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SCRATCH:2020 - Contenido educativo

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Subido el 18 de mayo de 2020 por Isabel L.

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Well, this is the last activity of this course, and it's about programming. 00:00:01
You have this activity, I think, explained very well in your book in Lesson 1. 00:00:10
It's a very easy exercise. 00:00:17
It's about if you want to scratch, that lets us to control our economy in a month. 00:00:20
So as you always know, if you want to do or create a program, you must do it in three different steps. 00:00:26
In the first step, what you should do is create an algorithm using computational thinking. 00:00:41
So, first try to understand this problem of this project and discompose it in a simple one 00:00:52
and then create an algorithm. You must express your algorithm using a flowchart. 00:01:04
So for this example, a flowchart can be in this way. 00:01:12
It's very complicated this flowchart because it has loops, it has conditionals, so we are 00:01:20
going to explain step by step. 00:01:42
What you have? 00:01:45
Well you have firstly at least four variables that are incomes, outlows, savings and day. 00:01:46
All of them are numbers. 00:01:56
So you must define the variables and the type. 00:02:00
Then you must start this variable. 00:02:04
Let them evaluate at the beginning of the program. 00:02:09
In this case 0 for these 3 and 1 for the 8. 00:02:14
Well in your book I think one of these, I think incomes, is 150, if you want you can 00:02:19
repeat with this value also. Then what happens? Well indeed you must input the 00:02:28
value of income and also the value of payings or outlays and then you can 00:02:37
calculate the save but obviously this is for the day one, the first 00:02:45
day. So what happens if you calculate the saving you must know if the 00:02:52
saving is more than 50 or less than 50 it is more than 50 it's okay it is less 00:02:59
than 50 you must save more but it's just only for the first day you must continue 00:03:07
with the program you must continue to the second day so here you have the loop 00:03:16
the loop is until the day is more than 30 because months more or less have 30 or 00:03:25
31 days but you usually do the calculation using just only 30. So you 00:03:35
are going to repeat all these calculations and this question during 30 00:03:42
times. That's the reason why we have this condition at the beginning. Well if you are in the day 31 00:03:51
then you must tell if you have saved or not and finally is the end of the program. 00:04:05
So, it's an easy one, but you must do the flowchart that can be in this way. 00:04:11
You can do or imagine another algorithm that can solve the problem. 00:04:22
In this case, algorithm is not just a mathematic thing, it's more flexible. 00:04:29
So maybe you can express with another one. 00:04:36
I think this is the best, but it's for me. 00:04:40
Programming is something very personal. 00:04:44
Well, if you have the algorithm then you must compile it. 00:04:47
How? 00:04:53
Using Scratch. 00:04:54
Well Scratch, you can use Scratch online and I usually use Scratch online because for me 00:04:56
is very comfortable because I don't have to save my scratches. You can have so many scratches you 00:05:08
don't need to to save all of them. I hope that you remember how Scratch is used. Here you have 00:05:16
create, create something, and if you want to create something you also can have 00:05:27
different steps. The first step is to create the scenario because Scratch 00:05:37
is a high-level language of programming but in this case is for 00:05:48
blocks, so you need some blocks. The blocks are the sprite, but you need to 00:05:57
create your scenery. And to create your scenery you need the background. You can 00:06:02
choose a background from the from the library of Scratch. Here there are a lot 00:06:11
of categories so you can use one of these, or if you want you also can upload a 00:06:18
scenario from your computer if you want. Here there is a lot of scenario, export, 00:06:30
upload, import, space, whatever, one of these. You must choose one of these 00:06:38
Well, in their book they recommend one scenery, but you can choose another one if you don't 00:06:45
like this scenery. 00:06:58
I can remember the scenery, some patterns, space, outdoor, sport, music, whatever. 00:07:01
One of these, whichever, it's not important the scenery. 00:07:19
For example, we can choose a wall, and then we need at least one sprite. 00:07:23
If you don't want to change, you can use this one. 00:08:02
If you want to change the sprite, here you have a lot of sprites. 00:08:06
It doesn't matter because the sprite is not important in this case. 00:08:14
So here you have a lot of sprites, cats, etc. 00:08:18
And if you want, each sprite has different characteristics. 00:08:23
Its constants that you can change is the one, we have for example two constants in this 00:08:35
case and to change it you have all of these so you can change for example you 00:08:43
you can create your own cat changes the the parts the different parts of the 00:08:52
cats or if you prefer for example you can change the year or you can change 00:08:59
the eyes or whatever, if you want to change the scratch and give them your own version 00:09:21
of scratch. 00:09:38
Here are the custom, you have more than one. 00:09:39
Also they have some sounds, you can change the sounds if you want. 00:09:45
And finally, what is more important in this case is the code. 00:09:55
For the code you have motion, if you want, you can change the appears, you can change 00:10:00
the sounds, events, control, here you have a lot of blocks of codes in different 00:10:08
categories. So, in our case, the code is this. So, we have a compiling 00:10:24
the flowchart that we have designed. So, firstly, we have 00:11:02
four variables. So variable is here. If you want to create a variable, just make 00:11:14
a variable, give a name, and you have a new variable. In this case we have day, 00:11:21
income, outlays, and saving. And except day, the rest of them are started to 00:11:30
0. That's why. Then we must repeat for 30 times. So here you have 00:11:41
the r variables, we have control and here in control you can repeat a 00:11:52
number of times or forever or there are the two main loops that you have in 00:12:00
in Scratch, or we can repeat a number of times, in this case 30, or forever. 00:12:10
Then say to the ease, the incomes, the outlays, set saving as the difference between income 00:12:19
and it is less than 50, you must save, or you are gay, no? 00:12:36
You can know how much you can in your save, as a saving, and increase one day to second 00:12:45
day until 30. 00:12:55
So for example, today is day one. 00:12:59
How much have you earned, for example, 1,000. 00:13:02
paid 17 so you are well because there are well let's say supposing no incomes supposing 00:13:07
well you have a more than 50 so third day no incomes supposing you must save because 00:13:26
you have 40. Day 5. Day 5, suppose you were 500, nothing to pay, so well, because you are, well, 00:13:40
0, 0, day 5, 6, 0, 0, until day 30. 00:14:02
And that is. 00:17:40
So at the end of the program they give you the incomes, the savings and also what you 00:17:42
have paid. 00:17:50
This is all, this is the program, so what you must do, you must save to your computer 00:17:52
and this file is what you must submit, this file you must submit to the virtual classroom. 00:18:07
This is all, I hope it can be helpful for you to understand it. 00:18:20
Idioma/s:
en
Autor/es:
Isabel Lafuente Reboredo
Subido por:
Isabel L.
Licencia:
Reconocimiento - No comercial
Visualizaciones:
94
Fecha:
18 de mayo de 2020 - 18:04
Visibilidad:
Público
Centro:
IES JOSÉ GARCÍA NIETO
Duración:
18′ 32″
Relación de aspecto:
16:10 El estándar usado por los portátiles de 15,4" y algunos otros, es ancho como el 16:9.
Resolución:
1440x900 píxeles
Tamaño:
49.02 MBytes

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