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Destination Tomorrow - DT11 - GPS

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Subido el 28 de mayo de 2007 por EducaMadrid

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NASA Destination Tomorrow Segment describing how pilots, drivers, hikers, seismologists, and the military use Global Positioning Systems (GPS).

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Trying to figure out where you are and where you're going has always been a challenge. 00:00:00
Navigation and positioning are crucial to so many activities, and yet the process has not always been easy. 00:00:08
Thankfully, the days of navigating by celestial means or landmarks are long gone since the introduction of GPS, 00:00:13
or the Global Positioning System. 00:00:19
So what is GPS? 00:00:21
For some answers, I spoke with Dr. Kevin Dutton at NASA Langley. 00:00:23
Find out how it works. 00:00:26
GPS stands for the Global Positioning System. 00:00:28
And like the name suggests, it's a system to find your location anywhere on the Earth or near the Earth's surface. 00:00:31
And the way it does that is by using radio frequency broadcast from orbiting satellites. 00:00:38
Can you tell me why GPS was originally developed? 00:00:43
It was developed by the Defense Department to meet all of their navigational needs. 00:00:46
For example, aircraft and ships at sea. 00:00:51
And now even individual soldiers carry little receivers like this in the field to find out where they are. 00:00:55
The Global Positioning System consists of a constellation of 24 satellites and their ground stations working together. 00:01:02
GPS uses these man-made stars as reference points to calculate positions accurate to a matter of meters, 00:01:08
and in some cases centimeters. 00:01:13
As long as you have a GPS receiver and a clear view of the sky and a map, you'll never be lost again. 00:01:15
Today, GPS is finding its way into cars, boats, planes, construction equipment, farm machinery, even laptop computers. 00:01:21
So how does the system work? 00:01:30
Let's say you're backpacking and you have a receiver with you. 00:01:32
You're going to turn on that receiver. 00:01:36
Now the GPS satellites are constantly broadcasting a signal, all 24 of them. 00:01:38
But above you at any one time, there's only 12 available, and then the other 12 are on the other side of the Earth. 00:01:43
So your receiver is going to listen and try to find at least four of these satellites directly above you, 00:01:49
and then it's going to determine a range for each satellite, 00:01:55
and it's going to use those ranges and the known locations of the satellites, 00:01:59
and it's going to do some mathematical calculations and a process called trilateration, 00:02:04
and it's going to figure out where that GPS receiver is. 00:02:10
That'll also give you altitude, and it'll give you speed and the direction that you're traveling in. 00:02:13
A standard GPS receiver will not only place you on a map at any particular location, 00:02:19
but will also trace your path across a map as you move. 00:02:23
If you leave your receiver on, it can stay in constant communication with GPS satellites to see how your location is changing. 00:02:26
With this information and its built-in clock, the receiver can give you several pieces of valuable information, 00:02:32
like how far you've traveled, how long you've been traveling, your current speed and your average speed, 00:02:37
also the estimated time of arrival at your destination if you maintain your current speed. 00:02:43
There's a lot of uses that they hadn't really thought about when they developed the system. 00:02:48
For example, later on it was discovered that if you put multiple antennas on a vehicle, like an aircraft for instance, 00:02:52
you could actually get attitude. 00:02:59
You could figure out its orientation and whether it was rolling or pitching or yawing. 00:03:01
Other things that they didn't realize they could really do were, for instance, seismologists use it for earthquake detection 00:03:06
to find out when tectonic plates are actually shifting apart. 00:03:13
It's that good. 00:03:17
Something else. 00:03:18
Very interesting. 00:03:19
Sure. 00:03:20
So that's how it works. 00:03:22
So the next time you want to know where you are or where you're going, don't reach for a map. 00:03:24
Reach for your GPS. 00:03:28
How much button is it here to press for a date for tonight's gathering? 00:03:30
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Idioma/s:
en
Niveles educativos:
▼ Mostrar / ocultar niveles
      • Nivel Intermedio
Autor/es:
NASA LaRC Office of Education
Subido por:
EducaMadrid
Licencia:
Reconocimiento - No comercial - Sin obra derivada
Visualizaciones:
651
Fecha:
28 de mayo de 2007 - 17:05
Visibilidad:
Público
Enlace Relacionado:
NASAs center for distance learning
Duración:
03′ 36″
Relación de aspecto:
4:3 Hasta 2009 fue el estándar utilizado en la televisión PAL; muchas pantallas de ordenador y televisores usan este estándar, erróneamente llamado cuadrado, cuando en la realidad es rectangular o wide.
Resolución:
480x360 píxeles
Tamaño:
20.87 MBytes

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