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History of Transportation

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Subido el 28 de mayo de 2007 por EducaMadrid

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NASA Sci Files segment exploring the history of transportation including inventions such as the wheel, the steam engine, and the combustion engine.

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Hi Mr. Dressel, I'm Tony, thanks for meeting with me. 00:00:00
My pleasure. 00:00:07
How can I help you? 00:00:08
We're working on a school assignment researching what transportation will be like in 100 years. 00:00:09
We thought the best place to start would be in the past. 00:00:14
That's a great place to begin. 00:00:16
Can you tell me when and where transportation began? 00:00:18
Well, the first form of transportation was by foot, or more commonly known as walking. 00:00:20
Yeah, I know all about walking. 00:00:24
At some point, boats were used and animals were domesticated, but the real transportation 00:00:27
breakthrough hadn't happened quite yet. 00:00:32
Breakthrough? 00:00:34
Like the invention of the driver's license? 00:00:35
Not quite yet. 00:00:37
Archaeologists believe that the very first step towards man-made transportation began 00:00:39
in either Mesopotamia or Asia, sometime around 4000 to 3500 BC, with the invention of the 00:00:43
wheel. 00:00:49
Was the invention of the car next in the timeline? 00:00:50
Well, it was really the invention of the steam engine in the late 18th century that made 00:00:52
mass transportation a standard. 00:00:57
The early trains were slow and they were often very dangerous, but as locomotives improved, 00:00:59
they really became important to our steadily growing and very young country, especially 00:01:04
considering we didn't have a very good road system. 00:01:09
I understand how trains help people travel long distances, but how did people in the 00:01:12
city get around? 00:01:17
Well, there was walking, and then there were horse cars and trolleys, and finally subways. 00:01:18
But then in the 1880s and the 1890s, they discovered the bicycle, which was great because 00:01:24
they could go where they wanted to and when they wanted to. 00:01:28
So they had wheels, but they didn't have wheels. 00:01:31
Right, they didn't have wheels as in cars. 00:01:34
Wasn't the car invented around the turn of the century? 00:01:37
Well, actually, in France, Nicolas-Joseph Cuneau invented a car as early as 1769, but 00:01:39
since it was powered by steam, most people don't consider it really an automobile. 00:01:45
But in the 1880s, Gottlieb Daimler and Karl Benz in Germany invented a light, practical 00:01:49
automobile engine that really ushered in the era of the modern automobile. 00:01:55
How has the car changed over time? 00:02:00
Well, this is a 1902 Rambler. 00:02:02
It's basically a powered buggy built using the same sort of technology they used to build 00:02:04
bicycles. 00:02:09
And this is a 1915 Dodge. 00:02:10
It's basically an improved version of the Model T Ford. 00:02:12
It was a front engine, rear drive, open touring car intended for a rural market. 00:02:15
Why did the style of cars change? 00:02:21
In the 1920s, people's lifestyles began to change. 00:02:24
We were no longer a country defined as rural and people began demanding more comfortable 00:02:28
cars. 00:02:33
Take a look at this 1929 Nash. 00:02:35
It shows the shift away from open cars. 00:02:37
The car was no longer just a fair weather option. 00:02:40
It was now a necessity and therefore it needed to be enclosed. 00:02:42
Wow, this one looks different. 00:02:47
It's a 1934 Chrysler Airflow. 00:02:52
It's the first mass produced aerodynamic car design. 00:02:55
By 1934, engineers had discovered just how much difference air resistance made on car 00:02:58
performance. 00:03:03
We learned about airflow in the case of the challenging flight and how important it is 00:03:04
on drag. 00:03:07
That's right. 00:03:08
And air flows really changed the way cars look. 00:03:09
Transportation has sure changed throughout history. 00:03:11
Yes, as transportation improves, it's easier to live and work farther apart. 00:03:13
If you walk to work, you're not likely to live more than about a mile away from where 00:03:18
you work. 00:03:23
But if you've got a car, you can drive 30 or more miles to work. 00:03:24
And with the invention of the airplane in 1903 by the Wright Brothers, we can live even 00:03:27
farther away and take vacations to faraway places. 00:03:30
And thanks, Mr. Dressel. 00:03:33
This has been a lot of help. 00:03:35
You're welcome. 00:03:36
Feel free to enjoy the exhibits. 00:03:37
There's a lot more to see. 00:03:38
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Idioma/s:
en
Niveles educativos:
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Autor/es:
NASA LaRC Office of Education
Subido por:
EducaMadrid
Licencia:
Reconocimiento - No comercial - Sin obra derivada
Visualizaciones:
331
Fecha:
28 de mayo de 2007 - 15:33
Visibilidad:
Público
Enlace Relacionado:
NASAs center for distance learning
Duración:
03′ 41″
Relación de aspecto:
4:3 Hasta 2009 fue el estándar utilizado en la televisión PAL; muchas pantallas de ordenador y televisores usan este estándar, erróneamente llamado cuadrado, cuando en la realidad es rectangular o wide.
Resolución:
480x360 píxeles
Tamaño:
22.27 MBytes

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