. 00:47:33
I'll be tuning in. 00:47:35
Bye. 00:47:36
See you later. 00:47:37
See ya. 00:47:38
Hi, Dr. D. 00:47:39
Hi. What do you have in your hands? 00:47:42
The official weather map from Craig Mahler. 00:47:44
The weatherman? 00:47:48
Yes, the meteorologist. Bernie Andron will recognize the name. 00:47:49
We know now the whole smell of a stink each day. 00:47:53
And maybe now, with the wind direction, we might be able to figure out the source. 00:47:56
I'm so confused. How in the world do we make sense of this? 00:48:01
I'd suggest you put all your information in a chart form, or what we call a matrix. 00:48:06
It may help you organize all this information. 00:48:11
I've already made a matrix. 00:48:13
It has the days of the week across the top, and the four cities down the side. 00:48:16
Your job is to mark when each city smelled the stink each day. 00:48:21
Later, you can compare the wind direction on each day to your chart, 00:48:26
to the map you've already made, to see what it might mean. 00:48:31
Oh, cool. I think this will really help us. 00:48:34
Let's go back to the treehouse and try it out. 00:48:37
Thanks, Dr. D. 00:48:39
Bye. 00:48:40
I'll let you in on a secret. I think they may be on to something. 00:48:43
Let's not waste any time. Let's get down to business. 00:48:48
Set up that, um, the matrix. 00:48:51
Yeah, whatever. 00:48:53
Okay, who smelled the stink on Monday? 00:48:54
Looking at our email, only Fuseville. 00:48:57
Okay. And on Tuesday? 00:48:59
No one. 00:49:01
What about Wednesday? 00:49:02
On Wednesday, Expo smelled it a little bit, but Fuseville got hit hard. 00:49:04
And on Thursday, all the cities smelt it, but all of us in Big City really got hit. 00:49:08
Yeah, man. We were plugging our noses big time yesterday. 00:49:14
And today, Expo smelled it a little bit, but Fuseville got hit again. 00:49:18
So, what does this all mean? 00:49:22
I think we should go to the map and see how the wind direction relates to our information. 00:49:24
Let's go. 00:49:29
Okay. 00:49:30
Okay. Monday, the wind was coming from the north. 00:49:35
And Fuseville really smelled the stink. 00:49:38
So the source could be coming from somewhere up here. 00:49:41
So, like, maybe the trash burning place or the paper mill? 00:49:43
Maybe, but on Tuesday, the wind was still coming from the north, and nobody smelled it. 00:49:46
Hmm. 00:49:51
And Wednesday, the wind again was coming from the north, and Fuseville got hit really bad, and Expo just a little bit. 00:49:52
So then the source would be across from us, and on the map, that's the trash burning plant. 00:49:59
On Thursday, everybody smelled the stink, and the wind changed direction. 00:50:06
It came from over there, the west. 00:50:10
But that was worse for us. 00:50:12
Remember that experiment we did in class when everyone in front of the fan got blasted? 00:50:14
Well, maybe this is like that. 00:50:19
Maybe Big City is right in the path of the stink. 00:50:21
Let's look at the map. 00:50:24
The source has to be where these two cross, right around Expo. 00:50:25
Well, my hypothesis is a trash burning place. 00:50:30
It has to be the source. 00:50:32
But it's so far away from Big City. 00:50:34
Can the wind move a smell that far? 00:50:36
Uh-huh. 00:50:41
Uh-huh. 00:50:42
Thanks, Dr. D. I really appreciate it. 00:50:43
Bye. 00:50:45
Dr. D. says you would be surprised how far fires, pollutions, and smell can travel. 00:50:46
He suggests that we talk to a friend of his at NASA who specializes in that kind of thing. 00:50:53
Okay, that's it then. 00:50:59
It's a trash burning plant. 00:51:00
Let's call KSNN. 00:51:02
Watch me on the news. 00:51:03
I don't want to embarrass myself in front of all my friends. 00:51:05
We better be right. 00:51:08
I don't even know how far smell can travel. 00:51:10
I still think we should talk to Dr. D.'s friend just to be safe. 00:51:13
We can stop by NASA tomorrow before we go to KSNN. 00:51:17
Let's go. 00:51:21
Okay. 00:51:22
An alert for Expo today. 00:51:25
It appears to be the only city under stink siege. 00:51:27
Does anybody know in which direction the wind is blowing? 00:51:30
From the south. 00:51:33
And Dr. D. says he'll pick us up from NASA. 00:51:34
From the south what? 00:51:36
Come on. 00:51:37
We got to get out there. 00:51:38
Let's get up. 00:51:39
We know. 00:51:40
Get up and go. 00:51:41
Dr. Jack Fishman. 00:51:50
That's his name. 00:51:51
I think we're supposed to meet him here. 00:51:52
Hey. 00:51:53
There he is. 00:51:54
Hi. 00:51:55
I'm Bianca. 00:51:56
And this is Jacob and Matthew. 00:51:57
Hi guys. 00:51:59
I'm Jack Fishman and I work at NASA Langley Research Center in the atmospheric sciences department. 00:52:00
Is there anything I can help you with? 00:52:04
We have one question. 00:52:06
We were wondering if smell could travel all the way from Expo to Big City. 00:52:07
Well, you know, that's the research area I've been doing for a long time. 00:52:11
And I might just be able to have some answers for you. 00:52:14
Come on over to the laboratory and let me show you some stuff. 00:52:16
Okay. 00:52:19
Cool. 00:52:20
How far do smelly things travel? 00:52:21
Oh, you would really be surprised. 00:52:23
Here at NASA Langley in our atmospheric sciences research program, 00:52:25
we have special instruments we put on both airplanes and even on satellites to track these smelly molecules. 00:52:28
How far do you think they can travel? 00:52:34
Hundreds of miles. 00:52:35
Hundreds of miles? 00:52:36
From here to Tennessee? 00:52:37
From here to California? 00:52:38
Well, you'd be surprised. 00:52:39
At one point, we actually took measurements of fires in Africa and South America 00:52:41
and were able to track the chemicals in the smoke hundreds and hundreds of miles off the coast. 00:52:45
And when you were so far away from the fires, could you still smell them? 00:52:50
The smoke was certainly less dense and not even visible. 00:52:54
But with our special instruments, we could still tell the smoke was in the air and the smelly molecules were present. 00:52:57
And let me tell you something else. 00:53:03
Our instruments on satellites are able to see the smoke and the smelly molecules travel all the way from South America 00:53:05
all the way around the world past the Pacific Ocean. 00:53:10
Will they ever disappear? 00:53:13
Well, actually, yes. 00:53:15
Eventually, they'll react with another molecule to make a less smelly molecule. 00:53:16
These molecules, in turn, may get washed out by the rainfall. 00:53:20
And, yes, they disappear. 00:53:23
Wow. 00:53:25
I guess the answer is yes. 00:53:26
Smell really can travel. 00:53:27
I guess we'd better go back to see if we're right. 00:53:29
Hey, there's Dr. V. 00:53:31
Let's go. 00:53:32
Thanks for all your help. 00:53:33
Bye. 00:53:34
Bye, guys. 00:53:35
Bye. 00:53:36
It can't be the trash burning place. 00:53:37
I mean, we're nowhere near it. 00:53:39
We're just south of Expo and the stink is coming from the south. 00:53:41
Except the candy factory. 00:53:44
But that's not on the map. 00:53:46
Oh, that's right. 00:53:48
Because it's new. 00:53:49
It's new? 00:53:50
The candy factory? 00:53:51
Let me get out my cooking book. 00:53:55
That's funny. 00:53:57
I never thought of you, Dr. D, as a gourmet. 00:53:58
Yeah, but you know how to make artificial flavors like banana, pears, and pineapple. 00:54:01
Okay. 00:54:06
Smell this. 00:54:08
Ew! 00:54:12
Ew. 00:54:15
What are you trying to do? 00:54:16
Knock us out? 00:54:17
This is butyric acid. 00:54:18
Whoa. 00:54:20
That smells like the stink out at the factory. 00:54:21
We'll take this test tube and put it in a warm water bath. 00:54:24
Then we're going to add to the butyric acid some ethyl alcohol and some sulfuric acid. 00:54:27
Wow. 00:54:35
It smells so sweet. 00:54:36
Just like pineapples. 00:54:37
This is great. 00:54:39
I think we found the source of the stink. 00:54:40
All right. 00:54:42
Let's call Cassidy. 00:54:44
Hello? 00:54:47
Yes, this is Bianca. 00:54:48
Oh, great. 00:54:49
Thanks. 00:54:50
They want to come here? 00:54:51
Oh, I guess that's fine. 00:54:53
Okay, bye-bye. 00:54:55
You won't believe this. 00:54:56
We actually found the source. 00:54:58
This is so cool. 00:55:00
This is great. 00:55:01
I'm going to be famous. 00:55:02
Hey, Mom. 00:55:04
Guess what? 00:55:05
We found the stink problem. 00:55:06
And KSN wants to come over and interview us. 00:55:07
Honey, that's great. 00:55:09
Oh, look. 00:55:11
They're here. 00:55:12
We have to go down for the taping. 00:55:13
Let's go. 00:55:15
That was so cool. 00:55:19
I can't believe we're going to be on TV. 00:55:20
Who says this kind of stuff only happens on make-believe TV? 00:55:23
Turn on the TV. 00:55:26
We should be on in a few minutes. 00:55:27
I can't believe we made the news. 00:55:29
More like we're making the news. 00:55:31
We have some breaking news to report this Saturday afternoon. 00:55:33
Our treehouse detectives found the stink. 00:55:36
So what is the source of the smell? 00:55:39
It's on, it's on, it's on. 00:55:41
It's the new candy factory. 00:55:42
We even saw it with our own two eyes. 00:55:44
That's part of observation. 00:55:46
So how did you figure it out? 00:55:48
It wasn't easy. 00:55:50
We used a scientific method to help us. 00:55:51
It's really a tool we use every day. 00:55:53
I guess we just don't think about it. 00:55:55
So you asked a lot of questions. 00:55:56
Then what? 00:55:58
And then we formed a hypothesis. 00:55:59
At first we thought it was the chemical plant causing the stink. 00:56:01
Then our data showed us all the cities close to the chemical plant 00:56:04
didn't even notice the smell. 00:56:07
We were really bummed out. 00:56:09
But you didn't give up. 00:56:11
We were thinking of it. 00:56:12
But our friend Dr. D told us that real scientists never give up. 00:56:13
Then we started thinking about how smell travels. 00:56:16
And we decided that the wind outside must affect the smell. 00:56:19
It's simple, you know, the wind. 00:56:23
We found out that the fan made the smell go in a certain direction. 00:56:25
So we figured the wind did the same thing. 00:56:29
Get it? 00:56:31
Huh? 00:56:32
I think so. 00:56:33
Yeah, I got it. 00:56:34
And with Dr. D's help, we charted out the wind direction 00:56:35
and compared it to the email from the residents who smelled it, 00:56:38
which led us to a location exactly south of Exville, 00:56:41
which is where the new candy factory is. 00:56:44
Again, congratulations for helping us clear the air. 00:56:46
Management at the new candy factory told us 00:56:49
they didn't know they were causing all the stink. 00:56:51
They say they're taking care of the problem. 00:56:53
On Tuesday, you didn't smell the stink 00:56:55
because the factory closed down for some work. 00:56:57
That's all from KSNN. 00:57:00
Remember, if you want to see us, just watch us on TV 00:57:02
or click on our NASA website. 00:57:05
We'll be waiting for your messages. 00:57:07
Come on, let's watch ourselves on TV. 00:57:09
So, are you surprised about the ending? 00:57:13
I'll let you in on a secret. 00:57:15
Matthew, Bianca, and Jacob 00:57:16
might have found the location a lot sooner 00:57:18
if they weren't using an outdated map. 00:57:20
A new map like this shows the candy factory. 00:57:22
Remember to always use up-to-date resources. 00:57:24
One last science tip. 00:57:26
Always remember to use safety precautions 00:57:28
when doing experiments. 00:57:30
For example, whenever I mix chemicals, 00:57:31
I always use e-safety goggles, 00:57:33
like in our pineapple experiment. 00:57:35
And don't forget to always have an adult present. 00:57:37
Okay, time is running out. 00:57:39
I'll see you for our next adventure 00:57:41
with the Treehouse Detective on another NASA Wi-Files. 00:57:43
The NASA Wi-Files is made possible 00:58:08
by the generous support of SeaWorld and Busch Gardens 00:58:11
and the NASA Langley Research Center's 00:58:14
Aerospace Vehicle Systems Technology Program Office. 00:58:16
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Idioma/s:
en
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Autor/es:
NASA LaRC Office of Education
Subido por:
EducaMadrid
Licencia:
Reconocimiento - No comercial - Sin obra derivada
Visualizaciones:
509
Fecha:
28 de mayo de 2007 - 15:33
Visibilidad:
Público
Enlace Relacionado:
NASAs center for distance learning
Duración:
58′ 21″
Relación de aspecto:
4:3 Hasta 2009 fue el estándar utilizado en la televisión PAL; muchas pantallas de ordenador y televisores usan este estándar, erróneamente llamado cuadrado, cuando en la realidad es rectangular o wide.
Resolución:
480x360 píxeles
Tamaño:
349.15 MBytes

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