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Subido el 20 de mayo de 2024 por Adrián O.

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Este video está dirigido a monchis 00:00:14
materials. In this video we'll discuss the materials used in mechanical manufacturing 00:00:19
with the aim of achieving the objective of making an appropriate selection of them. 00:00:25
If we look around us we can find multiple objects that we use for a multitude of applications 00:00:34
in which the choice of materials is fundamental as the reparation will depend on them. 00:00:40
The choice of materials significantly influences their quality, durability, functionality, and cost. 00:00:47
By choosing the right materials, more efficient, durable, and sustainable products can be created, 00:00:53
ensuring efficiency, durability, and sustainability, and can source customer satisfaction as well as user safety. 00:00:58
Some important reasons for choosing the right materials when manufacturing a product are durability. 00:01:05
Choosing durable materials can increase the product's lifespan and reduce the need for frequent repairs and replacements. 00:01:11
Functionality 00:01:18
The right materials can enhance the product's functionality, making them easier to use and more efficient in their performance. 00:01:19
Aesthetics 00:01:27
Materials also influence the appearance and visual appeal of the product, so it is important to choose materials that fit the desired design and style. 00:01:28
Quality 00:01:37
Quality. High-quality materials are essential for ensuring the quality of products. Low-quality materials can make the product less durable, less efficient and more prone to fail. Cost. Choosing the right materials can help reduce production costs and make the product more affordable for customers. 00:01:38
Sustainability. Selecting sustainable materials can reduce the environmental impact of production and enhancing the brand's image. 00:01:58
The chemical composition of materials begins with their smallest particles, atoms. 00:02:10
Within them, there are two distinctive particles, the nucleus composed of protons and neutrons and the outer shell comprising electrons. 00:02:16
As we already know, the periodic table is a very useful table for organizing elements that help us understand the chemistry and behavior in various situations. 00:02:26
By knowing all elements, the elements positioned on the table, we can predict its chemical properties and its reactivity with other elements. 00:02:35
Chemical bonds are the key to the formation of solid and stable materials. 00:02:46
Atoms bond with each other through chemical bonds, which are forces that hold atoms together in a molecule or compound, as when a bond forms, the energy state becomes more stable. 00:02:51
There are three main types of chemical bonds, ionic, covalent and metallic. 00:03:04
Anionic bond atoms join because one of them loses electrons and becomes a positive ion, while the other atom gains electrons and becomes a negative ion. 00:03:12
Oppositely shared ions attract each other and are held together in ionic crystals. 00:03:22
Materials bonded by ionic bonds have characteristic properties such as high melting point and boiling point, and they are crystalline solids at room temperature. 00:03:27
Common examples of materials bonded by ionic bonds include sodium chloride, known to all as table salt. 00:03:36
Covalent bonding occurs when one or more atoms share electrons to form a molecule, achieving a much more stable electronic configuration. 00:03:44
It forms between atoms with very similar electronegativity, which are close in the periodic table. 00:03:55
For example, in the water molecule, the two hydrogen atoms share electrons with the oxygen atom in order to provide stability to it. 00:04:01
In a metallic bond, metallic atoms share their electrons in a crystalline structure where electrons move freely between atoms. 00:04:10
This type of bond is responsible for the physical properties of metals, such as electrical and thermal conductivity. 00:04:21
The solid state is characterised by the more or less rigid shape it adopts. 00:04:30
The crystalline and amorphous solid state, the forms in which matter can exist, differ mainly in their molecular structure and organization. 00:04:35
The crystalline solid state is the one in which particles are arranged in an ordered and regular manner in a repetitive three-dimensional pattern that extends in all directions. 00:04:44
On the other hand, in the amorphous solid state, the particles don't have a regular 00:04:55
organization in 3D space, instead of a repetitive and ordered structure. 00:05:00
The particles are arranged in a random and disordered manner. 00:05:06
Amorphous materials don't have a defined shape. 00:05:10
They have lower melting points than crystalline materials and exhibit mechanical and electrical 00:05:12
properties that don't depend on the direction. 00:05:18
As we'll see in later videos associated with the teaching unit, the microscopic properties 00:05:23
of materials depend on how atoms are arranged. 00:05:29
In general, the structure of materials at a microscopic and molecular level affects 00:05:32
their microscopic properties in several ways. 00:05:38
For example, a material with a crystalline structure typically has a higher density and 00:05:41
is harder and more resistant than a material with an amorphous structure. 00:05:46
The crystalline structure of atoms can be described in terms of a 3D crystal net composed 00:05:52
of a series of repetitive unit cells in which the atoms assume relatively fixed positions. 00:05:58
Each unit cell contains one or several atoms and repeats in 3D space to form the complete 00:06:05
crystalline structure. 00:06:11
Most metals crystallize in three structures. 00:06:14
body center cubic, face center cubic and axonal closed pact. The structures they crystallize 00:06:17
in are those that correspond to lower energy levels and are therefore more stable. 00:06:25
Autor/es:
ANA AVILA JIMÉNEZ
Subido por:
Adrián O.
Licencia:
Reconocimiento - No comercial - Sin obra derivada
Visualizaciones:
9
Fecha:
20 de mayo de 2024 - 17:38
Visibilidad:
Clave
Enlace Relacionado:
https://mediateca.educa.madrid.org/recursosfp/d2eaenehdktvbufo
Centro:
EST ADMI D.G. DE BILINGÜISMO Y CALIDAD DE LA ENSEÑANZA
Duración:
06′ 40″
Relación de aspecto:
1.78:1
Resolución:
1280x720 píxeles
Tamaño:
25.02 MBytes

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