Saltar navegación

Activa JavaScript para disfrutar de los vídeos de la Mediateca.

2.2 Aragon and Navarra - Contenido educativo

Ajuste de pantalla

El ajuste de pantalla se aprecia al ver el vídeo en pantalla completa. Elige la presentación que más te guste:

Subido el 8 de mayo de 2023 por Luis H.

36 visualizaciones

Más información Transcripción

Descargar la transcripción

So let's talk about Aragon, the great king of Aragon was Alfonso I, remember Alfonso I, he was the one who defeated the Almoravids, he conquered again Zaragoza, we talked about it in the previous lessons, Alfonso I the battler, el batallador, he was the perfect knight for Aragon. 00:00:00
he conquered against zaragoza but in the year 1035 alfonso the first died in what year 00:00:30
in the year 1035 we are here class in the year 1035 he was killed he was killed alfonso the first 00:00:42
Because when Alfonso I conquered Zaragoza against the Almoravids, he wanted to conquer more and more territories on the southern part of Aragon. 00:00:53
And when he was conquering more territories on the southern part of Aragon, he was killed close to Daroka. 00:01:07
Daroka. He was killed by the Muslims close to Daroka. It's not necessary the name of the village, 00:01:17
but it's only to understand the lesson. And it caused, when he was killed, this situation 00:01:25
caused many problems in Aragon, because Alfonso I didn't have an heir. 00:01:34
He didn't have an heir and as a consequence there was a period of turmoil, confusion, chaos, chaos, turmoil, confusion, chaos, chaos in the year 1035 when he was killed. 00:01:47
he didn't have an heir 00:02:09
but Alfonso I 00:02:12
had a brother 00:02:14
he had a brother 00:02:16
who was a monk 00:02:17
was a monk 00:02:20
he was living in a monastery 00:02:22
I'm here 00:02:25
so Alfonso I didn't have an heir 00:02:26
but he had a monk 00:02:29
he had a brother 00:02:32
who was a monk 00:02:33
I'm talking about 00:02:34
his brother Ramiro 00:02:37
ramiro was alfonso the first brother he was a monk he was living in a monastery 00:02:40
and when the nobles nobles when the nobles in aragon knew that ramiro was in a monastery 00:02:49
all these nobles went to the monastery 00:03:01
to convince Alfonso I's brother, Ramiro, to be the new king. 00:03:05
And what do you think? 00:03:16
Did they convince him? 00:03:17
No. 00:03:20
Nothing. 00:03:22
Yes. 00:03:25
So they convinced him. 00:03:27
It was true that Ramiro used to be a monk. 00:03:30
But when all of these nobles from Aragon went to the monastery, 00:03:33
They convinced him to leave their vows as a monk, para dejar los votos, to leave his vows as a monk, his vows as a monk, vows, votos, and Ramiro became the new king. 00:03:38
Ramiro, he became Ramiro I. He became Ramiro I. From the year 1037, Ramiro became the new king in Aragon, Ramiro I. 00:04:02
And Ramiro I carried on fighting against the Almoravids, against the Muslims, because they killed his own brother. 00:04:16
but we really need to remember 00:04:25
Ramiro, we need to remember 00:04:29
Ramiro because he 00:04:31
had a daughter 00:04:33
he had a daughter, sorry for 00:04:34
the name, but she was 00:04:37
called Petronila 00:04:39
so we need to 00:04:41
remember 00:04:43
Ramiro I 00:04:44
because he has a daughter 00:04:47
who was Petronila 00:04:49
we have here in front of us 00:04:51
the picture of 00:04:54
Petronila from the kingdom of Aragon. And Petronila was really important in history class. 00:04:55
Why? Because she got married to Ramón Berenguer. She got married to Ramón Berenguer. Who was Ramón 00:05:02
Berenguer? Ramón Berenguer was the most important count in Catalonia. Ramón Berenguer IV 00:05:12
It was the most important count in Barcelona, in the Catalan counties, and they got married 00:05:22
each other. 00:05:31
They got married each other in the year 1137. 00:05:33
They got married in the year 1137. 00:05:41
And when they got married, it was the moment when the great kingdom of Aragon was founded. 00:05:45
It was the moment of the beginning of the great kingdom of Aragon. Why? 00:05:54
Because Aragon and the Catalan counties joined together. 00:05:59
Aragon and the Catalan counties joined together. 00:06:04
both of them both territories here in this image we have the kingdom of aragon and the catalan 00:06:09
counties and this is the moment when both kingdoms joined together because petronila joined her 00:06:16
territories from aragon and ramon berenguer joined his territories from the catalan counties he was 00:06:24
the Count in Barcelona, but he unified all of them and joined their territories to Aragon. 00:06:33
So, this is the beginning of the Great Kingdom of Aragon. Aragon and Castile became the most 00:06:42
important kingdoms at this moment from the 11th to the 13th century. So, class, what were the 00:06:47
most important kingdoms from the 11th century up to the 13th century? Castile and Aragon, okay? 00:06:54
Castile and Aragon became the most important kingdoms, and from that moment Aragon conquered 00:07:03
and conquered more territories against the Muslims. 00:07:10
They became more powerful, they had better armies, here we have the region of the Catalan 00:07:15
counties, and Petronila Ramón Berenguer IV, as I said before, they conquered more and 00:07:26
more territories against the muslims both of them both of them conquered lerida they conquered first 00:07:33
lerida we are here they conquered first lerida and secondly from lerida from lerida they conquered 00:07:44
the territory of Teruel. Teruel. It appears here. Teruel. So they were conquering more and more 00:07:58
territories. Aragón became more powerful. They got more money. And what happened after that? 00:08:09
What happened after that? What happened was the following. Petronila and Ramón Berenguer IV 00:08:21
had a son they had a son was Jaime the first Jaime the first Jaime the first was really important in 00:08:29
history why because he expanded the territory for Aragon he expanded the territory for Aragon even 00:08:42
more than before. Who was Jaime I? Jaime I was the son of Petronila and Ramón Berenguer's son 00:08:51
and he was really important to Marcos because he expanded the territory for Aragon. He expanded 00:09:04
the territory for Aragon in the Mediterranean Sea. So Aragon had ships, they had really good sailors, 00:09:11
sailors, marineros, and they travel and they conquer territories around the Mediterranean 00:09:21
Sea, alongside the Mediterranean Sea. 00:09:30
So for example, Jaime I was the one who conquered first Mallorca in 1229. 00:09:36
He conquered Mallorca, we are here. 00:09:44
He conquered Mallorca in the year 1229 with the help of the Catalans. 00:09:50
The Catalans were the ones who helped Jaime I to conquer Mallorca. 00:09:56
He came from here, from the Catalan counties. 00:10:03
He had several battles against the Muslims because Mallorca was under the hands of the 00:10:08
Muslims, first in Santa Ponsa, then in Portopi Hill, you travel to Mallorca by plane, you are 00:10:14
going to see first the Portopi Hill and then the city of Mallorca is here, alongside the coast. 00:10:23
So he had three different battles against the Muslims and finally Jaime I conquered Mallorca 00:10:33
in the year 1229. 00:10:40
And from Mallorca, Jaime I also conquered other territories. 00:10:45
After Mallorca, Jaime I conquered other territories. 00:10:54
The second one in importance was Valencia. 00:10:58
Valencia in the year 1238. 00:11:02
Jaime I, the one who conquered Mallorca first and then Valencia. 00:11:06
He conquered Valencia with the help of the Aragonese people. 00:11:11
So imagine, from Aragon he launched an expedition, he launched an expedition from Aragon and 00:11:19
with the help of the Aragonese people he conquered Valencia in the year 1238, some years later 00:11:27
on, Jaime I, really important in the history of Aragon. 00:11:36
He founded the great kingdom of Aragon because since he conquered all of these territories, 00:11:40
he got more revenues, more taxes, more money. 00:11:47
He made an army. 00:11:52
He built ships and Aragon took over many, many places alongside the Mediterranean Sea. 00:11:54
So this is the moment when Jaime I from Aragon conquered Valencia in the year 1238 and that's 00:12:06
why for example after Valencia they conquered also Alicante and as a consequence if you 00:12:16
travel to Alicante you are going to see that people in Alicante in Valencia they are talking 00:12:22
in Valencia but if you travel to Murcia you are going to see that they are going to speak 00:12:28
in castilian why because murcia was conquered by by whom 00:12:35
exactly because murcia was conquered by castile and by contrast alicante and valencia were 00:12:50
conquered by arable that's the difference so jaime first the one who conquered palma 00:12:57
palma de mallorca and after that valencia in the year 1238 but from valencia and palma 00:13:05
jaime i controlled the western part of the mediterranean sea he conquered the balearic 00:13:16
islands palma de mallorca valencia he conquered also the south of france the province and also 00:13:23
sicily after mallorca and valencia jaime the first son conquered sicily in italy in the year 1302 and 00:13:34
his grandson his son conquered sicily in italy and his grandson reached the territory in greece 00:13:53
in grecia he conquered athens so it was incredible because the great kingdom of aragon managed 00:14:03
to control alongside the mediterranean sea jaime first palma valencia first 00:14:11
his son sicily in the year 1302 sicily and his grandson reached the territory of greece in 00:14:19
Athens. So they controlled the whole territories alongside the Mediterranean Sea. So they got 00:14:30
more taxes, more money. They made a huge army. And that's why the Kingdom of Aragon became 00:14:37
the great Kingdom of Aragon. So this is the story of Aragon. Incredible. Did you know 00:14:43
that aragon conquered greece athens and also some territories in italy 00:14:53
in the 15th century they conquer up to naples napoles but you have to say only the most 00:15:01
important territories from the 11th century up to the 13th century which were valencia 00:15:08
palma sicily and athens okay now with this it's more than enough okay so let's talk now for a 00:15:14
minute about navarra and with this we are going to finish the theory for today and we are going 00:15:24
to correct several exercise let's talk about navarra are you ready to talk about navarra 00:15:30
teacher one thing okay only one thing okay in the conquered territories in Athens were in 1302 or 00:15:37
no later on later okay it was as you can see here the beginning of the 14th century they conquered 00:15:50
the territories up to Athens. So, Navarra. Let's talk for a minute about Navarra. If you see Navarra, 00:16:01
Navarra was in a strategic position because it was between the territories of Castile and Aragon. 00:16:13
So, in the 13th century, both territories, Castile and Aragon, wanted to conquer Navarra 00:16:24
Because Navarra was in a strategic position. So Navarra, the story of Navarra was very complicated because in the 13th century Castile and Aragon wanted to conquer Navarra, but they were not able to conquer Navarra. 00:16:32
It was France. It was France, the kingdom of France, the ones who conquered Navarre. There was a family in France. It was the, this is only to know more, it was the Foix family. I wrote it down for you at the bottom. 00:16:55
the Foix family from France, the ones who conquered Navarre. 00:17:16
So I will say that Navarre in the 13th century was in a strategic position. 00:17:24
Both kingdoms, Castile and Aragon, wanted to conquer Navarre. 00:17:30
But finally, in the 13th century, Navarre belonged to France. 00:17:35
This family, the Foix family, settled in Navarre. 00:17:40
so we need to wait up to this year we need to wait up to this year up to 1512 00:17:46
and this is the moment when the catholic kings isabella from castile and ferdinand from aragon 00:17:57
conquered definitely Navarra for Castile okay this is the moment when Navarra 00:18:06
joined to Castile and that's why Navarra is now part of Spain instead of being 00:18:16
part of France it was this moment so in the 13th century you have to say 00:18:24
that Navarra belonged to France, to the family. After that it was very very difficult the story 00:18:33
in Navarra because some years it belonged to Castile, other years it belonged to Aragon, 00:18:41
but definitely, definitely you must explain that in the year 1512 it was the moment, the definitive 00:18:49
moment when Castile and Aragon conquered Navarra. That's why Navarra is now part 00:18:58
of Spain, instead of being part of France. Okay? 00:19:05
In what year did the Kingdom of Navarra conquer Aragon? 00:19:18
No, I will say that in the 13th century Navarra belonged to France, and in the 14th century, 00:19:24
I'm not going to ask this in the sum but if you want to explain it in the 14th century some years 00:19:31
Navarra belonged to Castile other years to Aragon and finally finally in 00:19:36
pay attention in the in the year 1512 it was the definitive moment when Navarra 00:19:44
was conquered by Castile and Aragon because I didn't explain it but from the year I would 00:19:52
say from the year 1492 a little bit before but in the year 1492 Castile and Aragon joined 00:20:09
together but this is another story we will learn this on the following year 00:20:18
okay so navarra in the 13th century castile another one wanted to conquer navarra but it 00:20:26
belonged in the 13th century to france and in the 14th century some years to castile other years to 00:20:35
Aragon and finally the Catholic kings conquered Navarre in the year 1512. You know for today 00:20:41
Autor/es:
Luis Horrillo Sánchez
Subido por:
Luis H.
Licencia:
Todos los derechos reservados
Visualizaciones:
36
Fecha:
8 de mayo de 2023 - 19:36
Visibilidad:
Público
Centro:
IES CERVANTES
Duración:
20′ 52″
Relación de aspecto:
2.05:1
Resolución:
1844x900 píxeles
Tamaño:
520.89 MBytes

Del mismo autor…

Ver más del mismo autor

EducaMadrid, Plataforma Educativa de la Comunidad de Madrid

Plataforma Educativa EducaMadrid